Denmark: haplogroups

Name: Denmark: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups
Creator: ftdnastat
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

FamilyTreeDNA has 1,635 kits with a Y-DNA result and 1,118 kits with mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA). On the paternal line the most common are R1b-L51 — 35%, I1 — 33% and R1a-M198 — 10%. On the maternal line the most common are H — 44%, U — 14% and T2 — 10%. YFull has 102 samples for Y from the same area, and its mix of major branches is broadly the same. The largest gap is R1b-P312: 12% on FTDNA against 21% on YFull.

Compare with…

55.3

Y-DNA · kits per 100,000 men

rank 18 of 123 among countries. About 3.0 million men (UN, 2023). A kit's country is the ancestor's homeland, not where the tester lives

18.8

mtDNA · kits per 100,000 people

rank 11 of 93 among countries. About 5.9 million people (UN, 2023)

Mitotree, the mt tree of FTDNA Discover, has about 1,846 more samples from here that the public mt tree lacks: mostly academic studies, GenBank among them (copy of 11 November 2026). This page is built from the public FTDNA tree.

Paternal line · Y-DNA

1,635 kits · 30 branches

Main branches of the Y tree. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA).

778 · 47.6% 28k years

R1b-M269

605 · 37.0% 6,500 years

L51

567 · 34.7% 6,100 years

U106

316 · 19.3% 5,000 years

L48

139 · 8.5% 4,500 years

93 · 5.7% 4,200 years

Z18

39 · 2.4% 4,300 years

P312

199 · 12.2% 4,900 years

L21

58 · 3.5% 4,700 years

DF13

44 · 2.7% 4,600 years

DF27

52 · 3.2% 4,700 years

Z195

38 · 2.3% 4,600 years

U152

41 · 2.5% 4,700 years

R1a-M198

163 · 10.0% 8,500 years

Z282

118 · 7.2% 4,800 years

Z284

52 · 3.2% 4,200 years

684 · 41.8% 35k years

545 · 33.3% 20k years

DF29

400 · 24.5% 4,500 years

Z58

171 · 10.5% 4,500 years

Z59

136 · 8.3% 4,300 years

L22

164 · 10.0% 3,900 years

Z2338

128 · 7.8% 3,800 years

134 · 8.2% 25k years

I2b

94 · 5.7% 17k years

CTS616

76 · 4.6% 13k years

42 · 2.6% 52k years

E1b1b-M35

37 · 2.3% 25k years

40 · 2.4% 30k years

37 · 2.3% 28k years

other

91 · 5.6%

Among the rest: G 33, N 26, Q 18, T 12, F 1, H 1.

Maternal line · mtDNA

1,118 kits · 30 branches

Main mt-tree branches grouped by letter, sub-branches indented. Each branch counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived, from FTDNA data where available.

496 · 44.4% 11k years

188 · 16.8% 7,900 years

H1c

61 · 5.5% 5,300 years

H1a

39 · 3.5% 4,800 years

H1-T16189C!

25 · 2.2%

51 · 4.6% 9,300 years

H2a

48 · 4.3% 8,000 years

38 · 3.4% 6,700 years

37 · 3.3% 8,400 years

H5a

24 · 2.1% 7,700 years

30 · 2.7% 6,800 years

H6a1

29 · 2.6% 7,900 years

158 · 14.1% 51k years

U5a'b

90 · 8.1% 30k years

U5a

52 · 4.7% 21k years

U5a1

44 · 3.9% 13k years

U5b

38 · 3.4% 25k years

U2'3'4'7'8'9

65 · 5.8% 50k years

32 · 2.9% 22k years

130 · 11.6% 20k years

110 · 9.8% 15k years

T2b

62 · 5.5% 8,500 years

104 · 9.3% 35k years

82 · 7.3% 28k years

J1c

64 · 5.7% 13k years

98 · 8.8% 29k years

79 · 7.1% 23k years

K1a

40 · 3.6% 11k years

38 · 3.4% 7,500 years

37 · 3.3% 17k years

other

57 · 5.1%

Among the rest: W 16, HV 14, X 10, C 4, N 4, A 4, L 2, M 1, G 1, R 1.

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the region's main characteristic branches, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself. Above the map you can pick the paternal line (Y-DNA) or the maternal one (mtDNA).

Show the mapHide the map The map unfolds by itself as you scroll down to it.

Loading the map…

I-S7660 · 3%
I-Z2535 · 3%
I-Z2040 · 2%
Shared trunk
Territory: Denmark

The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Denmark: Y-DNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

I-S7660: 55 kits · 3.4% (95% confidence interval: 3–4%) (×7.4) 2,900 years
I-P109: 88 kits · 5.4% (95% confidence interval: 4–7%) (×6.3) 3,600 years
I-M253 I1: 545 kits · 33.3% (95% confidence interval: 31–36%) (×3.1) 20k years
I-S63: 486 kits · 29.7% (95% confidence interval: 28–32%) (×3.1) 4,500 years
I-Z2535: 41 kits · 2.5% (95% confidence interval: 2–3%) (×5.2) 3,800 years
I-Z2040: 39 kits · 2.4% (95% confidence interval: 2–3%) (×5.1) 4,000 years
I-CTS6364: 194 kits · 11.9% (95% confidence interval: 10–14%) (×3.2) 4,200 years
I-L22 I1-L22: 164 kits · 10.0% (95% confidence interval: 9–12%) (×3.3) 3,900 years

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

1–12%13–19%20–38%39–54%55–84%Denmarkunder 100 kits

All 112 countries and regions by similarity

Denmark: mtDNA #

Distinctive branches

Branches found here far more often than worldwide: their share is more than 3× the world share. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 10 kits are included.

I1f: 10 kits · 0.9% (95% confidence interval: 0–2%) (×37.8)
T2f: 22 kits · 2.0% (95% confidence interval: 1–3%) (×3.3)
H7b: 12 kits · 1.1% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×3.8)
I4a: 15 kits · 1.3% (95% confidence interval: 1–2%) (×3.2)

Most similar countries

Countries whose mix of major branches looks most like this one. The number is similarity: 100% is the same mix, lower means less in common. Computed only for countries with 100+ kits.

0–28%29–47%48–68%69–80%81–88%Denmarkunder 100 kits

All 71 countries and regions by similarity

YFull

The same country on YFull #

The same country at the second company, YFull. Its samples are placed on the FTDNA tree by shared mutations, so the branches are comparable. FTDNA share on the left, YFull on the right, then the difference in percentage points. Republics and other sub-regions are taken out of the country, as at FTDNA. Starred branches are nearly empty at YFull: every test there is whole-genome and reaches the fine branches. Only YFull customers (YF number) are counted, no ancient DNA. YFull data of 2026-11-02. The tree shows only its top three levels.

Y-DNA

1,635

FTDNA

kits

102

YFull

samples

FTDNAYFull

FTDNA · YFull · Δ

R R-M207

47.6% · 47.1%−0.5

R1b-M269 R-M269

37.0% · 36.3%−0.7

L51 R-L51

34.7% · 36.3%+1.6

R1a-M198 R-M198

10.0% · 10.8%+0.8

Z282 R-Z282

7.2% · 10.8%+3.6

I I-L758

41.8% · 42.2%+0.3

I1 I-M253

33.3% · 32.4%−1

DF29 I-DF29

24.5% · 31.4%+6.9

I2 I-P215

8.2% · 9.8%+1.6

I2b I-M223

5.7% · 6.9%+1.1

E E-M96

2.6% · 2.9%+0.4

E1b1b-M35 E-M35

2.3% · 2.9%+0.7

J J-M304

2.4% · 4.9%+2.5

J2 J-M172

2.3% · 4.9%+2.6

mtDNA

1,118

FTDNA

kits

YFull

samples

FTDNAYFull

FTDNA · YFull · Δ

44.4% · 40.9%−3.5

16.8% · 15.2%−1.7

H1c

5.5% · 3.0%−2.4

H1a

3.5% · 1.5%−2

H1-T16189C!

2.2% · 1.5%−0.7

4.6% · 7.6%+3

H2a

4.3% · 7.6%+3.3

3.4% · 1.5%−1.9

3.3% · 1.5%−1.8

H5a

2.1% · 0.0%−2.1

2.7% · 3.0%+0.3

H6a1

2.6% · 1.5%−1.1

14.1% · 10.6%−3.5

U5a'b

8.1% · 3.0%−5

U5a

4.7% · 1.5%−3.1

U5b

3.4% · 1.5%−1.9

U2'3'4'7'8'9

5.8% · 7.6%+1.8

2.9% · 3.0%+0.2

11.6% · 16.7%+5

9.8% · 16.7%+6.8

T2b

5.5% · 12.1%+6.6

9.3% · 10.6%+1.3

7.3% · 10.6%+3.3

J1c

5.7% · 9.1%+3.4

8.8% · 15.2%+6.4

7.1% · 12.1%+5.1

K1a

3.6% · 3.0%−0.5

3.4% · 1.5%−1.9

3.3% · 3.0%−0.3

The same country on the project maps

In the FTDNA geographic projects a member puts the place of their paternal or maternal ancestor on the map. Here those points are set against the public tree: solid bar the tree, hatched bar the points on the maps, copy of 2026-10-20. A person in several projects counts once. Branches as in the tree above: each counts every kit in it and in its sub-branches.

Y-DNA FTDNA 1,635 · Projects 564

FTDNAProjects

FTDNA · Projects · Δ

R R-M207

47.6% · 52.1%+4.5

R1b-M269 R-M269

37.0% · 41.5%+4.5

L51 R-L51

34.7% · 33.0%−1.7

U106 R-U106

19.3% · 17.9%−1.4

L48 R-L48

8.5% · 8.7%+0.2

P312 R-P312

12.2% · 11.9%−0.3

R1a-M198 R-M198

10.0% · 10.3%+0.3

I I-L758

41.8% · 39.2%−2.7

I1 I-M253

33.3% · 26.1%−7.3

DF29 I-DF29

24.5% · 20.0%−4.4

Z58 I-Z58

10.5% · 9.9%−0.5

Z59 I-Z59

8.3% · 7.8%−0.5

L22 I-L22

10.0% · 6.7%−3.3

I2 I-P215

8.2% · 6.6%−1.6

mtDNA FTDNA 1,118 · Projects 410

FTDNAProjects

FTDNA · Projects · Δ

44.4% · 44.4%0

16.8% · 14.1%−2.7

H1c

5.5% · 3.9%−1.6

14.1% · 15.1%+1

U5a'b

8.1% · 5.6%−2.4

U2'3'4'7'8'9

5.8% · 6.6%+0.8

11.6% · 9.5%−2.1

9.8% · 7.6%−2.3

T2b

5.5% · 4.1%−1.4

9.3% · 10.5%+1.2

7.3% · 6.6%−0.7

J1c

5.7% · 4.9%−0.8

8.8% · 10.2%+1.5

7.1% · 5.6%−1.5

595

Y-DNA · People on the map

564 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 586 such votes

77%

Y-DNA · SNP-confirmed

that many have the branch confirmed by an SNP test, the rest predicted from STRs

411

mtDNA · People on the map

410 of them have a branch of the tree; relatives with one ancestor at one place count as one, 408 such votes

82%

agreement with YFull · Y

how closely the Y tree branches match between FTDNA and YFull, each branch counted without its sub-branches. 100% is identical, below 80% is visibly different.

R-P312 +8.4

gap to YFull · Y

the Y branch whose share differs most between the two companies: FTDNA 12.2%, YFull 20.6%

24% / 16%

reached the finest branch: YFull / FTDNA

share of YFull samples and FTDNA kits that reached the finest branch of the FTDNA tree. On average a YFull sample sits 37.1 branchings from the root, an FTDNA kit 32.2

16%

Y-DNA · on leaves

share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.

28%

Big Y

rough share of kits with a Big Y test, a full read of the Y chromosome. It is estimated from the branches where the region's kits sit, so it is an estimate, not a count.

44%

mtDNA · on leaves

share of kits that reached the finest branch of the tree. The rest stopped at a broad branch: their test was not detailed enough.

0.68

mt to Y

mtDNA kits per one Y-DNA kit. Below 0.3 means the country tests almost only the paternal line.

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-09 and 2026-11-12. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

Y-DNA, FTDNA

new kits, 2026-10-09 → 2026-11-12

mtDNA, FTDNA

new kits, 2026-10-12 → 2026-11-11

Y-DNA: branches that grew

mtDNA: branches that grew

H1i: +1

YFull

Regions on YFull #

Regions that cannot be picked at FTDNA but are reported by YFull customers. Regions with 20 or more samples are shown; modern YFull customers only. YFull regions →

Regions on YFull
Country / region	Y	mt	Leading
Sjaelland DK-85	27	18	R-L51 R1b-L51 59%, I-DF29 I1-DF29 19%, R-Z282 R1a-Z282 15%
Syddanmark DK-83	23	7	I-DF29 I1-DF29 35%, R-P312 R1b-P312 22%, R-Z282 R1a-Z282 17%

YFull

Peoples and languages on YFull #

Native language reported by YFull customers from this country. People from regions with a page of their own (republics, autonomies) are shown there. These are the testers' own answers, not a census.

Danes 14 / 7
English 2 / 3

Ancient relatives of male lines #

Which cultures of the Copper Age and Early Bronze Age (4000–2000 BCE) the local male lines lead to most closely. The share is how many kits lead to a culture; the range is in brackets.

CulturesBranches

Left: the major branches through which the lines lead to a culture; right: all major branches. Grey: the part of a branch without ancient relatives of this era.

Neolithic Scandinavian and Bell Beaker cultureshared branches: R-P310, I-S63, R-M417
in the same bar: Corded Ware84%(47%–89%)
No close ancient relativesalso cultures under 3% and kits with shallow tests16%

How it is counted

Branches of the era. We take the ancient samples whose date falls inside the era, and compare the lines as they stood 1,500 years before the era ends.
A culture’s profile is the share of its lines on those branches. The number of samples does not change a weight: a culture of seven men weighs as much as one of a hundred and twenty.
A shallow test. An ancient man typed above the cut is spread over the branches under his node, by how many men each holds now. Today’s kits are treated the same way.
Who is admitted. A culture takes part when its sharply typed men cover 25% of the population on their own: branch by branch we add the smaller of the two shares, the culture’s and the population’s. One dug within 550 km needs only 0.5%.
The shares. We pick the weights of the cultures so that their mixture comes as close as it can to today’s set of branches.
Look-alike cultures. When cultures share almost all their branches, the data cannot say whose kin the men are. So we do not split the share between them: they get one bar.
The range. We recount everything on random subsets of the samples. In brackets are the bounds the share keeps in nine runs out of ten. A share that can fall below 5%, or below half of itself, is not shown at all.

What it does not mean. This is kinship of male lines, not the origin of a people. The female lines say nothing here. Who takes a test is a matter of chance, so the shares compare between countries, not with a census.

Ancient samples

From excavations on this territory: 368 samples by Y-DNA and 495 samples by mtDNA. The oldest: 8,515 BCE, Maglemosian culture.

Iron Age Scandinavian 129 · Medieval Danish 70 · Viking Age Danish 66 · Neolithic Scandinavian 30 · Bronze Age Scandinavian 19

All ancient samples →

Data on this page: FamilyTreeDNA Y tree, 12 November 2026: 1,635 kits; FamilyTreeDNA mtDNA tree, 11 November 2026: 1,118 kits; YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 102 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 66 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Denmark: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/c/denmark/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.