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Egypt: haplogroups

FamilyTreeDNA has 623 kits with a Y-DNA result and 108 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are J1 — 38%, E1b1b-M35 — 23% and J2 — 10%. On the maternal line the most common are L3 — 17%, H — 17% and U — 10%. YFull has 257 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is broadly the same. The largest gap is J1-FGC11: 17% on FTDNA against 28% on YFull.

Compare with…
1.1
Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men
rank 98 of 123 among countries. About 58 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives
0.1
mtDNA · kits per 100,000 people
rank 87 of 93 among countries. About 115 million people (UN, 2023)

Mitotree, the mt tree of FTDNA Discover, has about 59 more samples from here that the public mt tree lacks: mostly academic studies, GenBank among them (copy of 11 November 2026). This page is built from the public FTDNA tree.

Paternal line · Y-DNA

623 kits · 30 branches
Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).
J
300 · 48.2% 30k years
J1
238 · 38.2% 19k years
P58
182 · 29.2% 9,800 years
L858
166 · 26.6% 4,900 years
FGC11
107 · 17.2% 4,800 years
FGC1707
66 · 10.6% 2,700 years
L859
27 · 4.3% 1,500 years
J2
62 · 10.0% 28k years
J2a
41 · 6.6% 20k years
Z2222
15 · 2.4% 16k years
L24
12 · 1.9% 14k years
M67
12 · 1.9% 13k years
E
156 · 25.0% 52k years
E1b1b-M35
141 · 22.6% 25k years
E-M78
57 · 9.1% 15k years
V22
25 · 4.0% 8,700 years
V12
23 · 3.7% 11k years
E-Z830
36 · 5.8% 20k years
M123
31 · 5.0% 18k years
M34
27 · 4.3% 15k years
M84
23 · 3.7% 9,500 years
E-M81
19 · 3.0% 4,500 years
PF2546
16 · 2.6% 2,400 years
T
54 · 8.7% 28k years
R
41 · 6.6% 28k years
R1b-M269
15 · 2.4% 6,500 years
L23
12 · 1.9% 6,400 years
R1a-M198
13 · 2.1% 8,500 years
G
30 · 4.8% 28k years
G2a
19 · 3.0% 19k years
other
42 · 6.7%

Among the rest: A 15, I 8, L 8, B 6, Q 4, H 1.

Maternal line · mtDNA

108 kits · 23 branches
Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.
L2'3'4'6
32 · 29.6% 97k years
L3'4
21 · 19.4% 80k years
L3
18 · 16.7% 66k years
L3e2
4 of 108 15k years
L3f1b-C16292T
3 of 108
L2a1
7 · 6.5% 15k years
L2a1-G143A
4 of 108
H
18 · 16.7% 11k years
H7
3 of 108 6,800 years
H14
3 of 108 9,400 years
U
11 · 10.2% 51k years
U5a1
3 of 108 13k years
U6a
3 of 108 23k years
U7
3 of 108 14k years
T
10 · 9.3% 20k years
T2
5 · 4.6% 15k years
T1a-T152C!
3 of 108
J1
5 · 4.6% 28k years
N1b1a
4 of 108 15k years
L0a1a
3 of 108 13k years
M1a1
3 of 108 13k years
I
3 of 108 17k years
K1a4
3 of 108 11k years
other
16 · 14.8%

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself.

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

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The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Egypt: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • J-YSC0000076: 55 kits · 8.8% (95% confidence interval: 7–11%) (×19.5) 4,500 years
  • J-FGC5: 47 kits · 7.5% (95% confidence interval: 6–10%) (×13.0) 1,900 years
  • J-FGC1: 37 kits · 5.9% (95% confidence interval: 4–8%) (×11.1) 1,800 years
  • J-L858 J1-L858: 166 kits · 26.6% (95% confidence interval: 23–30%) (×6.5) 4,900 years
  • E-V22 E-V22: 25 kits · 4.0% (95% confidence interval: 3–6%) (×9.5) 8,700 years
  • J-M267 J1: 238 kits · 38.2% (95% confidence interval: 34–42%) (×5.5) 19k years
  • T-M70: 53 kits · 8.5% (95% confidence interval: 7–11%) (×6.8) 17k years
  • T-CTS11451: 31 kits · 5.0% (95% confidence interval: 4–7%) (×7.8) 8,700 years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

2–14%15–26%27–36%37–55%56–82%Egyptunder 100 kits
All 112 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Palestine 82%
  2. Syria 77%
  3. Iraq 77%
  4. Jordan 76%
  5. Lebanon 75%
  6. Sudan 72%
  7. Saudi Arabia 71%
  8. Kuwait 70%
  9. Bahrain 70%
  10. Iran 68%
  11. United Arab Emirates 67%
  12. Qatar 66%
  13. Libya 65%
  14. Turkey 64%
  15. Tunisia 63%
  16. Israel 62%
  17. Yemen 60%
  18. Morocco 59%
  19. Algeria 59%
  20. Greece 59%
  21. Azerbaijan 57%
  22. Oman 56%
  23. Romania 55%
  24. Italy 54%
  25. Armenia 54%
  26. Belarus 49%
  27. Ukraine 48%
  28. Spain 47%
  29. Italy (Sicily) 46%
  30. Hungary 46%
  31. Lithuania 45%
  32. Portugal 45%
  33. Georgia 44%
  34. Austria 43%
  35. Moldova 43%
  36. Russia 43%
  37. Brazil 42%
  38. Uzbekistan 42%
  39. Bulgaria 40%
  40. Tajikistan 40%
  41. Latvia 40%
  42. Poland 39%
  43. Mexico 36%
  44. Somalia 36%
  45. Colombia 36%
  46. Puerto Rico 35%
  47. Slovakia 34%
  48. Dagestan 33%
  49. Pakistan 33%
  50. Cuba 33%
  51. Germany 33%
  52. Switzerland 32%
  53. Afghanistan 32%
  54. Czech Republic 31%
  55. France 31%
  56. Kazakhstan 30%
  57. Netherlands 30%
  58. India 29%
  59. Adygea 29%
  60. Macedonia 29%
  61. Belgium 29%
  62. Dominican Republic 28%
  63. Argentina 28%
  64. Chile 28%
  65. Chechnya 27%
  66. Albania 26%
  67. Croatia 26%
  68. Serbia 26%
  69. South Africa 25%
  70. Bashkortostan 23%
  71. United States 23%
  72. United Kingdom 23%
  73. Sri Lanka 23%
  74. Peru 22%
  75. England 22%
  76. Luxembourg 22%
  77. Tatarstan 21%
  78. Jamaica 19%
  79. United States (Native American) 19%
  80. Cameroon 19%
  81. Slovenia 19%
  82. Ingushetia 19%
  83. Wales 18%
  84. Denmark 18%
  85. Canada 18%
  86. Bosnia and Herzegovina 17%
  87. Scotland 16%
  88. Australia 16%
  89. Montenegro 16%
  90. Ireland 14%
  91. China 13%
  92. Northern Ireland 12%
  93. Chuvashia 12%
  94. Nigeria 12%
  95. Mordovia 12%
  96. Orstkhoy (Aosta Valley in FTDNA) 11%
  97. Ghana 10%
  98. Sweden 10%
  99. Indonesia 10%
  100. Norway 9%
  101. England (Cornish) 9%
  102. Mongolia 9%
  103. New Zealand 9%
  104. Estonia 7%
  105. Philippines 7%
  106. Iceland 6%
  107. Japan 5%
  108. Finland 5%
  109. Karelia 4%
  110. South Korea 3%
  111. Vietnam 3%
  112. Isle of Man 2%

Of the five most similar countries by the paternal and by the maternal line, 1 coincide. The male and female lines may have different histories here, or a diaspora is showing.

Egypt: mtDNA #

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

0–29%30–37%38–40%41–44%45–59%Egyptunder 100 kits
All 71 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Israel 59%
  2. Algeria 54%
  3. Saudi Arabia 54%
  4. Syria 53%
  5. Morocco 52%
  6. Kuwait 50%
  7. Italy 48%
  8. Iraq 48%
  9. Jamaica 47%
  10. Turkey 46%
  11. Portugal 46%
  12. United States 45%
  13. United States (Native American) 45%
  14. Dominican Republic 45%
  15. Lebanon 44%
  16. Armenia 43%
  17. Spain 43%
  18. Greece 43%
  19. France 42%
  20. Romania 41%
  21. Bulgaria 41%
  22. Ukraine 41%
  23. Brazil 41%
  24. Cuba 41%
  25. South Africa 41%
  26. Hungary 40%
  27. Iran 40%
  28. Poland 40%
  29. United Arab Emirates 40%
  30. Russia 40%
  31. Belgium 39%
  32. Belarus 39%
  33. Austria 39%
  34. Chechnya 39%
  35. Lithuania 39%
  36. Germany 38%
  37. United Kingdom 37%
  38. Netherlands 37%
  39. Czech Republic 37%
  40. Scotland 37%
  41. England 37%
  42. Slovakia 37%
  43. Switzerland 37%
  44. Ireland 36%
  45. Canada 35%
  46. Northern Ireland 35%
  47. Norway 34%
  48. Sweden 34%
  49. Bosnia and Herzegovina 34%
  50. Wales 34%
  51. Moldova 33%
  52. Latvia 33%
  53. Croatia 33%
  54. Denmark 32%
  55. Serbia 31%
  56. Australia 31%
  57. Slovenia 29%
  58. Estonia 28%
  59. Finland 27%
  60. Puerto Rico 27%
  61. New Zealand 22%
  62. India 16%
  63. Colombia 16%
  64. Mexico 16%
  65. Argentina 15%
  66. Chile 6%
  67. Canada (First Nations) 6%
  68. China 5%
  69. Japan 2%
  70. Philippines 0%
  71. South Korea 0%

Of the five most similar countries by the paternal and by the maternal line, 1 coincide. The male and female lines may have different histories here, or a diaspora is showing.

YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

623
FTDNA
kits
257
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
J J-M304
48.2% · 47.5%−0.7
J1 J-M267
38.2% · 38.5%+0.3
P58 J-P58
29.2% · 38.1%+8.9
J2 J-M172
10.0% · 8.9%−1
J2a J-M410
6.6% · 7.0%+0.4
E E-M96
25.0% · 34.2%+9.2
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
22.6% · 29.6%+6.9
E-M78
9.1% · 15.2%+6
E-Z830 E-CTS10298
5.8% · 10.5%+4.7
E-M81
3.0% · 3.5%+0.5
T T-M184
8.7% · 5.1%−3.6
R R-M207
6.6% · 4.7%−1.9
R1b-M269 R-M269
2.4% · 1.2%−1.2
L23 R-L23
1.9% · 1.2%−0.8
R1a-M198 R-M198
2.1% · 1.2%−0.9
G G-M201
4.8% · 3.9%−0.9
G2a G-P15
3.0% · 3.9%+0.8

mtDNA

108
FTDNA
kits
55
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
L2'3'4'6
29.6% · 20.0%−9.6
L3'4
19.4% · 16.4%−3.1
L3
16.7% · 10.9%−5.8
L2a1
6.5% · 3.6%−2.8
L2a1-G143A
3.7% · 3.6%−0.1
H
16.7% · 16.4%−0.3
H7
2.8% · 0.0%−2.8
H14
2.8% · 5.5%+2.7
U
10.2% · 18.2%+8
U5a1
2.8% · 0.0%−2.8
U6a
2.8% · 5.5%+2.7
U7
2.8% · 0.0%−2.8
T
9.3% · 5.5%−3.8
T2
4.6% · 3.6%−1
T1a-T152C!
2.8% · 1.8%−1
J1
4.6% · 3.6%−1
N1b1a
3.7% · 5.5%+1.8
L0a1a
2.8% · 0.0%−2.8
M1a1
2.8% · 1.8%−1
I
2.8% · 1.8%−1
K1a4
2.8% · 1.8%−1

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 623 · Projects 88

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
J J-M304
48.2% · 52.3%+4.1
J1 J-M267
38.2% · 40.9%+2.7
P58 J-P58
29.2% · 33.0%+3.7
L858 J-L858
26.6% · 26.1%−0.5
FGC11 J-FGC11
17.2% · 18.2%+1
FGC1707 J-FGC1707
10.6% · 9.1%−1.5
J2 J-M172
10.0% · 11.4%+1.4
J2a J-M410
6.6% · 9.1%+2.5
E E-M96
25.0% · 22.7%−2.3
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
22.6% · 19.3%−3.3
E-M78
9.1% · 5.7%−3.5
E-Z830 E-CTS10298
5.8% · 5.7%−0.1
T T-M184
8.7% · 4.5%−4.1
R R-M207
6.6% · 5.7%−0.9
91
Y-DNA · People on the map
88 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 91 such votes
85%
Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed
that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs
81%
agreement with YFull · Y
how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.
J-FGC11 +10.5
gap to YFull · Y
the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 17.2%, YFull 27.6%
32% / 21%
reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA
share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 34.5 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 27.7
21%
Y-DNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
38%
Big Y
rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.
31%
mtDNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+6
Y-DNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12
+2
mtDNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-12 → 2026-11-11
+2
Y-DNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02
+1
mtDNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02

Y-DNA: branches that grew

mtDNA: branches that grew

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

New mtDNA samples in YFull

Paternal and maternal neighbours differ. Of the five most similar countries by the paternal and by the maternal line, 1 coincide. The male and female lines may have different histories here, or a diaspora is showing.

YFull

Regions on YFull #

Regions that cannot be picked at FTDNA but are reported by YFull customers. Regions with 20 or more samples are shown; modern YFull customers only. YFull regions →

Regions on YFull
Country / region Y mt Leading
Ash Sharqiyah EG-SHR 25 8 J-FGC11 J1-FGC11 52%, E-CTS10298 E-Z830 16%
Al Qahirah EG-C 24 9 E-M78 E-M78 33%, J-P58 J1-P58 13%
YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

YFull

Paternal and maternal lines together #

Members of this people with both lines known on YFull. For each “Y branch × mt branch” combination, how many times it occurred and how many would be expected if the two lines had nothing to do with each other. Y and mt pairs → n=98

Most frequent combinations

Y × mt: line combinations · Most frequent combinations
Y mt pairs expected by chance × chance?
J1-FGC1707 L2a 5 2.2 2.27 could be chance p = 0.037
J1-FGC1707 L3f 3 1.7 1.75 could be chance p = 0.227
J1-FGC1707 R0a 3 1.2 2.45 could be chance p = 0.093

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 8 samples by Y-DNA and 85 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 2,713 BCE, Early Dynasty Egyptian.

Ancient Egyptian 2 · Late Ancient Egyptian 2 · Byzantine Empire 2 · Early Dynasty Egyptian 1 · Ptolemaic Egyptian 1

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 623 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 108 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 257 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 55 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Egypt: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/egypt/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.