Hungary: haplogroups

Name: Hungary: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups
Creator: ftdnastat
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

FamilyTreeDNA has 1,920 kits with a Y-DNA result and 1,093 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are R1a-M198 — 22%, R1b-L51 — 14% and I2 — 12%. On the maternal line the most common are H — 38%, U — 15% and K1 — 8%. YFull has 288 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is broadly the same. The largest gap is R1a-Z282: 15% on FTDNA against 25% on YFull.

Compare with…

41.3

Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men

rank 25 of 123 among countries. About 4.6 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives

11.3

mtDNA · kits per 100,000 people

rank 20 of 93 among countries. About 9.7 million people (UN, 2023)

Paternal line · Y-DNA

1,920 kits · 30 branches

Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).

790 · 41.1% 28k years

R1a-M198

413 · 21.5% 8,500 years

Z282

287 · 14.9% 4,800 years

Z280

181 · 9.4% 4,700 years

CTS1211

158 · 8.2% 4,400 years

Y35

106 · 5.5% 4,300 years

M458

102 · 5.3% 4,300 years

R1b-M269

357 · 18.6% 6,500 years

L23

324 · 16.9% 6,400 years

L51

278 · 14.5% 6,100 years

P312

125 · 6.5% 4,900 years

U152

77 · 4.0% 4,700 years

U106

113 · 5.9% 5,000 years

354 · 18.4% 30k years

207 · 10.8% 28k years

J2a

121 · 6.3% 20k years

137 · 7.1% 19k years

P58

74 · 3.9% 9,800 years

350 · 18.2% 35k years

223 · 11.6% 25k years

I2a

164 · 8.5% 20k years

CTS10228

133 · 6.9% 3,300 years

121 · 6.3% 20k years

DF29

76 · 4.0% 4,500 years

197 · 10.3% 52k years

E1b1b-M35

177 · 9.2% 25k years

E-M78

104 · 5.4% 15k years

V13

74 · 3.9% 5,200 years

112 · 5.8% 28k years

G2a

75 · 3.9% 19k years

other

117 · 6.1%

Among the rest: Q 41, N 39, T 24, H 5, L 5, C 2, A 1.

Maternal line · mtDNA

1,093 kits · 30 branches

Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.

418 · 38.2% 11k years

145 · 13.3% 7,900 years

H1-T16189C!

39 · 3.6%

H1c

26 · 2.4% 5,300 years

44 · 4.0% 8,400 years

H5a

28 · 2.6% 7,700 years

168 · 15.4% 51k years

U5a'b

92 · 8.4% 30k years

U5a

52 · 4.8% 21k years

U5a1

38 · 3.5% 13k years

U5b

40 · 3.7% 25k years

U5b1

25 · 2.3% 15k years

U2'3'4'7'8'9

67 · 6.1% 50k years

36 · 3.3% 22k years

116 · 10.6% 29k years

92 · 8.4% 23k years

K1a

77 · 7.0% 11k years

K1a1b1a

49 · 4.5% 2,800 years

K2a

24 · 2.2% 14k years

88 · 8.1% 20k years

67 · 6.1% 15k years

T2b

37 · 3.4% 8,500 years

78 · 7.1% 35k years

70 · 6.4% 28k years

J1c

62 · 5.7% 13k years

55 · 5.0% 7,500 years

39 · 3.6% 13k years

32 · 2.9% 51k years

N1b1b1

27 · 2.5% 2,700 years

27 · 2.5% 17k years

other

72 · 6.6%

Among the rest: X 23, W 18, L 7, M 7, R 5, D 3, A 3, B 3, C 1, G 1, Y 1.

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself. Above the map you can pick the paternal line (Y-DNA) or the maternal one (mtDNA).

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

Loading the map…

I-Y3548 · 5%
R-Y2898 · 3%
R-L260 · 3%
Shared trunk
Territory: Hungary

The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Hungary: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

I-Y3548: 95 kits · 4.9% (95% confidence interval: 4–6%) (×8.8) 2,300 years
I-S20602: 128 kits · 6.7% (95% confidence interval: 6–8%) (×6.9) 2,500 years
R-CTS1211 R1a-CTS1211: 158 kits · 8.2% (95% confidence interval: 7–10%) (×5.0) 4,400 years
R-Z280 R1a-Z280: 181 kits · 9.4% (95% confidence interval: 8–11%) (×4.3) 4,700 years
R-L260: 58 kits · 3.0% (95% confidence interval: 2–4%) (×5.1) 2,800 years
R-Y2898: 52 kits · 2.7% (95% confidence interval: 2–4%) (×5.2) 3,700 years
R-CTS3402: 105 kits · 5.5% (95% confidence interval: 5–7%) (×4.3) 4,000 years
I-P37 I2a: 164 kits · 8.5% (95% confidence interval: 7–10%) (×3.9) 20k years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

3–27%28–38%39–48%49–61%62–90%Hungaryunder 100 kits

All 112 countries and regions by similarity

Hungary: mtDNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

N1b: 29 kits · 2.7% (95% confidence interval: 2–4%) (×5.3)
V7a: 11 kits · 1.0% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×3.3)

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

1–33%34–54%55–73%74–81%82–89%Hungaryunder 100 kits

All 71 countries and regions by similarity

YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

1,920

FTDNA

kits

288

YFull

samples

FTDNAYFull

FTDNA · YFull · Δ

R R-M207

41.1% · 43.1%+1.9

R1a-M198 R-M198

21.5% · 26.0%+4.5

Z282 R-Z282

14.9% · 25.3%+10.4

R1b-M269 R-M269

18.6% · 16.7%−1.9

L23 R-L23

16.9% · 16.3%−0.6

J J-M304

18.4% · 12.5%−5.9

J2 J-M172

10.8% · 11.5%+0.7

J2a J-M410

6.3% · 7.3%+1

J1 J-M267

7.1% · 1.0%−6.1

P58 J-P58

3.9% · 0.7%−3.2

I I-L758

18.2% · 21.5%+3.3

I2 I-P215

11.6% · 14.6%+3

I2a I-P37

8.5% · 11.5%+2.9

I1 I-M253

6.3% · 6.9%+0.6

DF29 I-DF29

4.0% · 6.9%+3

E E-M96

10.3% · 10.4%+0.2

E1b1b-M35 E-M35

9.2% · 10.4%+1.2

E-M78

5.4% · 8.0%+2.6

G G-M201

5.8% · 2.4%−3.4

G2a G-P15

3.9% · 2.1%−1.8

mtDNA

1,093

FTDNA

kits

157

YFull

samples

FTDNAYFull

FTDNA · YFull · Δ

38.2% · 38.9%+0.6

13.3% · 11.5%−1.8

H1-T16189C!

3.6% · 0.6%−2.9

H1c

2.4% · 4.5%+2.1

4.0% · 5.1%+1.1

H5a

2.6% · 3.2%+0.6

15.4% · 14.0%−1.4

U5a'b

8.4% · 5.7%−2.7

U5a

4.8% · 2.5%−2.2

U5b

3.7% · 3.2%−0.5

U2'3'4'7'8'9

6.1% · 7.0%+0.9

3.3% · 3.2%−0.1

10.6% · 6.4%−4.2

8.4% · 6.4%−2

K1a

7.0% · 5.1%−1.9

K2a

2.2% · 0.0%−2.2

8.1% · 14.0%+6

6.1% · 9.6%+3.4

T2b

3.4% · 5.7%+2.3

7.1% · 7.0%−0.1

6.4% · 5.1%−1.3

J1c

5.7% · 3.8%−1.9

5.0% · 3.2%−1.8

3.6% · 5.1%+1.5

2.9% · 1.9%−1

N1b1b1

2.5% · 0.6%−1.8

2.5% · 2.5%+0.1

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 1,920 · Projects 628

FTDNAProjects

FTDNA · Projects · Δ

R R-M207

41.1% · 43.5%+2.3

R1a-M198 R-M198

21.5% · 23.6%+2.1

Z282 R-Z282

14.9% · 16.1%+1.1

Z280 R-Z280

9.4% · 9.2%−0.2

R1b-M269 R-M269

18.6% · 19.3%+0.7

L23 R-L23

16.9% · 11.9%−4.9

L51 R-L51

14.5% · 9.9%−4.6

J J-M304

18.4% · 13.9%−4.6

J2 J-M172

10.8% · 9.4%−1.4

I I-L758

18.2% · 22.6%+4.4

I2 I-P215

11.6% · 14.8%+3.2

I2a I-P37

8.5% · 11.1%+2.6

E E-M96

10.3% · 9.4%−0.9

E1b1b-M35 E-M35

9.2% · 8.9%−0.3

mtDNA FTDNA 1,093 · Projects 257

FTDNAProjects

FTDNA · Projects · Δ

38.2% · 40.9%+2.6

13.3% · 10.1%−3.1

15.4% · 14.8%−0.6

U5a'b

8.4% · 6.6%−1.8

U2'3'4'7'8'9

6.1% · 6.2%+0.1

10.6% · 12.1%+1.4

8.4% · 8.2%−0.2

K1a

7.0% · 5.4%−1.6

8.1% · 5.4%−2.6

6.1% · 4.7%−1.5

7.1% · 5.8%−1.3

6.4% · 5.1%−1.3

J1c

5.7% · 4.7%−1

5.0% · 1.9%−3.1

672

Y-DNA · People on the map

628 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 669 such votes

74%

Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed

that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs

258

mtDNA · People on the map

257 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 256 such votes

86%

agreement with YFull · Y

how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.

R-Z282 +10.4

gap to YFull · Y

the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 14.9%, YFull 25.3%

25% / 14%

reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA

share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 37.0 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 30.1

14%

Y-DNA · on leaves

share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.

24%

Big Y

rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.

44%

mtDNA · on leaves

share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.

0.57

mt to Y

mtDNA kits per one Y-DNA kit. Below 0.3 means the country tests almost only the paternal line.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

Y-DNA, FTDNA

new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12

+11

Y-DNA, YFull

new samples as of 2026-11-02

mtDNA, YFull

new samples as of 2026-11-02

Y-DNA: branches that grew

E-Y5427*: +1
J-YSC0000234*: +1
J-Z2217*: +1
R-CTS3402*: +1
R-Z2124 R1a-Z2124: +1

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

E-Y189173 · Hajdu-Bihar
E-Y420784 · Bacs-Kiskun
I-A14806 · Bekescsaba
I-FT145834 · Eger
I-FTC61076 · Tolna
I-Y158609 · Pest
I-Y351658 · Zala · Hungarians
Q-YP4547 · Bacs-Kiskun
R-FGC36669 · Nograd
R-Y282522 · Tolna · Hungarians
R-Y485929 · Pest

New mtDNA samples in YFull

H1q3b · Pest
H5a1a · Hajdu-Bihar
HV13c · Pest
T2a1e · Gyor

YFull

Regions on YFull #

Regions that cannot be picked at FTDNA but are reported by YFull customers. Regions with 20 or more samples are shown; modern YFull customers only. YFull regions →

Regions on YFull
Country / region	Y	mt	Leading
Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg HU-SZ	51	12	R-Z280 R1a-Z280 27%, I-P215 I2 18%, I-DF29 I1-DF29 12%
Budapest HU-BU	26	15	R-U152 R1b-U152 19%, R-M12149 R1b-Z2103 (M12149) 12%, J-M172 J2 12%

YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

Hungarians 90 / 39

YFull

Recent kin across borders #

Shared young paternal branches: YFull customers from this country and from the partner country have a common paternal-line ancestor no older than 500 years. The comparison accounts for how linked a country is abroad overall: shown are partners with more shared branches than its general openness would give. It reflects recent migration and shared ancestry, not ethnicity.

Recent kin across borders
Country	shared branches	expected	×	chance?
Poland	7	1.1	6.5	unlikely by chance p < 0.001

YFull

Paternal and maternal lines together #

Members of this people with both lines known on YFull. For each “Y branch × mt branch” combination, how many times it occurred and how many would be expected if the two lines had nothing to do with each other. Y and mt pairs → n=187

Most frequent combinations

Y × mt: line combinations · Most frequent combinations
Y	mt	pairs	expected by chance	×	chance?
R1a-M458	H1a	3	0.5	5.61	unlikely by chance p = 0.009
R1a-M458	T1a	3	0.8	4.01	could be chance p = 0.028

Ancient relatives of male lines #

Which cultures of the Copper Age and Early Bronze Age (4000–2000 BCE) the local male lines lead to most closely. The share is how many kits lead to a culture; the range is in brackets.

CulturesBranches

Left: the major branches through which the lines lead to a culture; right: all major branches. Grey: the part of a branch without ancient relatives of this era.

Corded Ware and Neolithic Scandinavianshared branches: R-M417, R-P310, I-S63
in the same bar: Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture, Seima-Turbino culture44%(37%–54%)
No close ancient relativesalso cultures under 3% and kits with shallow tests56%

How it is counted

Branches of the era. We take the ancient samples whose date falls inside the era, and compare the lines as they stood 1,500 years before the era ends.
A culture’s profile is the share of its lines on those branches. The number of samples does not change a weight: a culture of seven men weighs as much as one of a hundred and twenty.
A shallow test. An ancient man typed above the cut is spread over the branches under his node, by how many men each holds now. Today’s kits are treated the same way.
Who is admitted. A culture takes part when its sharply typed men cover 25% of the population on their own: branch by branch we add the smaller of the two shares, the culture’s and the population’s. One dug within 550 km needs only 0.5%.
The shares. We pick the weights of the cultures so that their mixture comes as close as it can to today’s set of branches.
Look-alike cultures. When cultures share almost all their branches, the data cannot say whose kin the men are. So we do not split the share between them: they get one bar.
The range. We recount everything on random subsets of the samples. In brackets are the bounds the share keeps in nine runs out of ten. A share that can fall below 5%, or below half of itself, is not shown at all.

What it does not mean. This is kinship of male lines, not the origin of a people. The female lines say nothing here. Who takes a test is a matter of chance, so the shares compare between countries, not with a census.

Other eras: Early Middle Ages — Avars 21%.

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 992 samples by Y-DNA and 785 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 5,750 BCE, Körös culture.

Avars 221 · Medieval Hungarian 112 · Lombards 109 · Linear Pottery culture 43 · Avars, middle period 41

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 1,920 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 1,093 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 288 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 157 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Hungary: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/hungary/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.