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Sweden: haplogroups

FamilyTreeDNA has 12,231 kits with a Y-DNA result and 9,359 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are I1-DF29 — 41%, R1b-L51 — 20% and R1a-Z282 — 14%. On the maternal line the most common are H — 44%, U — 18% and J1 — 7%. YFull has 1,426 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is almost the same. The largest gap is I1-Z59: 13% on FTDNA against 21% on YFull.

Compare with…
230
Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men
rank 5 of 123 among countries. About 5.3 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives
88.7
mtDNA · kits per 100,000 people
rank 3 of 93 among countries. About 11 million people (UN, 2023)

Paternal line · Y-DNA

12,231 kits · 30 branches
Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).
I
5,928 · 48.5% 35k years
I1
5,501 · 45.0% 20k years
DF29
4,989 · 40.8% 4,500 years
L22
2,411 · 19.7% 3,900 years
Z2338
1,825 · 14.9% 3,800 years
CTS6868
973 · 8.0% 3,800 years
Z59
1,622 · 13.3% 4,300 years
I2
421 · 3.4% 25k years
I2b-CTS616
305 · 2.5% 13k years
R
4,478 · 36.6% 28k years
R1b-L51
2,465 · 20.2% 6,100 years
U106
1,312 · 10.7% 5,000 years
Z18
478 · 3.9% 4,300 years
L48
444 · 3.6% 4,500 years
Z9
273 · 2.2% 4,200 years
P312
994 · 8.1% 4,900 years
L21
342 · 2.8% 4,700 years
DF13
287 · 2.3% 4,600 years
DF27
241 · 2.0% 4,700 years
U152
213 · 1.7% 4,700 years
R1a-M198
1,931 · 15.8% 8,500 years
Z282
1,688 · 13.8% 4,800 years
Z284
1,350 · 11.0% 4,200 years
S4458
813 · 6.6% 3,800 years
N1a-M178
885 · 7.2% 14k years
N-CTS2929
569 · 4.7% 4,000 years
N-Z1936
265 · 2.2% 4,500 years
Z1933
198 · 1.6% 2,400 years
Q
419 · 3.4% 30k years
G2a
194 · 1.6% 19k years
other
327 · 2.7%

Among the rest: E 151, J 123, T 16, L 6, H 5, A 1.

Maternal line · mtDNA

9,359 kits · 30 branches
Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.
H
4,108 · 43.9% 11k years
H1
1,579 · 16.9% 7,900 years
H1-T16189C!
355 · 3.8%
H1a
320 · 3.4% 4,800 years
H1c
268 · 2.9% 5,300 years
H2a
527 · 5.6% 8,000 years
H2a1
284 · 3.0% 7,000 years
H3
332 · 3.5% 6,700 years
H5'36
241 · 2.6% 8,500 years
H6
234 · 2.5% 11k years
U
1,671 · 17.9% 51k years
U5a'b
975 · 10.4% 30k years
U5a
566 · 6.0% 21k years
U5a1
398 · 4.3% 13k years
U5b
409 · 4.4% 25k years
U5b1
289 · 3.1% 15k years
U5b1-T16189C!
273 · 2.9%
U2'3'4'7'8'9
605 · 6.5% 50k years
U4
312 · 3.3% 22k years
T
856 · 9.1% 20k years
T2
630 · 6.7% 15k years
T2b
365 · 3.9% 8,500 years
J
818 · 8.7% 35k years
J1
635 · 6.8% 28k years
J1c
557 · 6.0% 13k years
K
694 · 7.4% 29k years
K1
599 · 6.4% 23k years
K1a
309 · 3.3% 11k years
V
324 · 3.5% 7,500 years
I
264 · 2.8% 17k years
other
624 · 6.7%

Among the rest: W 165, HV 164, X 161, Z 36, N 29, L 22, R 15, C 12, G 11, M 7, D 2.

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself. Above the map you can pick the paternal line (Y-DNA) or the maternal one (mtDNA).

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

Loading the map…

The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Sweden: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • I-BY266: 926 kits · 7.6% (95% confidence interval: 7–8%) (×14.6) 2,000 years
  • I-L813: 609 kits · 5.0% (95% confidence interval: 5–5%) (×8.7) 2,900 years
  • I-S7660: 466 kits · 3.8% (95% confidence interval: 3–4%) (×8.3) 2,900 years
  • I-CTS6364: 2,882 kits · 23.6% (95% confidence interval: 23–24%) (×6.4) 4,200 years
  • I-L22 I1-L22: 2,411 kits · 19.7% (95% confidence interval: 19–20%) (×6.4) 3,900 years
  • I-P109: 773 kits · 6.3% (95% confidence interval: 6–7%) (×7.4) 3,600 years
  • R-Z284 R1a-Z284: 1,350 kits · 11.0% (95% confidence interval: 10–12%) (×6.8) 4,200 years
  • I-Z2338 I1-Z2338: 1,825 kits · 14.9% (95% confidence interval: 14–16%) (×6.3) 3,800 years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

1–8%9–14%15–30%31–43%44–89%Swedenunder 100 kits
All 112 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Norway 89%
  2. Denmark 79%
  3. England 64%
  4. United Kingdom 62%
  5. United States 61%
  6. Netherlands 61%
  7. Germany 60%
  8. Scotland 57%
  9. Canada 57%
  10. Estonia 55%
  11. Belgium 55%
  12. France 52%
  13. Switzerland 51%
  14. Finland 51%
  15. Australia 50%
  16. Northern Ireland 49%
  17. Wales 48%
  18. Czech Republic 47%
  19. Austria 46%
  20. Poland 45%
  21. Hungary 45%
  22. Ireland 44%
  23. Russia 43%
  24. United States (Native American) 43%
  25. Iceland 42%
  26. England (Cornish) 41%
  27. Slovakia 40%
  28. Italy 38%
  29. South Africa 37%
  30. Portugal 36%
  31. Slovenia 36%
  32. Spain 36%
  33. Ukraine 36%
  34. Latvia 34%
  35. Lithuania 33%
  36. Brazil 33%
  37. Isle of Man 32%
  38. Romania 32%
  39. Luxembourg 32%
  40. Bulgaria 31%
  41. New Zealand 31%
  42. Puerto Rico 30%
  43. Croatia 30%
  44. Mordovia 30%
  45. Belarus 30%
  46. Jamaica 29%
  47. Serbia 28%
  48. Mexico 28%
  49. Greece 27%
  50. Macedonia 26%
  51. Cuba 26%
  52. Tatarstan 26%
  53. Bosnia and Herzegovina 25%
  54. Colombia 24%
  55. Argentina 23%
  56. Italy (Sicily) 22%
  57. Moldova 21%
  58. Karelia 20%
  59. Chuvashia 20%
  60. Turkey 20%
  61. Albania 19%
  62. Montenegro 19%
  63. Bashkortostan 19%
  64. Chile 18%
  65. Dominican Republic 16%
  66. Israel 16%
  67. Peru 15%
  68. Lebanon 14%
  69. Azerbaijan 14%
  70. Armenia 13%
  71. Kazakhstan 13%
  72. Afghanistan 13%
  73. Georgia 13%
  74. Iran 12%
  75. India 12%
  76. Dagestan 11%
  77. Syria 11%
  78. Uzbekistan 11%
  79. Morocco 11%
  80. Iraq 11%
  81. Tajikistan 10%
  82. Adygea 10%
  83. Egypt 10%
  84. Pakistan 10%
  85. Palestine 10%
  86. Algeria 9%
  87. Kuwait 8%
  88. Qatar 8%
  89. Bahrain 8%
  90. United Arab Emirates 8%
  91. Tunisia 8%
  92. Jordan 8%
  93. Saudi Arabia 8%
  94. Sri Lanka 6%
  95. Indonesia 6%
  96. Libya 6%
  97. Philippines 6%
  98. Chechnya 5%
  99. Yemen 5%
  100. Oman 5%
  101. Sudan 4%
  102. Mongolia 4%
  103. China 3%
  104. Orstkhoy (Aosta Valley in FTDNA) 3%
  105. Nigeria 3%
  106. Japan 2%
  107. Ingushetia 2%
  108. South Korea 2%
  109. Cameroon 1%
  110. Somalia 1%
  111. Ghana 1%
  112. Vietnam 1%

Sweden: mtDNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • H1s: 29 kits · 0.3% (95% confidence interval: 0–0%) (×8.1)
  • H71: 10 kits · 0.1% (95% confidence interval: 0–0%) (×10.3)
  • H3q: 18 kits · 0.2% (95% confidence interval: 0–0%) (×5.3)
  • U8a: 100 kits · 1.1% (95% confidence interval: 1–1%) (×3.2)
  • H1o: 20 kits · 0.2% (95% confidence interval: 0–0%) (×4.7)
  • Z1a: 36 kits · 0.4% (95% confidence interval: 0–1%) (×3.9)
  • H6c: 38 kits · 0.4% (95% confidence interval: 0–1%) (×3.4)
  • H52: 46 kits · 0.5% (95% confidence interval: 0–1%) (×3.2)

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

0–28%29–52%53–73%74–84%85–92%Swedenunder 100 kits
All 71 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Germany 92%
  2. England 91%
  3. United Kingdom 91%
  4. Norway 91%
  5. Scotland 89%
  6. Denmark 88%
  7. Ireland 88%
  8. United States 88%
  9. Netherlands 87%
  10. Czech Republic 87%
  11. Switzerland 86%
  12. France 86%
  13. Wales 85%
  14. Poland 85%
  15. Russia 84%
  16. Austria 83%
  17. Belgium 83%
  18. Northern Ireland 82%
  19. Hungary 82%
  20. Finland 82%
  21. Slovakia 81%
  22. Canada 81%
  23. Estonia 80%
  24. Italy 77%
  25. Ukraine 77%
  26. Slovenia 76%
  27. Australia 74%
  28. Croatia 73%
  29. Portugal 73%
  30. Lithuania 72%
  31. Bulgaria 71%
  32. Romania 70%
  33. Serbia 70%
  34. Latvia 68%
  35. Spain 67%
  36. Greece 66%
  37. Belarus 66%
  38. United States (Native American) 65%
  39. Bosnia and Herzegovina 64%
  40. Moldova 56%
  41. Turkey 54%
  42. Algeria 52%
  43. Chechnya 52%
  44. Armenia 47%
  45. Morocco 46%
  46. Syria 46%
  47. New Zealand 46%
  48. Lebanon 45%
  49. Israel 43%
  50. South Africa 38%
  51. Cuba 36%
  52. Iran 36%
  53. Brazil 35%
  54. Iraq 35%
  55. Egypt 34%
  56. Saudi Arabia 33%
  57. Kuwait 28%
  58. United Arab Emirates 27%
  59. Argentina 22%
  60. Dominican Republic 21%
  61. India 20%
  62. Mexico 19%
  63. Puerto Rico 17%
  64. Canada (First Nations) 14%
  65. China 8%
  66. Jamaica 7%
  67. Chile 7%
  68. Colombia 4%
  69. Japan 3%
  70. South Korea 0%
  71. Philippines 0%
YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

12,231
FTDNA
kits
1,426
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
I I-L758
48.5% · 50.3%+1.8
I1 I-M253
45.0% · 46.8%+1.8
DF29 I-DF29
40.8% · 46.4%+5.6
I2 I-P215
3.4% · 3.5%+0.1
I2b-CTS616 I-CTS616
2.5% · 2.3%−0.2
R R-M207
36.6% · 35.2%−1.4
R1b-L51 R-L51
20.2% · 19.8%−0.3
U106 R-U106
10.7% · 9.8%−0.9
P312 R-P312
8.1% · 9.5%+1.3
R1a-M198 R-M198
15.8% · 15.0%−0.8
Z282 R-Z282
13.8% · 13.6%−0.2
N1a-M178 N-M178
7.2% · 6.7%−0.5
N-CTS2929
4.7% · 5.0%+0.3
N-Z1936
2.2% · 1.7%−0.5
Z1933 N-Z1933
1.6% · 1.1%−0.6
Q Q-M242
3.4% · 2.9%−0.6
G2a G-P15
1.6% · 2.5%+0.9

mtDNA

9,359
FTDNA
kits
562
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
H
43.9% · 41.5%−2.4
H1
16.9% · 14.4%−2.5
H1-T16189C!
3.8% · 3.4%−0.4
H1a
3.4% · 3.4%0
H1c
2.9% · 2.0%−0.9
H2a
5.6% · 4.3%−1.4
H2a1
3.0% · 2.8%−0.2
H3
3.5% · 3.6%0
H5'36
2.6% · 2.0%−0.6
H6
2.5% · 2.8%+0.3
U
17.9% · 16.7%−1.1
U5a'b
10.4% · 9.4%−1
U5a
6.0% · 4.1%−2
U5b
4.4% · 5.3%+1
U2'3'4'7'8'9
6.5% · 6.9%+0.5
U4
3.3% · 3.6%+0.2
T
9.1% · 11.0%+1.9
T2
6.7% · 9.3%+2.5
T2b
3.9% · 5.0%+1.1
J
8.7% · 9.4%+0.7
J1
6.8% · 6.6%−0.2
J1c
6.0% · 5.7%−0.3
K
7.4% · 6.6%−0.8
K1
6.4% · 5.2%−1.2
K1a
3.3% · 1.8%−1.5
V
3.5% · 3.9%+0.5
I
2.8% · 3.0%+0.2

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 12,231 · Projects 5,402

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
I I-L758
48.5% · 47.8%−0.6
I1 I-M253
45.0% · 41.6%−3.3
DF29 I-DF29
40.8% · 37.8%−3
L22 I-L22
19.7% · 17.9%−1.8
Z2338 I-Z2338
14.9% · 13.6%−1.3
CTS6868 I-CTS6868
8.0% · 7.5%−0.4
Z59 I-Z59
13.3% · 12.7%−0.6
R R-M207
36.6% · 36.0%−0.6
R1b-L51 R-L51
20.2% · 17.8%−2.4
U106 R-U106
10.7% · 9.4%−1.3
P312 R-P312
8.1% · 7.5%−0.6
R1a-M198 R-M198
15.8% · 16.2%+0.4
Z282 R-Z282
13.8% · 13.6%−0.2
Z284 R-Z284
11.0% · 11.1%+0.1

mtDNA FTDNA 9,359 · Projects 4,628

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
H
43.9% · 43.1%−0.8
H1
16.9% · 15.2%−1.7
H2a
5.6% · 5.6%−0.1
U
17.9% · 17.2%−0.7
U5a'b
10.4% · 9.2%−1.3
U5a
6.0% · 5.3%−0.8
U2'3'4'7'8'9
6.5% · 5.9%−0.5
T
9.1% · 9.1%0
T2
6.7% · 6.6%−0.2
J
8.7% · 8.9%+0.1
J1
6.8% · 6.4%−0.4
J1c
6.0% · 5.6%−0.4
K
7.4% · 7.9%+0.5
K1
6.4% · 6.5%+0.1
5,579
Y-DNA · People on the map
5,402 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 5,446 such votes
89%
Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed
that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs
4,628
mtDNA · People on the map
4,628 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 4,576 such votes
95%
agreement with YFull · Y
how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.
I-Z59 +7.4
gap to YFull · Y
the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 13.3%, YFull 20.7%
31% / 21%
reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA
share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 38.2 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 33.7
21%
Y-DNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
32%
Big Y
rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.
40%
mtDNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
0.77
mt to Y
mtDNA kits per one Y-DNA kit. Below 0.3 means the country tests almost only the paternal line.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+38
Y-DNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12
+32
mtDNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-12 → 2026-11-11
+3
Y-DNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02
+1
mtDNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02

Y-DNA: branches that grew

mtDNA: branches that grew

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

New mtDNA samples in YFull

YFull

Regions on YFull #

Regions that cannot be picked at FTDNA but are reported by YFull customers. Regions with 20 or more samples are shown; modern YFull customers only. YFull regions →

Regions on YFull
Country / region Y mt Leading
Vastra Gotalands lan SE-O 180 94 I-DF29 I1-DF29 39%, R-L51 R1b-L51 25%, R-Z284 R1a-Z284 12%
Skane lan SE-M 129 44 I-DF29 I1-DF29 41%, R-L51 R1b-L51 17%, R-Z282 R1a-Z282 16%
Vasterbottens lan SE-AC 115 28 I-DF29 I1-DF29 43%, R-M198 R1a-M198 17%, G-L497 G2a-L497 12%
Dalarnas lan SE-W 114 53 I-CTS6868 I1-CTS6868 26%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 26%, R-Z284 R1a-Z284 16%
Jamtlands lan SE-Z 103 11 I-Z59 I1-Z59 53%, R-L51 R1b-L51 21%, R-Z284 R1a-Z284 14%
Varmlands lan SE-S 86 27 R-L51 R1b-L51 38%, R-Z282 R1a-Z282 16%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 15%
Vasternorrlands lan SE-Y 81 43 I-Z59 I1-Z59 46%, R-Z284 R1a-Z284 21%, R-L51 R1b-L51 21%
Norrbottens lan SE-BD 69 31 R-DF13 R1b-DF13 17%, I-L22 I1-L22 16%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 14%
Stockholms lan SE-AB 50 21 I-L22 I1-L22 20%, N-CTS2929 N-CTS2929 16%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 12%
Ostergotlands lan SE-E 49 22 I-L22 I1-L22 29%, R-L51 R1b-L51 20%, N-CTS2929 N-CTS2929 14%
Jonkopings lan SE-F 45 20 R-L51 R1b-L51 31%, I-CTS6868 I1-CTS6868 18%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 13%
Uppsala lan SE-C 45 17 I-L22 I1-L22 27%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 20%, N-CTS2929 N-CTS2929 11%
Orebro lan SE-T 45 17 R-L51 R1b-L51 16%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 13%, R-S4458 R1a-S4458 13%
Kronobergs lan SE-G 43 11 I-L22 I1-L22 21%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 14%, R-S4458 R1a-S4458 9%
Kalmar lan SE-H 41 23 I-DF29 I1-DF29 59%, R-L51 R1b-L51 15%, I-P37 I2a 7%
Gavleborgs lan SE-X 37 18 I-DF29 I1-DF29 41%, R-S4458 R1a-S4458 22%, R-Z18 R1b-Z18 8%
Blekinge lan SE-K 27 7 I-DF29 I1-DF29 41%, I-CTS616 I2b-CTS616 11%, Q-M242 Q 11%
Sodermanlands lan SE-D 26 15 N-CTS2929 N-CTS2929 27%, R-Z284 R1a-Z284 15%, R-L51 R1b-L51 15%
Hallands lan SE-N 24 7 R-Z284 R1a-Z284 17%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 17%, Q-M242 Q 17%
Vastmanlands lan SE-U 24 7 I-Z2338 I1-Z2338 25%, I-Z59 I1-Z59 17%, R-M207 R 17%
YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

YFull

Recent kin across borders #

Shared young paternal branches: YFull customers from this country and from the partner country have a common paternal-line ancestor no older than 500 years. The comparison accounts for how linked a country is abroad overall: shown are partners with more shared branches than its general openness would give. It reflects recent migration and shared ancestry, not ethnicity.

Recent kin across borders
Country shared branches expected × chance?
Finland 15 0.40 37.9 unlikely by chance p < 0.001
Norway 14 0.36 38.7 unlikely by chance p < 0.001
YFull

Paternal and maternal lines together #

Members of this people with both lines known on YFull. For each “Y branch × mt branch” combination, how many times it occurred and how many would be expected if the two lines had nothing to do with each other. Y and mt pairs → n=433

Most frequent combinations

Y × mt: line combinations · Most frequent combinations
Y mt pairs expected by chance × chance?
I1-Z59 H2a 6 3.0 2.01 could be chance p = 0.059
I1-CTS6868 H1a 4 2.2 1.79 could be chance p = 0.173
I1-Z2338 U5b 4 1.6 2.46 could be chance p = 0.070
I1-Z59 H1a 4 3.7 1.09 could be chance p = 0.520
I1-Z59 U5b 4 5.6 0.71 could be chance p = 0.848
I1-CTS6868 T2f 3 0.7 4.03 could be chance p = 0.029
I1-CTS6868 U5b 3 3.4 0.88 could be chance p = 0.685
I1-DF29 K2a 3 0.3 8.66 unlikely by chance p = 0.003

Ancient relatives of male lines #

Which cultures of the Early Middle Ages (1st–8th centuries) the local male lines lead to most closely. The share is how many kits lead to a culture; the range is in brackets.

Sweden Iron Age Scandinavian: 32.3% Iron Age Scandinavian ≈ 100 CE · lines: 148 32%? Viking Age Estonian: 16.9% Viking Age Estonian ≈ 800 CE · lines: 28 17%? 51%
Sweden Iron Age Scandinavian Iron Age Scandinavian · I1: 15.5% I1 Iron Age Scandinavian: I1 → I1 15.5% Iron Age Scandinavian · R1b: 5.7% R1b Iron Age Scandinavian: R1b → R1b 5.7% Iron Age Scandinavian · R1a: 6.5% R1a Iron Age Scandinavian: R1a → R1a 6.5% Iron Age Scandinavian · N: 3.2% Iron Age Scandinavian: N → N 3.2% Iron Age Scandinavian · I2b: 1.2% Iron Age Scandinavian: I2b → I2b 1.2% Viking Age Estonian Viking Age Estonian · I1: 13.1% I1 Viking Age Estonian: I1 → I1 13.1% Viking Age Estonian · R1a: 2.2% Viking Age Estonian: R1a → R1a 2.2% Viking Age Estonian · N: 1.6% Viking Age Estonian: N → N 1.6% I1 45% R1b 21% R1a 16% N 7% Q 3% G2a 2%
Left: the major branches through which the lines lead to a culture; right: all major branches. Grey: the part of a branch without ancient relatives of this era.
How it is counted
  • Branches of the era. We take the ancient samples whose date falls inside the era, and compare the lines as they stood 1,500 years before the era ends.
  • A culture’s profile is the share of its lines on those branches. The number of samples does not change a weight: a culture of seven men weighs as much as one of a hundred and twenty.
  • A shallow test. An ancient man typed above the cut is spread over the branches under his node, by how many men each holds now. Today’s kits are treated the same way.
  • Who is admitted. A culture takes part when its sharply typed men cover 25% of the population on their own: branch by branch we add the smaller of the two shares, the culture’s and the population’s. One dug within 550 km needs only 0.5%.
  • The shares. We pick the weights of the cultures so that their mixture comes as close as it can to today’s set of branches.
  • Look-alike cultures. When cultures share almost all their branches, the data cannot say whose kin the men are. So we do not split the share between them: they get one bar.
  • The range. We recount everything on random subsets of the samples. In brackets are the bounds the share keeps in nine runs out of ten. A share that can fall below 5%, or below half of itself, is not shown at all.
  • “Fragile”: the share rests on a few samples, or a random shuffle of cultures gives as much.

What it does not mean. This is kinship of male lines, not the origin of a people. The female lines say nothing here. Who takes a test is a matter of chance, so the shares compare between countries, not with a census.

Other eras: Copper Age and Early Bronze Age — Neolithic Scandinavian 59%.

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 313 samples by Y-DNA and 98 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 7,925 BCE, Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer.

Viking Age Swedish 144 · Funnel Beaker culture 61 · Iron Age Scandinavian 23 · Pitted Ware culture 15 · Historical Swedish 14

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 12,231 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 9,359 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 1,426 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 562 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Sweden: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/sweden/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.