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Afghanistan: haplogroups

FamilyTreeDNA has 167 kits with a Y-DNA result and 27 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are R1a-Z93 — 20%, G2b — 10% and J2 — 8%. For mt that is fewer than 50, so those shares below are a rough guide only. YFull has 75 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is broadly the same. The largest gap is R1a-Z2125: 8% on FTDNA against 24% on YFull.

Compare with…
0.8
Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men
rank 104 of 123 among countries. About 21 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives

FTDNA Discover holds about 94 more samples here that are not in the public tree, mostly from academic studies (estimate from the copy of 13 November 2026); this page is built from the public FTDNA tree.

Paternal line · Y-DNA

167 kits · 28 branches
Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).
R
57 · 34.1% 28k years
R1a-M198
36 · 21.6% 8,500 years
Z93
33 · 19.8% 4,700 years
Z2124
20 · 12.0% 4,500 years
Z2125
13 · 7.8% 4,400 years
Z2123
8 · 4.8% 4,300 years
L657
12 · 7.2% 4,000 years
R2
12 · 7.2% 16k years
R1b-L51
3 of 167 6,100 years
G
32 · 19.2% 28k years
G2b
17 · 10.2% 21k years
G2a-P303
11 · 6.6% 12k years
U1
7 · 4.2% 11k years
J
23 · 13.8% 30k years
J2
14 · 8.4% 28k years
J2a-L25
6 · 3.6% 8,800 years
J2b-M241
3 of 167 9,500 years
J1
7 · 4.2% 19k years
Z2313
3 of 167 5,800 years
Q
13 · 7.8% 30k years
L275
4 of 167 15k years
L-M357
10 · 6.0% 7,600 years
H-M82
7 · 4.2% 16k years
T
5 · 3.0% 28k years
C2
3 of 167 34k years
E-M84
3 of 167 9,500 years
I2
3 of 167 25k years
N
3 of 167 23k years
other
8 · 4.8%

Among the rest: O 2.

Maternal line · mtDNA

27 kits · 2 branches
Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.
M
7 · 26% (7 of 27, 95% confidence interval: 13–45%) 53k years
H
4 of 27 (4 of 27, 95% confidence interval: 6–32%) 11k years
other
16 · 59% (16 of 27, 95% confidence interval: 41–75%)

Among the rest: L 2, W 2, HV 2, J 2, U 2, K 2, I 1, T 1, R 1.

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself.

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The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Afghanistan: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • R-Z94 R1a-Z94: 32 kits · 19.2% (95% confidence interval: 14–26%) (×19.4) 4,600 years
  • R-Z2124 R1a-Z2124: 20 kits · 12.0% (95% confidence interval: 8–18%) (×17.0) 4,500 years
  • L-M20 L: 12 kits · 7.2% (95% confidence interval: 4–12%) (×10.3) 24k years
  • L-M22 L-M22: 10 kits · 6.0% (95% confidence interval: 3–11%) (×10.4) 20k years
  • G-L156: 30 kits · 18.0% (95% confidence interval: 13–24%) (×6.1) 23k years
  • LT-L298 LT: 17 kits · 10.2% (95% confidence interval: 6–16%) (×5.1) 43k years
  • Q-M242 Q: 13 kits · 7.8% (95% confidence interval: 5–13%) (×5.2) 30k years
  • G-P303 G2a-P303: 11 kits · 6.6% (95% confidence interval: 4–11%) (×4.0) 12k years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

3–13%14–19%20–27%28–38%39–78%Afghanistanunder 100 kits
All 112 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Pakistan 78%
  2. Tajikistan 76%
  3. India 67%
  4. Iran 58%
  5. Sri Lanka 55%
  6. Azerbaijan 52%
  7. Uzbekistan 52%
  8. Turkey 50%
  9. Israel 48%
  10. Iraq 48%
  11. Bahrain 46%
  12. Kazakhstan 45%
  13. Adygea 45%
  14. Georgia 44%
  15. Kuwait 43%
  16. Romania 42%
  17. Lebanon 42%
  18. Qatar 42%
  19. Russia 41%
  20. Armenia 41%
  21. United Arab Emirates 40%
  22. Syria 40%
  23. Lithuania 38%
  24. Belarus 38%
  25. Ukraine 38%
  26. Hungary 37%
  27. Greece 37%
  28. Moldova 36%
  29. Austria 35%
  30. Saudi Arabia 35%
  31. Italy 34%
  32. Dagestan 33%
  33. Tatarstan 32%
  34. Egypt 32%
  35. Poland 32%
  36. Latvia 32%
  37. Bashkortostan 30%
  38. Oman 30%
  39. Slovakia 28%
  40. Palestine 27%
  41. Spain 27%
  42. Chechnya 27%
  43. Jordan 27%
  44. Portugal 27%
  45. Indonesia 27%
  46. Tunisia 26%
  47. Germany 25%
  48. Bulgaria 25%
  49. Yemen 24%
  50. Czech Republic 24%
  51. Switzerland 23%
  52. South Africa 23%
  53. Morocco 23%
  54. Algeria 23%
  55. Mexico 23%
  56. Macedonia 23%
  57. United States (Native American) 22%
  58. Brazil 21%
  59. Mongolia 21%
  60. Netherlands 20%
  61. Orstkhoy (Aosta Valley in FTDNA) 20%
  62. Argentina 20%
  63. France 20%
  64. Libya 20%
  65. China 20%
  66. Cuba 19%
  67. Sudan 19%
  68. Belgium 19%
  69. Philippines 19%
  70. Ingushetia 19%
  71. Italy (Sicily) 18%
  72. United Kingdom 18%
  73. Luxembourg 18%
  74. Colombia 18%
  75. Slovenia 17%
  76. England 16%
  77. Puerto Rico 15%
  78. Albania 15%
  79. United States 14%
  80. Croatia 14%
  81. Australia 14%
  82. Serbia 14%
  83. Denmark 14%
  84. South Korea 14%
  85. New Zealand 13%
  86. Mordovia 13%
  87. Jamaica 13%
  88. Japan 13%
  89. Canada 13%
  90. Sweden 13%
  91. Wales 12%
  92. Bosnia and Herzegovina 12%
  93. Peru 12%
  94. Chile 11%
  95. Scotland 11%
  96. Montenegro 11%
  97. Chuvashia 11%
  98. Ireland 10%
  99. Iceland 10%
  100. Norway 10%
  101. Dominican Republic 10%
  102. Vietnam 9%
  103. Estonia 9%
  104. Cameroon 8%
  105. Somalia 8%
  106. Northern Ireland 7%
  107. Finland 7%
  108. England (Cornish) 6%
  109. Nigeria 5%
  110. Karelia 5%
  111. Isle of Man 4%
  112. Ghana 3%
YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

167
FTDNA
kits
75
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
R R-M207
34.1% · 40.0%+5.9
R1a-M198 R-M198
21.6% · 32.0%+10.4
Z93 R-Z93
19.8% · 30.7%+10.9
R2 R-M479
7.2% · 6.7%−0.5
R1b-L51 R-L51
1.8% · 0.0%−1.8
G G-M201
19.2% · 22.7%+3.5
G2b G-PF5721
10.2% · 16.0%+5.8
G2a-P303 G-P303
6.6% · 5.3%−1.3
U1 G-U1
4.2% · 1.3%−2.9
J J-M304
13.8% · 8.0%−5.8
J2 J-M172
8.4% · 6.7%−1.7
J2a-L25 J-L25
3.6% · 5.3%+1.7
J2b-M241 J-M241
1.8% · 0.0%−1.8
J1 J-M267
4.2% · 1.3%−2.9
Z2313 J-PF4638
1.8% · 1.3%−0.5
Q Q-M242
7.8% · 5.3%−2.5
L275 Q-L275
2.4% · 4.0%+1.6
L-M357
6.0% · 10.7%+4.7
H-M82
4.2% · 5.3%+1.1
T T-M184
3.0% · 1.3%−1.7
C2 C-M217
1.8% · 1.3%−0.5
E-M84 E-L795
1.8% · 1.3%−0.5
I2 I-P215
1.8% · 0.0%−1.8
N N-M231
1.8% · 1.3%−0.5

mtDNA

YFull has fewer than 30 samples from this country, too few to compare. 11 samples on YFull

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 167 · Projects 54

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
R R-M207
34.1% · 37.0%+2.9
R1a-M198 R-M198
21.6% · 22.2%+0.7
Z93 R-Z93
19.8% · 20.4%+0.6
Z2124 R-Z2124
12.0% · 13.0%+1
Z2125 R-Z2125
7.8% · 7.4%−0.4
L657 R-L657
7.2% · 7.4%+0.2
R2 R-M479
7.2% · 9.3%+2.1
G G-M201
19.2% · 16.7%−2.5
G2b G-PF5721
10.2% · 5.6%−4.6
G2a-P303 G-P303
6.6% · 7.4%+0.8
J J-M304
13.8% · 14.8%+1
J2 J-M172
8.4% · 7.4%−1
Q Q-M242
7.8% · 11.1%+3.3
L-M357
6.0% · 5.6%−0.4
56
Y-DNA · People on the map
54 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 54 such votes
88%
Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed
that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs
83%
agreement with YFull · Y
how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.
R-Z2125 +16.2
gap to YFull · Y
the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 7.8%, YFull 24.0%
24%
Y-DNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
42%
Big Y
rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+1
Y-DNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12
+1
mtDNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-12 → 2026-11-11
+5
Y-DNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02

Y-DNA: branches that grew

mtDNA: branches that grew

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 167 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 27 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 75 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 11 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Afghanistan: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/afghanistan/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.