U4d
U4d is a branch of the FamilyTreeDNA mt tree with 237 kits that gave a country, counting all sub-branches. It is most common in these samples: Latvia (2.3% of kits), Montenegro (1.6% of kits), Estonia (1.2% of kits). The branch's common foremother lived about 13k years ago: the FTDNA Discover estimate runs from 12k to 15k years ago. YFull has 150 samples in this branch and dates its common foremother to 6,900 years ago.
Where it is found #
Countries and regions given by the branch's carriers. “Share of branch” is the part of the branch's kits that belongs to the country. “Share of country” is the part of that country's kits that falls into the branch; it is computed only for countries with at least 50 kits.
| Country / region | kits | Share of branch | Share of country |
|---|---|---|---|
| Finland | 69 | 0.9% | |
| Russian Federation | 24 | 0.9% | |
| Sweden | 21 | 0.2% | |
| Germany | 20 | 0.2% | |
| Poland | 16 | 0.4% | |
| Ireland | 12 | 0.1% | |
| United States | 12 | <0.1% | |
| England | 7 | <0.1% | |
| Lithuania | 7 | 0.7% | |
| Latvia | 6 | 2.3% | |
| United Kingdom | 5 | 0.1% | |
| Austria | 3 | 0.4% | |
| Estonia | 3 | 1.2% | |
| Hungary | 3 | 0.3% | |
| Slovakia | 3 | 0.5% | |
| Ukraine | 3 | 0.1% | |
| Belarus | 2 | 0.3% | |
| Croatia | 2 | 0.7% | |
| Czech Republic | 2 | 0.2% | |
| Netherlands | 2 | 0.1% |
14 more
The remaining countries and regions (14), 15 kits in total: Scotland 2, Armenia 1, Belgium 1, Canada 1, Denmark 1, Greece 1, Italy 1, Kosovo 1, Moldova 1, Montenegro 1, Spain 1, Switzerland 1, Turkey 1, United States (Native American) 1.
Most common among these peoples #
From YFull samples that gave a mother tongue: the part of a people's samples that falls into this branch. Peoples with at least 3 samples in the branch are listed.
- Russians: 0.8% of samples (3 of 370)
Sub-branches #
Sub-branches that have their own page (50 kits or more). The bar is the kits in the sub-branch with its own sub-branches; the age is when its common foremother lived.
2 small sub-branches more without a page: 4 kits. On the branch itself, without a resolved sub-branch: 85 kits.
The same branch on YFull #
YFull builds its tree from the same SNPs; the node is matched by name or by a shared SNP. TMRCA is when the common ancestor of all samples lived, formed is when the branch split from its parent. Intervals are 95%.
U4d: 150 samples. The common foremother lived 6,900 years ago (5,100–9,300); the branch split off 13k years ago (9,900–17k).
In the site's findings #
- Distinctive branch for Russian Federation: 0.9% of kits, 4.9 times the world share