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Bashkortostan: haplogroups

FamilyTreeDNA has 104 kits with a Y-DNA result and 23 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). Only kits that name Bashkortostan are counted here; those who gave just the country are on the Russia page. On the paternal line the most common are R1a-M198 — 27%, N1a-M178 — 18% and R1b-Z2106 — 7%. For mt that is fewer than 50, so those shares below are a rough guide only. YFull has 100 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is almost the same. The largest gap is R1b-M73: 6% on FTDNA against 0% on YFull.

Compare with…
5.4
Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men
rank 12 of 12 among Russian regions. About 1.9 million men (census, 2021). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives

FTDNA Discover holds about 91 more samples here that are not in the public tree, mostly from academic studies (estimate from the copy of 13 November 2026); this page is built from the public FTDNA tree.

Paternal line · Y-DNA

104 kits · 21 branches
Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).
R
43 · 41.3% 28k years
R1a-M198
28 · 26.9% 8,500 years
Z282
15 · 14.4% 4,800 years
Z280
12 · 11.5% 4,700 years
Y35
7 · 6.7% 4,300 years
Z92
4 of 104 4,200 years
M458
3 of 104 4,300 years
Z2123
13 · 12.5% 4,300 years
R1b-Z2106
7 · 6.7% 5,500 years
R1b-M73
6 · 5.8% 14k years
N
26 · 25.0% 23k years
N1a-M178
19 · 18.3% 14k years
N-Z1936
12 · 11.5% 4,500 years
P43
6 · 5.8% 4,600 years
I
10 · 9.6% 35k years
I2a
3 of 104 20k years
I1-Z58
3 of 104 4,500 years
J2a-Z2222
6 · 5.8% 16k years
G
3 of 104 28k years
E-V13
3 of 104 5,200 years
C2-F1699
3 of 104 15k years
other
10 · 9.6%

Among the rest: T 1, O 1.

Maternal line · mtDNA

23 kits · 2 branches
Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.
H
4 of 23 (4 of 23, 95% confidence interval: 7–37%) 11k years
U4
3 of 23 (3 of 23, 95% confidence interval: 5–32%) 22k years
other
16 · 70% (16 of 23, 95% confidence interval: 49–84%)

Among the rest: D 2, V 2, T 2, M 1, Z 1, N 1, W 1, R 1, F 1, K 1.

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself.

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

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The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Bashkortostan: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • R-Z2124 R1a-Z2124: 13 kits · 12.5% (95% confidence interval: 7–20%) (×17.7) 4,500 years
  • NO-M214 NO: 27 kits · 26.0% (95% confidence interval: 18–35%) (×5.4) 38k years
  • N-Tat: 19 kits · 18.3% (95% confidence interval: 12–27%) (×5.3) 13k years
  • R-PF6162: 28 kits · 26.9% (95% confidence interval: 19–36%) (×4.1) 5,000 years
  • N-CTS3103: 16 kits · 15.4% (95% confidence interval: 10–24%) (×4.7) 4,700 years
  • R-Z280 R1a-Z280: 12 kits · 11.5% (95% confidence interval: 7–19%) (×5.2) 4,700 years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

1–13%14–17%18–23%24–35%36–60%Bashkortostanunder 100 kits
All 111 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Chuvashia 60%
  2. Tatarstan 58%
  3. Ukraine 48%
  4. Slovakia 45%
  5. Poland 44%
  6. Lithuania 44%
  7. Kazakhstan 44%
  8. Hungary 44%
  9. Azerbaijan 43%
  10. Uzbekistan 42%
  11. Belarus 42%
  12. Mordovia 42%
  13. Adygea 41%
  14. Czech Republic 40%
  15. Romania 39%
  16. Bulgaria 39%
  17. Turkey 39%
  18. Tajikistan 38%
  19. Albania 36%
  20. Greece 36%
  21. Serbia 35%
  22. Austria 35%
  23. Latvia 35%
  24. Bosnia and Herzegovina 34%
  25. Macedonia 33%
  26. Israel 33%
  27. Montenegro 32%
  28. Croatia 31%
  29. Dagestan 30%
  30. Iran 30%
  31. Afghanistan 30%
  32. Estonia 30%
  33. Italy 30%
  34. Germany 29%
  35. Moldova 29%
  36. Georgia 28%
  37. Pakistan 28%
  38. Iraq 27%
  39. Armenia 27%
  40. Karelia 26%
  41. Slovenia 26%
  42. Lebanon 26%
  43. Syria 26%
  44. Spain 23%
  45. Switzerland 23%
  46. Egypt 23%
  47. Belgium 22%
  48. Brazil 22%
  49. Bahrain 22%
  50. France 22%
  51. Portugal 22%
  52. Kuwait 21%
  53. Jordan 21%
  54. Finland 20%
  55. Netherlands 20%
  56. Italy (Sicily) 20%
  57. Palestine 20%
  58. Denmark 19%
  59. India 19%
  60. Canada 19%
  61. Sweden 19%
  62. Qatar 18%
  63. Tunisia 18%
  64. Chile 18%
  65. Cuba 18%
  66. Saudi Arabia 18%
  67. United Arab Emirates 17%
  68. Puerto Rico 17%
  69. Morocco 17%
  70. United Kingdom 17%
  71. United States 17%
  72. Mexico 17%
  73. Chechnya 17%
  74. China 17%
  75. Luxembourg 17%
  76. England 16%
  77. Mongolia 16%
  78. Libya 16%
  79. South Africa 16%
  80. Australia 16%
  81. Algeria 15%
  82. Dominican Republic 15%
  83. South Korea 14%
  84. Argentina 14%
  85. Sudan 14%
  86. United States (Native American) 13%
  87. Colombia 13%
  88. Wales 13%
  89. Ingushetia 13%
  90. Scotland 13%
  91. Norway 12%
  92. Japan 12%
  93. Jamaica 11%
  94. Yemen 10%
  95. Cameroon 10%
  96. Sri Lanka 10%
  97. Peru 10%
  98. Vietnam 9%
  99. Northern Ireland 9%
  100. Ireland 9%
  101. England (Cornish) 9%
  102. Orstkhoy (Aosta Valley in FTDNA) 9%
  103. Oman 9%
  104. Indonesia 8%
  105. Philippines 7%
  106. New Zealand 4%
  107. Isle of Man 4%
  108. Somalia 3%
  109. Iceland 2%
  110. Nigeria 2%
  111. Ghana 1%
YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

104
FTDNA
kits
100
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
R R-M207
41.3% · 41.0%−0.3
R1a-M198 R-M198
26.9% · 30.0%+3.1
Z282 R-Z282
14.4% · 15.0%+0.6
Z2123 R-Z2123
12.5% · 12.0%−0.5
R1b-Z2106 R-Z2106
6.7% · 8.0%+1.3
R1b-M73 R-M73
5.8% · 0.0%−5.8
N N-M231
25.0% · 27.0%+2
N1a-M178 N-M178
18.3% · 23.0%+4.7
N-Z1936
11.5% · 11.0%−0.5
P43 N-B523
5.8% · 4.0%−1.8
I I-L758
9.6% · 14.0%+4.4
I2a I-P37
2.9% · 4.0%+1.1
I1-Z58 I-Z58
2.9% · 8.0%+5.1
J2a-Z2222 J-PF5160
5.8% · 3.0%−2.8
G G-M201
2.9% · 1.0%−1.9
E-V13
2.9% · 4.0%+1.1
C2-F1699 C-F6301
2.9% · 1.0%−1.9

mtDNA

23
FTDNA
kits
31
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
H
17.4% · 25.8%+8.4
U4
13.0% · 6.5%−6.6

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 104 · Projects 149

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
R R-M207
41.3% · 40.3%−1.1
R1a-M198 R-M198
26.9% · 22.8%−4.1
Z282 R-Z282
14.4% · 12.8%−1.7
Z280 R-Z280
11.5% · 10.1%−1.5
Y35 R-Y35
6.7% · 3.4%−3.4
Z2123 R-Z2123
12.5% · 3.4%−9.1
R1b-Z2106 R-Z2106
6.7% · 0.7%−6.1
R1b-M73 R-M73
5.8% · 3.4%−2.4
N N-M231
25.0% · 19.5%−5.5
N1a-M178 N-M178
18.3% · 14.8%−3.5
N-Z1936
11.5% · 7.4%−4.2
P43 N-B523
5.8% · 2.7%−3.1
I I-L758
9.6% · 18.1%+8.5
J2a-Z2222 J-PF5160
5.8% · 3.4%−2.4
155
Y-DNA · People on the map
149 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 152 such votes
75%
Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed
that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs
91%
agreement with YFull · Y
how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.
R-M73 −5.8
gap to YFull · Y
the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 5.8%, YFull 0.0%
50% / 50%
reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA
share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 36.7 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 34.2
50%
Y-DNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
67%
Big Y
rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+2
Y-DNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12
+4
Y-DNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02
+3
mtDNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02

Y-DNA: branches that grew

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

New mtDNA samples in YFull

YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this region. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

YFull

Recent kin across borders #

Shared young paternal branches: YFull customers from this country and from the partner country have a common paternal-line ancestor no older than 500 years. The comparison accounts for how linked a country is abroad overall: shown are partners with more shared branches than its general openness would give. It reflects recent migration and shared ancestry, not ethnicity.

Recent kin across borders
Region shared branches expected × chance?
Tatarstan 5 0.07 75.5 unlikely by chance p < 0.001

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 29 samples by Y-DNA and 2 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 1,771 BCE, Srubnaya culture.

Pyany Bor culture 9 · Chiyalik 6 · Karayakupovo culture 5 · Scythians 3 · Mazunino 3

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 104 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 23 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 100 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 31 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Bashkortostan: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/russia-bashkortostan/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.