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Czech Republic: haplogroups

FamilyTreeDNA has 2,371 kits with a Y-DNA result and 1,198 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are R1a-Z282 — 30%, R1b-L51 — 21% and I2 — 9%. On the maternal line the most common are H — 40%, U — 19% and T2 — 9%. YFull has 254 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is almost the same. The largest gap is R1b-P312: 10% on FTDNA against 16% on YFull.

Compare with…
44.5
Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men
rank 21 of 123 among countries. About 5.3 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives
11.1
mtDNA · kits per 100,000 people
rank 22 of 93 among countries. About 11 million people (UN, 2023)

Mitotree, the mt tree of FTDNA Discover, has about 100 more samples from here that the public mt tree lacks: mostly academic studies, GenBank among them (copy of 11 November 2026). This page is built from the public FTDNA tree.

Paternal line · Y-DNA

2,371 kits · 30 branches
Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).
1,461 · 61.6% 28k years
806 · 34.0% 8,500 years
716 · 30.2% 4,800 years
421 · 17.8% 4,300 years
287 · 12.1% 4,700 years
253 · 10.7% 4,400 years
152 · 6.4% 4,300 years
607 · 25.6% 6,400 years
488 · 20.6% 6,100 years
232 · 9.8% 4,900 years
130 · 5.5% 4,700 years
92 · 3.9% 4,600 years
213 · 9.0% 5,000 years
109 · 4.6% 4,500 years
115 · 4.9% 5,700 years
98 · 4.1% 5,100 years
368 · 15.5% 35k years
214 · 9.0% 25k years
135 · 5.7% 20k years
112 · 4.7% 3,300 years
59 · 2.5% 17k years
154 · 6.5% 20k years
121 · 5.1% 4,500 years
176 · 7.4% 30k years
116 · 4.9% 28k years
154 · 6.5% 25k years
118 · 5.0% 15k years
101 · 4.3% 5,200 years
109 · 4.6% 28k years
79 · 3.3% 19k years
other
103 · 4.3%

Among the rest: N 52, T 21, Q 9, C 4, L 4, H 3, F 2.

Maternal line · mtDNA

1,198 kits · 30 branches
Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.
479 · 40.0% 11k years
159 · 13.3% 7,900 years
37 · 3.1%
27 · 2.3% 5,100 years
35 · 2.9% 5,300 years
58 · 4.8% 8,400 years
32 · 2.7% 7,700 years
31 · 2.6% 8,000 years
233 · 19.4% 51k years
U5a'b
138 · 11.5% 30k years
90 · 7.5% 21k years
48 · 4.0% 13k years
42 · 3.5% 17k years
48 · 4.0% 25k years
U2'3'4'7'8'9
90 · 7.5% 50k years
46 · 3.8% 22k years
27 · 2.3% 8,900 years
133 · 11.1% 20k years
102 · 8.5% 15k years
63 · 5.3% 8,500 years
27 · 2.3%
96 · 8.0% 35k years
76 · 6.3% 28k years
66 · 5.5% 13k years
65 · 5.4% 29k years
52 · 4.3% 23k years
43 · 3.6% 11k years
53 · 4.4% 7,500 years
37 · 3.1% 12k years
37 · 3.1% 13k years
other
65 · 5.4%

Among the rest: X 21, I 17, N 8, R 6, L 4, C 3, D 3, M 2, A 1.

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself. Above the map you can pick the paternal line (Y-DNA) or the maternal one (mtDNA).

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

Loading the map…

The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

Czech Republic: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • R-L260: 260 kits · 11.0% (95% confidence interval: 10–12%) (×18.3) 2,800 years
  • R-Y2604: 416 kits · 17.5% (95% confidence interval: 16–19%) (×12.4) 4,100 years
  • R-YP256: 145 kits · 6.1% (95% confidence interval: 5–7%) (×14.8) 2,300 years
  • R-L1029: 152 kits · 6.4% (95% confidence interval: 5–7%) (×8.8) 2,400 years
  • R-CTS7822 R1b-Z2110: 98 kits · 4.1% (95% confidence interval: 3–5%) (×8.6) 5,400 years
  • R-Z282 R1a-Z282: 716 kits · 30.2% (95% confidence interval: 28–32%) (×5.5) 4,800 years
  • R-CTS1211 R1a-CTS1211: 253 kits · 10.7% (95% confidence interval: 9–12%) (×6.5) 4,400 years
  • R-Z280 R1a-Z280: 287 kits · 12.1% (95% confidence interval: 11–13%) (×5.5) 4,700 years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

2–21%22–31%32–43%44–60%61–87%Czech Republicunder 100 kits
All 112 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Poland 87%
  2. Slovakia 84%
  3. Hungary 84%
  4. Austria 83%
  5. Germany 79%
  6. Ukraine 78%
  7. Slovenia 71%
  8. Russia 71%
  9. Bulgaria 70%
  10. Romania 70%
  11. Switzerland 68%
  12. Italy 68%
  13. Belarus 67%
  14. Croatia 65%
  15. Lithuania 65%
  16. France 64%
  17. Netherlands 63%
  18. Greece 62%
  19. Serbia 62%
  20. Latvia 61%
  21. Denmark 61%
  22. Belgium 60%
  23. England 60%
  24. United Kingdom 59%
  25. United States 58%
  26. Canada 56%
  27. Macedonia 55%
  28. Moldova 55%
  29. Bosnia and Herzegovina 54%
  30. Albania 53%
  31. Portugal 53%
  32. Spain 53%
  33. Brazil 51%
  34. Luxembourg 50%
  35. Montenegro 49%
  36. Wales 49%
  37. Estonia 49%
  38. Mordovia 49%
  39. Sweden 47%
  40. Scotland 47%
  41. Australia 46%
  42. Turkey 45%
  43. Tatarstan 44%
  44. Norway 43%
  45. Puerto Rico 43%
  46. Italy (Sicily) 43%
  47. Mexico 42%
  48. United States (Native American) 41%
  49. Bashkortostan 40%
  50. Ireland 40%
  51. Northern Ireland 40%
  52. Cuba 40%
  53. South Africa 39%
  54. England (Cornish) 39%
  55. Chuvashia 38%
  56. Colombia 38%
  57. Lebanon 37%
  58. Israel 37%
  59. Armenia 37%
  60. Azerbaijan 36%
  61. Argentina 36%
  62. Chile 35%
  63. Iran 35%
  64. Syria 32%
  65. Georgia 32%
  66. Adygea 32%
  67. Iraq 31%
  68. Egypt 31%
  69. Dominican Republic 29%
  70. Palestine 28%
  71. Dagestan 28%
  72. Jamaica 28%
  73. New Zealand 28%
  74. Kazakhstan 28%
  75. Finland 26%
  76. Uzbekistan 26%
  77. Bahrain 26%
  78. Morocco 26%
  79. Tunisia 24%
  80. Iceland 24%
  81. Algeria 24%
  82. Jordan 24%
  83. Afghanistan 24%
  84. Kuwait 24%
  85. United Arab Emirates 24%
  86. Tajikistan 23%
  87. Peru 23%
  88. Qatar 22%
  89. Saudi Arabia 22%
  90. India 21%
  91. Karelia 21%
  92. Pakistan 20%
  93. Libya 18%
  94. Isle of Man 17%
  95. Yemen 16%
  96. Oman 16%
  97. Sudan 15%
  98. Chechnya 14%
  99. Sri Lanka 13%
  100. Indonesia 10%
  101. Orstkhoy (Aosta Valley in FTDNA) 8%
  102. China 8%
  103. Ingushetia 7%
  104. Philippines 7%
  105. Mongolia 7%
  106. Somalia 6%
  107. Nigeria 4%
  108. Cameroon 4%
  109. South Korea 3%
  110. Japan 3%
  111. Ghana 2%
  112. Vietnam 2%

Czech Republic: mtDNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • H26a: 11 kits · 0.9% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×6.2)
  • V1a: 22 kits · 1.8% (95% confidence interval: 1–3%) (×4.2)

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

0–31%32–53%54–75%76–82%83–89%Czech Republicunder 100 kits
All 71 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Germany 89%
  2. Poland 88%
  3. Sweden 87%
  4. Russia 86%
  5. England 86%
  6. Hungary 86%
  7. Austria 85%
  8. United Kingdom 85%
  9. Slovakia 85%
  10. Switzerland 84%
  11. Scotland 84%
  12. United States 83%
  13. France 83%
  14. Norway 83%
  15. Ireland 82%
  16. Netherlands 82%
  17. Ukraine 82%
  18. Denmark 82%
  19. Italy 81%
  20. Belgium 79%
  21. Wales 79%
  22. Canada 79%
  23. Slovenia 78%
  24. Estonia 77%
  25. Croatia 77%
  26. Northern Ireland 77%
  27. Bulgaria 76%
  28. Lithuania 75%
  29. Romania 75%
  30. Finland 74%
  31. Serbia 72%
  32. Portugal 72%
  33. Greece 72%
  34. Australia 71%
  35. Latvia 71%
  36. Belarus 71%
  37. Bosnia and Herzegovina 69%
  38. Spain 65%
  39. United States (Native American) 62%
  40. Turkey 61%
  41. Moldova 61%
  42. Chechnya 57%
  43. Algeria 53%
  44. Armenia 53%
  45. Syria 49%
  46. Lebanon 48%
  47. Morocco 45%
  48. Israel 45%
  49. New Zealand 44%
  50. Iraq 41%
  51. Iran 39%
  52. South Africa 37%
  53. Egypt 37%
  54. Cuba 36%
  55. Saudi Arabia 35%
  56. Brazil 34%
  57. United Arab Emirates 31%
  58. Kuwait 31%
  59. Argentina 24%
  60. Dominican Republic 21%
  61. India 21%
  62. Mexico 19%
  63. Puerto Rico 17%
  64. Canada (First Nations) 13%
  65. China 8%
  66. Jamaica 8%
  67. Chile 7%
  68. Colombia 4%
  69. Japan 3%
  70. South Korea 1%
  71. Philippines 0%
YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

2,371
FTDNA
kits
254
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
R R-M207
61.6% · 61.8%+0.2
R1a-M198 R-M198
34.0% · 36.6%+2.6
Z282 R-Z282
30.2% · 32.3%+2.1
R1b-L23 R-L23
25.6% · 24.8%−0.8
L51 R-L51
20.6% · 21.7%+1.1
4.9% · 3.1%−1.7
I I-L758
15.5% · 14.2%−1.3
I2 I-P215
9.0% · 9.8%+0.8
I2a I-P37
5.7% · 7.9%+2.2
I2b I-M223
2.5% · 2.0%−0.5
I1 I-M253
6.5% · 4.3%−2.2
DF29 I-DF29
5.1% · 4.3%−0.8
J J-M304
7.4% · 9.4%+2
J2 J-M172
4.9% · 7.1%+2.2
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
6.5% · 9.1%+2.6
5.0% · 6.7%+1.7
V13 E-V13
4.3% · 5.5%+1.3
G G-M201
4.6% · 3.5%−1.1
G2a G-P15
3.3% · 2.8%−0.6

mtDNA

1,198
FTDNA
kits
102
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
40.0% · 41.2%+1.2
13.3% · 14.7%+1.4
3.1% · 4.9%+1.8
2.9% · 2.0%−1
4.8% · 3.9%−0.9
2.7% · 2.0%−0.7
2.6% · 1.0%−1.6
19.4% · 15.7%−3.8
U5a'b
11.5% · 8.8%−2.7
7.5% · 3.9%−3.6
4.0% · 4.9%+0.9
U2'3'4'7'8'9
7.5% · 5.9%−1.6
3.8% · 3.9%+0.1
11.1% · 16.7%+5.6
8.5% · 12.7%+4.2
5.3% · 10.8%+5.5
2.3% · 2.9%+0.7
8.0% · 7.8%−0.2
6.3% · 4.9%−1.4
5.5% · 3.9%−1.6
5.4% · 1.0%−4.4
4.3% · 0.0%−4.3
3.6% · 0.0%−3.6
4.4% · 4.9%+0.5
3.1% · 3.9%+0.8
3.1% · 3.9%+0.8

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 2,371 · Projects 484

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
R R-M207
61.6% · 52.1%−9.6
R1a-M198 R-M198
34.0% · 26.2%−7.8
Z282 R-Z282
30.2% · 19.8%−10.4
M458 R-M458
17.8% · 12.0%−5.8
Z280 R-Z280
12.1% · 7.4%−4.7
CTS1211 R-CTS1211
10.7% · 6.4%−4.3
R1b-L23 R-L23
25.6% · 19.6%−6
L51 R-L51
20.6% · 16.1%−4.5
P312 R-P312
9.8% · 9.3%−0.5
U106 R-U106
9.0% · 6.4%−2.6
I I-L758
15.5% · 20.2%+4.7
I2 I-P215
9.0% · 11.2%+2.1
J J-M304
7.4% · 7.6%+0.2
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
6.5% · 9.1%+2.6

mtDNA FTDNA 1,198 · Projects 290

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
40.0% · 39.7%−0.3
13.3% · 6.9%−6.4
4.8% · 3.4%−1.4
19.4% · 16.6%−2.9
U5a'b
11.5% · 6.6%−5
7.5% · 4.8%−2.7
U2'3'4'7'8'9
7.5% · 6.9%−0.6
11.1% · 12.8%+1.7
8.5% · 8.6%+0.1
5.3% · 4.8%−0.4
8.0% · 8.3%+0.3
6.3% · 4.5%−1.9
5.5% · 3.4%−2.1
5.4% · 6.2%+0.8
507
Y-DNA · People on the map
484 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 498 such votes
82%
Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed
that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs
290
mtDNA · People on the map
290 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 290 such votes
95%
agreement with YFull · Y
how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.
R-P312 +6
gap to YFull · Y
the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 9.8%, YFull 15.7%
33% / 30%
reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA
share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 38.6 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 35.2
30%
Y-DNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
45%
Big Y
rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.
33%
mtDNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
0.51
mt to Y
mtDNA kits per one Y-DNA kit. Below 0.3 means the country tests almost only the paternal line.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+15
Y-DNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12
+5
mtDNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-12 → 2026-11-11
+4
Y-DNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02
+2
mtDNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02

Y-DNA: branches that grew

mtDNA: branches that grew

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

New mtDNA samples in YFull

YFull

Regions on YFull #

Regions that cannot be picked at FTDNA but are reported by YFull customers. Regions with 20 or more samples are shown; modern YFull customers only. YFull regions →

Regions on YFull
Country / region Y mt Leading
Stredocesky kraj CZ-20 32 13 R-M198 R1a-M198 34%, R-L51 R1b-L51 19%, J-M67 J2a-M67 9%
Jihocesky kraj CZ-31 24 9 R-Z49 R1b-Z49 38%, R-Z282 R1a-Z282 33%
Jihomoravsky kraj CZ-64 21 5 R-M458 R1a-M458 24%, I-CTS10228 I2a-CTS10228 19%, J-M304 J 14%
Moravskoslezsky kraj CZ-80 20 12 R-M458 R1a-M458 35%, R-CTS1211 R1a-CTS1211 15%, I-DF29 I1-DF29 15%
YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

YFull

Recent kin across borders #

Shared young paternal branches: YFull customers from this country and from the partner country have a common paternal-line ancestor no older than 500 years. The comparison accounts for how linked a country is abroad overall: shown are partners with more shared branches than its general openness would give. It reflects recent migration and shared ancestry, not ethnicity.

Recent kin across borders
Country shared branches expected × chance?
Poland 7 0.89 7.8 unlikely by chance p < 0.001
Lithuania 5 0.75 6.7 unlikely by chance p < 0.001
YFull

Paternal and maternal lines together #

Members of this people with both lines known on YFull. For each “Y branch × mt branch” combination, how many times it occurred and how many would be expected if the two lines had nothing to do with each other. Y and mt pairs → n=94

Most frequent combinations

Y × mt: line combinations · Most frequent combinations
Y mt pairs expected by chance × chance?
R1a-M458 T2a 3 0.8 3.92 could be chance p = 0.015

Ancient relatives of male lines #

Which cultures of the Copper Age and Early Bronze Age (4000–2000 BCE) the local male lines lead to most closely. The share is how many kits lead to a culture; the range is in brackets.

Czech Republic Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: 59.3% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture ≈ 2,000–2,600 BCE 59%? 41%
Czech Republic Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · R1a: 30.8% R1a Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1a → R1a 23.1% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1a → R1a 3.9% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1a → R1a 2.3% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1a → R1a 1.5% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · R1b: 21.9% R1b Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1b → R1b 16.9% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1b → R1b 3.1% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: R1b → R1b 1.9% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · I1: 1.5% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: I1 → I1 1.5% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · I2a: 1.1% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: I2a → I2a 1.1% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · I2b: 0.4% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: I2b → I2b 0.4% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · N: 2.2% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: N → N 2.2% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture · I2: 0.3% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Bell Beaker culture: I2 → I2 0.3% R1a 34% R1b 27% E1b1b 7% I1 7% I2a 6% G2a 3% J2a 2% … 11%
Left: the major branches through which the lines lead to a culture; right: all major branches. Grey: the part of a branch without ancient relatives of this era.
How it is counted
  • Branches of the era. We take the ancient samples whose date falls inside the era, and compare the lines as they stood 1,500 years before the era ends.
  • A culture’s profile is the share of its lines on those branches. The number of samples does not change a weight: a culture of seven men weighs as much as one of a hundred and twenty.
  • A shallow test. An ancient man typed above the cut is spread over the branches under his node, by how many men each holds now. Today’s kits are treated the same way.
  • Who is admitted. A culture takes part when its sharply typed men cover 25% of the population on their own: branch by branch we add the smaller of the two shares, the culture’s and the population’s. One dug within 550 km needs only 0.5%.
  • The shares. We pick the weights of the cultures so that their mixture comes as close as it can to today’s set of branches.
  • Look-alike cultures. When cultures share almost all their branches, the data cannot say whose kin the men are. So we do not split the share between them: they get one bar.
  • The range. We recount everything on random subsets of the samples. In brackets are the bounds the share keeps in nine runs out of ten. A share that can fall below 5%, or below half of itself, is not shown at all.
  • “Fragile”: the share rests on a few samples, or a random shuffle of cultures gives as much.

What it does not mean. This is kinship of male lines, not the origin of a people. The female lines say nothing here. Who takes a test is a matter of chance, so the shares compare between countries, not with a census.

Other eras: Early Middle Ages — Avars 31%.

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 240 samples by Y-DNA and 123 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 29,205 BCE, U5.

Únětice culture 55 · La Tène culture 36 · Bell Beaker culture 31 · Corded Ware culture 29 · Medieval Moravian 20

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 2,371 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 1,198 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 254 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 102 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Czech Republic: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/czech-republic/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.