ftdnastat Русский

Mexico: haplogroups

FamilyTreeDNA has 2,297 kits with a Y-DNA result and 1,801 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are Q-M3 — 25%, R1b-P312 — 24% and E1b1b-M35 — 6%. On the maternal line the most common are A2 — 31%, B2 — 24% and C1 — 20%. YFull has 110 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is noticeably different. The largest gap is Q-M3: 25% on FTDNA against 9% on YFull.

Compare with…
3.7
Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men
rank 76 of 123 among countries. About 63 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives
1.4
mtDNA · kits per 100,000 people
rank 59 of 93 among countries. About 130 million people (UN, 2023)

Mitotree, the mt tree of FTDNA Discover, has about 390 more samples from here that the public mt tree lacks: mostly academic studies, GenBank among them (copy of 11 November 2026). This page is built from the public FTDNA tree.

Paternal line · Y-DNA

2,297 kits · 30 branches
Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).
R1b-L51
760 · 33.1% 6,100 years
P312
556 · 24.2% 4,900 years
DF27
400 · 17.4% 4,700 years
Z195
212 · 9.2% 4,600 years
L21
79 · 3.4% 4,700 years
DF13
64 · 2.8% 4,600 years
U152
58 · 2.5% 4,700 years
Q
738 · 32.1% 30k years
L54
681 · 29.6% 17k years
M3
570 · 24.8% 14k years
J
253 · 11.0% 30k years
J2
142 · 6.2% 28k years
J2a
105 · 4.6% 20k years
M67
38 · 1.7% 13k years
J1
103 · 4.5% 19k years
P58
78 · 3.4% 9,800 years
Z2313
55 · 2.4% 5,800 years
E
190 · 8.3% 52k years
E1b1b-M35
146 · 6.4% 25k years
E-M81
55 · 2.4% 4,500 years
E-M78
50 · 2.2% 15k years
I
145 · 6.3% 35k years
I2
107 · 4.7% 25k years
I2a
59 · 2.6% 20k years
M26
49 · 2.1% 12k years
I2b
41 · 1.8% 17k years
I1
36 · 1.6% 20k years
G
74 · 3.2% 28k years
G2a
68 · 3.0% 19k years
T
37 · 1.6% 28k years
other
100 · 4.4%

Among the rest: O 11, L 5, C 4, N 3, A 2, F 2, D 1, H 1.

Maternal line · mtDNA

1,801 kits · 30 branches
Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.
A2
562 · 31.2% 17k years
A2-x
448 · 24.9%
A2h1
70 · 3.9% 7,200 years
A2-x-T16111C!
66 · 3.7%
A2d
56 · 3.1% 12k years
B2
429 · 23.8% 18k years
B2a
82 · 4.6% 11k years
B2a1
37 · 2.1% 9,100 years
B2c
80 · 4.4% 11k years
B2c1
37 · 2.1% 7,800 years
B2g
59 · 3.3% 15k years
B2-C16278T!
33 · 1.8%
C1
353 · 19.6% 24k years
C1b
176 · 9.8% 19k years
C1b-T16311C!
52 · 2.9%
C1b7
34 · 1.9% 13k years
C1c
136 · 7.6% 19k years
C1d
41 · 2.3% 19k years
C1d-C194T
32 · 1.8% 16k years
D4
123 · 6.8% 22k years
D1
112 · 6.2% 21k years
H
86 · 4.8% 11k years
K
62 · 3.4% 29k years
K2a8
52 · 2.9% 2,000 years
L1'2'3'4'5'6'7
48 · 2.7%
L2'3'4'6
39 · 2.2% 97k years
J
46 · 2.6% 35k years
J1
43 · 2.4% 28k years
J1b
37 · 2.1% 19k years
J1b2
34 · 1.9% 7,200 years
other
92 · 5.1%

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself.

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

Loading the map…

The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Mexico: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • Q-M3 Q-M3: 570 kits · 24.8% (95% confidence interval: 23–27%) (×49.9) 14k years
  • Q-CTS3814: 660 kits · 28.7% (95% confidence interval: 27–31%) (×43.0) 16k years
  • R-Z278: 109 kits · 4.7% (95% confidence interval: 4–6%) (×11.5) 3,300 years
  • R-Z295: 128 kits · 5.6% (95% confidence interval: 5–7%) (×7.9) 4,100 years
  • R-DF27 R1b-DF27: 400 kits · 17.4% (95% confidence interval: 16–19%) (×3.7) 4,700 years
  • R-ZZ12_1: 186 kits · 8.1% (95% confidence interval: 7–9%) (×4.0) 4,600 years
  • E-L19: 64 kits · 2.8% (95% confidence interval: 2–4%) (×4.6) 14k years
  • R-Z195 R1b-Z195: 212 kits · 9.2% (95% confidence interval: 8–10%) (×3.6) 4,600 years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

2–18%19–28%29–37%38–48%49–79%Mexicounder 100 kits
All 112 countries and regions by similarity
  1. Colombia 79%
  2. Spain 77%
  3. Brazil 75%
  4. United States (Native American) 75%
  5. Peru 73%
  6. Portugal 73%
  7. Chile 72%
  8. Puerto Rico 68%
  9. Cuba 67%
  10. France 64%
  11. Argentina 63%
  12. Italy 60%
  13. Belgium 56%
  14. Canada 54%
  15. Switzerland 54%
  16. United States 54%
  17. Dominican Republic 54%
  18. Germany 54%
  19. England 53%
  20. United Kingdom 52%
  21. Netherlands 50%
  22. Austria 49%
  23. Hungary 48%
  24. Greece 48%
  25. Romania 47%
  26. Wales 47%
  27. Luxembourg 45%
  28. Scotland 43%
  29. Ukraine 43%
  30. South Africa 43%
  31. Poland 42%
  32. Australia 42%
  33. Czech Republic 42%
  34. Italy (Sicily) 41%
  35. Turkey 41%
  36. Israel 41%
  37. Lebanon 40%
  38. Belarus 40%
  39. Denmark 40%
  40. Ireland 39%
  41. England (Cornish) 39%
  42. Morocco 39%
  43. Northern Ireland 38%
  44. Lithuania 38%
  45. Bulgaria 37%
  46. Slovakia 37%
  47. Russia 37%
  48. Armenia 37%
  49. Moldova 36%
  50. Egypt 36%
  51. Syria 36%
  52. Iran 36%
  53. Iraq 36%
  54. Latvia 35%
  55. Tunisia 34%
  56. Algeria 34%
  57. Azerbaijan 33%
  58. Palestine 32%
  59. Jamaica 32%
  60. Bahrain 31%
  61. Slovenia 30%
  62. Kuwait 29%
  63. Saudi Arabia 29%
  64. New Zealand 29%
  65. Norway 28%
  66. Macedonia 28%
  67. Sweden 28%
  68. Serbia 28%
  69. United Arab Emirates 28%
  70. Georgia 28%
  71. Libya 27%
  72. Qatar 27%
  73. Albania 26%
  74. Jordan 26%
  75. Croatia 25%
  76. Tajikistan 24%
  77. Uzbekistan 24%
  78. Afghanistan 23%
  79. Oman 22%
  80. Yemen 22%
  81. Sudan 21%
  82. Kazakhstan 21%
  83. Dagestan 21%
  84. Montenegro 20%
  85. India 20%
  86. Adygea 19%
  87. Pakistan 19%
  88. Tatarstan 18%
  89. Bosnia and Herzegovina 18%
  90. Iceland 18%
  91. Bashkortostan 17%
  92. Isle of Man 16%
  93. Chuvashia 14%
  94. Mordovia 14%
  95. Chechnya 13%
  96. Philippines 13%
  97. Estonia 13%
  98. Somalia 12%
  99. Sri Lanka 11%
  100. Finland 11%
  101. Indonesia 10%
  102. China 9%
  103. Nigeria 8%
  104. Cameroon 7%
  105. Mongolia 7%
  106. Ingushetia 7%
  107. South Korea 7%
  108. Ghana 6%
  109. Orstkhoy (Aosta Valley in FTDNA) 6%
  110. Japan 6%
  111. Vietnam 4%
  112. Karelia 2%

Mexico: mtDNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

  • B2g: 59 kits · 3.3% (95% confidence interval: 3–4%) (×63.3)
  • A2c: 32 kits · 1.8% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×63.3)
  • D1i: 26 kits · 1.4% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×65.1)
  • B2c: 80 kits · 4.4% (95% confidence interval: 4–5%) (×47.0)
  • D1h: 17 kits · 0.9% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×71.0)
  • A2d: 56 kits · 3.1% (95% confidence interval: 2–4%) (×46.2)
  • B2s: 10 kits · 0.6% (95% confidence interval: 0–1%) (×75.1)
  • A2j: 22 kits · 1.2% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×53.3)

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

2–15%16–18%19–20%21–23%24–61%Mexicounder 100 kits
All 71 countries and regions by similarity
  1. United States (Native American) 61%
  2. Cuba 55%
  3. Spain 54%
  4. Brazil 54%
  5. Canada (First Nations) 51%
  6. Puerto Rico 47%
  7. Colombia 46%
  8. Argentina 46%
  9. Chile 40%
  10. Dominican Republic 39%
  11. Canada 31%
  12. United States 30%
  13. Portugal 28%
  14. France 24%
  15. Israel 23%
  16. Italy 23%
  17. Austria 22%
  18. United Kingdom 22%
  19. Wales 21%
  20. Algeria 21%
  21. Scotland 21%
  22. Germany 21%
  23. Hungary 21%
  24. England 21%
  25. Poland 20%
  26. Ireland 20%
  27. Netherlands 20%
  28. Switzerland 20%
  29. Norway 20%
  30. Belgium 20%
  31. Russia 19%
  32. Ukraine 19%
  33. Sweden 19%
  34. Denmark 19%
  35. Romania 19%
  36. Belarus 19%
  37. Czech Republic 19%
  38. Slovakia 19%
  39. Syria 19%
  40. Lithuania 18%
  41. Northern Ireland 18%
  42. Greece 18%
  43. Latvia 18%
  44. Morocco 18%
  45. Saudi Arabia 18%
  46. Australia 17%
  47. United Arab Emirates 17%
  48. South Africa 16%
  49. Egypt 16%
  50. Slovenia 16%
  51. Turkey 16%
  52. Estonia 16%
  53. Iraq 16%
  54. Croatia 15%
  55. Bosnia and Herzegovina 15%
  56. Bulgaria 15%
  57. Finland 15%
  58. Serbia 15%
  59. Moldova 15%
  60. Kuwait 15%
  61. Lebanon 14%
  62. New Zealand 13%
  63. Armenia 13%
  64. Iran 13%
  65. Chechnya 12%
  66. Jamaica 11%
  67. India 8%
  68. China 6%
  69. Japan 3%
  70. Philippines 3%
  71. South Korea 2%
YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

2,297
FTDNA
kits
110
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
R1b-L51 R-L51
33.1% · 31.8%−1.3
P312 R-P312
24.2% · 30.9%+6.7
DF27 R-DF27
17.4% · 21.8%+4.4
L21 R-L21
3.4% · 4.5%+1.1
U152 R-U152
2.5% · 3.6%+1.1
Q Q-M242
32.1% · 17.3%−14.9
L54 Q-L54
29.6% · 17.3%−12.4
M3 Q-M3
24.8% · 9.1%−15.7
J J-M304
11.0% · 17.3%+6.3
J2 J-M172
6.2% · 8.2%+2
J2a J-M410
4.6% · 4.5%0
J1 J-M267
4.5% · 9.1%+4.6
P58 J-P58
3.4% · 9.1%+5.7
E E-M96
8.3% · 11.8%+3.5
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
6.4% · 10.9%+4.6
E-M81
2.4% · 5.5%+3.1
E-M78
2.2% · 2.7%+0.6
I I-L758
6.3% · 8.2%+1.9
I2 I-P215
4.7% · 5.5%+0.8
I2a I-P37
2.6% · 1.8%−0.8
I2b I-M223
1.8% · 3.6%+1.9
I1 I-M253
1.6% · 2.7%+1.2
G G-M201
3.2% · 6.4%+3.1
G2a G-P15
3.0% · 6.4%+3.4
T T-M184
1.6% · 2.7%+1.1

mtDNA

1,801
FTDNA
kits
77
YFull
samples
FTDNAYFull
FTDNA · YFull · Δ
A2
31.2% · 36.4%+5.2
A2-x
24.9% · 29.9%+5
A2h1
3.9% · 5.2%+1.3
A2-x-T16111C!
3.7% · 3.9%+0.2
A2d
3.1% · 5.2%+2.1
B2
23.8% · 24.7%+0.9
B2a
4.6% · 2.6%−2
B2a1
2.1% · 0.0%−2.1
B2c
4.4% · 5.2%+0.8
B2c1
2.1% · 1.3%−0.8
B2g
3.3% · 1.3%−2
B2-C16278T!
1.8% · 1.3%−0.5
C1
19.6% · 7.8%−11.8
C1b
9.8% · 5.2%−4.6
C1b-T16311C!
2.9% · 2.6%−0.3
C1c
7.6% · 1.3%−6.3
C1d
2.3% · 1.3%−1
C1d-C194T
1.8% · 1.3%−0.5
D4
6.8% · 5.2%−1.6
D1
6.2% · 5.2%−1
H
4.8% · 7.8%+3
K
3.4% · 6.5%+3.1
K2a8
2.9% · 3.9%+1
L1'2'3'4'5'6'7
2.7% · 3.9%+1.2
L2'3'4'6
2.2% · 1.3%−0.9
J
2.6% · 2.6%0
J1
2.4% · 2.6%+0.2
J1b
2.1% · 2.6%+0.5

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 2,297 · Projects 1,026

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
R1b-L51 R-L51
33.1% · 25.9%−7.2
P312 R-P312
24.2% · 20.8%−3.4
DF27 R-DF27
17.4% · 14.8%−2.6
Z195 R-Z195
9.2% · 8.4%−0.8
Q Q-M242
32.1% · 18.0%−14.1
L54 Q-L54
29.6% · 16.2%−13.5
M3 Q-M3
24.8% · 12.9%−11.9
J J-M304
11.0% · 14.1%+3.1
J2 J-M172
6.2% · 8.0%+1.8
J2a J-M410
4.6% · 4.4%−0.2
E E-M96
8.3% · 10.4%+2.2
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
6.4% · 8.7%+2.3
I I-L758
6.3% · 6.5%+0.2
I2 I-P215
4.7% · 5.1%+0.4

mtDNA FTDNA 1,801 · Projects 821

FTDNAProjects
FTDNA · Projects · Δ
A2
31.2% · 19.2%−12
A2-x
24.9% · 16.1%−8.8
A2h1
3.9% · 2.3%−1.6
A2-x-T16111C!
3.7% · 2.4%−1.2
B2
23.8% · 16.3%−7.5
B2a
4.6% · 2.8%−1.8
B2c
4.4% · 2.8%−1.6
C1
19.6% · 13.6%−6
C1b
9.8% · 6.2%−3.6
C1c
7.6% · 5.8%−1.7
D4
6.8% · 4.8%−2.1
D1
6.2% · 4.5%−1.7
H
4.8% · 4.9%+0.1
K
3.4% · 4.4%+0.9
1,090
Y-DNA · People on the map
1,026 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 1,070 such votes
73%
Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed
that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs
840
mtDNA · People on the map
821 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 835 such votes
77%
agreement with YFull · Y
how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.
Q-M3 −15.7
gap to YFull · Y
the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 24.8%, YFull 9.1%
25% / 13%
reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA
share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 36.2 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 31.0
13%
Y-DNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
20%
Big Y
rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.
58%
mtDNA · on leaves
share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.
0.78
mt to Y
mtDNA kits per one Y-DNA kit. Below 0.3 means the country tests almost only the paternal line.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+11
Y-DNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12
+8
mtDNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-12 → 2026-11-11

Y-DNA: branches that grew

mtDNA: branches that grew

YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 69 samples by Y-DNA and 5 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 800 BCE, Aridoamerican.

Maya civilization 49 · Pre-Hispanic Mexican 6 · Pericúes 5 · Colonial Mexican 4 · Afro-Mexican 3

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 2,297 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 1,801 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 110 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 77 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Mexico: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/mexico/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.