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China: ancient DNA

415
Y-DNA
samples
409
mtDNA
samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

18,000–17,000 BCE
1 · 0.2%
13,000–12,000 BCE
2 · 0.5%
10,000–9,000 BCE
1 · 0.2%
9,000–8,000 BCE
2 · 0.5%
8,000–7,000 BCE
2 · 0.5%
7,000–6,000 BCE
4 · 1.0%
6,000–5,000 BCE
10 · 2.4%
5,000–4,000 BCE
3 · 0.7%
4,000–3,000 BCE
26 · 6.3%
3,000–2,000 BCE
47 · 11.3%
2,000–1,000 BCE
37 · 8.9%
1,000–0 BCE
136 · 32.8%
0–1,000 CE
71 · 17.1%
1,000–2,000 CE
73 · 17.6%
Y-DNA

Branches #

C-Z1315
56 · 13.5%
O-A9459
55 · 13.3%
N-L729
28 · 6.7%
O-M1310
17 · 4.1%
R-M343
14 · 3.4%
D-P47
12 · 2.9%
C-CTS11990
11 · 2.7%
N-L708
10 · 2.4%
O-F149
10 · 2.4%
R-Z2124
10 · 2.4%
O-Z26091
9 · 2.2%
C-MPB338
7 · 1.7%
Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

101,000–100,000 BCE
1 · 0.2%
57,000–56,000 BCE
1 · 0.2%
38,000–37,000 BCE
1 · 0.2%
5,000–4,000 BCE
1 · 0.2%
3,000–2,000 BCE
29 · 7.1%
2,000–1,000 BCE
36 · 8.8%
1,000–0 BCE
150 · 36.7%
0–1,000 CE
39 · 9.5%
1,000–2,000 CE
5 · 1.2%
mtDNA

Branches #

A
42 · 10.3%
D4j
27 · 6.6%
M9
26 · 6.4%
C4
23 · 5.6%
M
22 · 5.4%
D4
19 · 4.6%
F1
15 · 3.7%
R1
10 · 2.4%
D4b
10 · 2.4%
C4a1a
10 · 2.4%
C4a
10 · 2.4%
U2
10 · 2.4%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample Culture Site Date Branch Study
Amur 19K NE56 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 17,431 BCE C-F1906 Mao et al. 2021; T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zhaodong 34 NE34 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 12,604 BCE C-F3447 ? Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 5 NE-5 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 12,466 BCE C-F3447 ? Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 8 NE-8 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 9,439 BCE C-M48 Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 3 NE-3 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 8,763 BCE C-F3447 ? Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 4 NE-4 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 8,571 BCE C-F3447 ? Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 30 NE30 East Asian Hunter-Gatherer Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 7,972 BCE C-F3977 ? Mao et al. 2021
Songhua 45 NE45 Jiahu Songhua River, Heilongjiang 7,277 BCE Q-MEH2 ? Mao et al. 2021
Xinglong F11-W1 XinglongT0907F11_West1 Yumin Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 6,906 BCE N-F1419 ? F. Zhang et al. 2026; T. Liu et al. 2025
Xinglong F11-W2 XinglongT0907F11_West2 Yumin Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 6,871 BCE N-FTJ202 F. Zhang et al. 2026; T. Liu et al. 2025
Dushan 4-1 Dushan4_1 Neolithic East Asian Dushan, Guangxi 6,834 BCE O-F1275 ? T. Wang et al. 2021; Y. Liu et al. 2021
Zhaodong 39 NE39 Neolithic Chinese Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 6,235 BCE C-F1756 Mao et al. 2021
Xiaojingshan 1309 XJS1309_M4 Neolithic Chinese Xiaojingshan, Jinan 5,877 BCE N-Z4871 ? M. A. Yang et al. 2020
Sitai 1 Sitai1 Sitai Sitai, Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,745 BCE N-FTJ202 T. Liu et al. 2025
Sitai 5 Sitai5 Sitai Sitai, Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,745 BCE N-FTJ202 ? T. Liu et al. 2025
Sitai 7 Sitai7 Sitai Sitai, Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,745 BCE N-FTJ202 T. Liu et al. 2025
Sitai 8 Sitai8 Sitai Sitai, Shangyi County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,745 BCE N-FTJ202 T. Liu et al. 2025
Xinglong F3-3 XinglongT0906F3_3 Yumin Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,550 BCE N-FTJ203 T. Liu et al. 2025
Xinglong M3-C XinglongT0906M3_Central Yumin Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,550 BCE N-FTJ203 F. Zhang et al. 2026; T. Liu et al. 2025
Xinglong M3-W XinglongT0906M3_West Yumin Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 5,550 BCE N-FTJ203 F. Zhang et al. 2026; T. Liu et al. 2025
Zhaodong 58 NE58 Jiahu Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 5,347 BCE C-F3977 ? Mao et al. 2021
NE 19 NE19 Northern bank of the Songhua Rive, Zhaodongr 5,061 BCE C-F12870 Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 22 NE-22 Yangshao Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 4,881 BCE C-F3447 ? Mao et al. 2021
Zhaodong 2 NE-2 Neolithic Chinese Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 4,369 BCE C-F3977 ? Mao et al. 2021
Xiaowu 18 XW-M1R18 Yangshao Xiaowu, Henan 4,106 BCE Q-FGC85993 C. Ning et al. 2020
Xinglong M5 XinglongT0806M5 Neolithic Chinese Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,751 BCE N-FTK1390 F. Zhang et al. 2026; T. Liu et al. 2025
Xinglong M1 XinglongT1005M1 Neolithic Chinese Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,636 BCE N-FTK1390 F. Zhang et al. 2026; T. Liu et al. 2025
Xinglong M2 A433 Neolithic Chinese Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,447 BCE N-FTK1390 F. Zhang et al. 2026
Miaozigou 10-1 MZGM10-1 Miaozigou Miaozigou, Inner Mongolia 3,300 BCE C-CTS10923 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Miaozigou 16 MZGM16 Miaozigou Miaozigou, Inner Mongolia 3,300 BCE C-CTS10923 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Wanggou 43 WGM43 Yangshao Wanggou, Henan 3,300 BCE O-M133 C. Ning et al. 2020
Wanggou 94 WGM94 Yangshao Wanggou, Henan 3,300 BCE O-MF14615 C. Ning et al. 2020
Banlashan 41 BLSM41 Hongshan Banlashan, Liaoning 3,300 BCE O-P164 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Zhengjiagou 2 ZJG2 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,181 BCE N-F1993 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C24-22 JZ24089582-C24-22 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z1315 ? R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C25-45 JZ24082566-C25-45 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 ? R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C8-28 JZ24089566-C8-28 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 ? R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C10-29 JZ24089568-C10-29 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 ? R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C22-15 JZ24089580-C22-15 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C26-2 JZ24089583-C26-2 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 ? R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C28-14 JZ24089585-C28-14 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou 1 ZJG1 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou 3 ZJG3 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou 4 ZJG4 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 ? R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou 9 ZJG9 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE C-Z31667 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou 6 ZJG6 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE N-F1993 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou C18-44 JZ24089576-C18-44 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,150 BCE N-MF614 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zhengjiagou 7 ZJG7 Hongshan Zhengjiagou , Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 3,125 BCE C-Z31667 R. Wang et al. 2025 (Mol. biol. evol.)
Zongri 4783 C4783_C202 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 3,111 BCE N-F1486 ? H. Wang et al. 2023; T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xingyi M20 XingyiM20 Neolithic Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 3,003 BCE O-F2028 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Songshugou 15 C3343 Afanasievo Songshugou, Altay Prefecture 3,002 BCE C-FTD31081 Kumar et al. 2022
Nileke 3N G218M5-3N Afanasievo Nileke County, Xinjiang 2,996 BCE Q-F2235 F. Zhang et al. 2021
Nileke 218 G218M5-2 Afanasievo Nileke County, Xinjiang 2,879 BCE R-M12149 ? F. Zhang et al. 2021
Ayituohan 22B AYIM22BY Afanasievo Ayituohan cemetery, Xinjiang 2,827 BCE Q-NGQ1 F. Zhang et al. 2021; Kumar et al. 2022
Mabu NM 14-N MabucoNM14_N Neolithic Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 2,800 BCE C-FTC47188 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Nileke 5-1 C3340 Afanasievo Nileke County, Xinjiang 2,795 BCE R-Z2109 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zongri 50 C050 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,730 BCE O-MF14640 H. Wang et al. 2023
Nileke 5-3 C3341 Afanasievo Nileke County, Xinjiang 2,721 BCE R-P310 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zongri 208 C208 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,713 BCE O-F2887 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Mabu NM 14-S MabucoNM14_S Neolithic Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 2,700 BCE O-F25554 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Bolati 18 C1707 Chemurchek Bolati, Altay Prefecture 2,682 BCE R-M12149 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Mabu SM 23-1 MabucoSM23_1 Neolithic Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 2,650 BCE O-F25554 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Shengedaliang 6 SM-SGDLM6 Shimao Shengedaliang, Shaanxi 2,639 BCE O-MF15397 C. Ning et al. 2020
Zongri 48 CSP048 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,607 BCE N-CTS4714 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Xingyi M12 XingyiM12 Neolithic Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 2,565 BCE O-F2028 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Habahe 22B C794 Bronze Age Central Asian Habahe, Xinjiang 2,548 BCE Q-NGQ1 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Lajia 3 LJM3 Qijia Lajia, Qinghai 2,529 BCE O-MF181029 C. Ning et al. 2020
Xingyi M14 XingyiM14 Neolithic Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 2,515 BCE O-F26580 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zongri 4777 C4777 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,500 BCE N-CTS4714 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Zongri 4780 C4780 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,500 BCE N-CTS4714 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Zongri 4779 C4779 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,500 BCE N-F2407 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Zongri 4782 C4782 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,500 BCE N-M1845 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Zongri 4774 C4774 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,500 BCE O-F2887 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Mabu SM 19-33 MabucoSM19_33 Neolithic Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 2,500 BCE O-PH5308 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Xingyi M7 XingyiM7 Neolithic Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 2,455 BCE C-CTS10923 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Tanshishan 5696 L5696 Tanshishan Tanshishan, Fujian 2,400 BCE O-PK4 ? M. A. Yang et al. 2020
Zongri 46 CSP046 Bronze Age Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,381 BCE N-F2407 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Mabu SM 26-2 MabucoSM26_2 Neolithic Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 2,350 BCE D-M533 J. Ran et al. 2025
Jinchankou 1-1 JCKM1-1 Qijia Jinchankou, Qinghai 2,346 BCE O-Z44053 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Zongri 4781 C4781 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,321 BCE O-F2887 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Zongri 4776 C4776 Neolithic Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,307 BCE D-FTE271 H. Wang et al. 2023
Chaganguole M3 C2043 Chemurchek Chaganguole, Altay Prefecture 2,274 BCE C-F1906 Kumar et al. 2022
Chaganguole T1M2 C2036 Chemurchek Chaganguole, Altay Prefecture 2,274 BCE Q-L275 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Chaganguole M2 C2037 Chemurchek Chaganguole, Altay Prefecture 2,274 BCE R-M12149 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Chaganguole XQBM3 C2048 Chemurchek Chaganguole, Altay Prefecture 2,274 BCE R-M12149 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zongri 57 CSP057 Bronze Age Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,261 BCE N-F2407 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Tuoganbai 3-2 C1702 Bronze Age Central Asian Tuoganbai, Xinjiang 2,250 BCE Q-L330 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Tuoganbai 2-1 C1704 Bronze Age Central Asian Tuoganbai, Xinjiang 2,250 BCE R-M12149 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Tuoganbai 2-3 C1700 Bronze Age Central Asian Tuoganbai, Xinjiang 2,250 BCE R-Z2109 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Tuoganbai 3-1 C1701 Chemurchek Tuoganbai, Xinjiang 2,250 BCE R-Z2109 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Chaganguole M1 C2047 Chemurchek Chaganguole, Altay Prefecture 2,237 BCE R-YP4141 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zongri 54 CSP054 Bronze Age Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 2,167 BCE N-M1845 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Shengedaliang 27 SM-SGDLM27 Shimao Shengedaliang, Shaanxi 2,100 BCE C-PH1064 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Pingliangtai 311 PLTM311 Longshan Pingliangtai, Henan 2,099 BCE N-MF21116 C. Ning et al. 2020
Chaganguole T5 C2046 Chemurchek Chaganguole, Altay Prefecture 2,088 BCE R-M12149 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Wadian 16 WD-WT1H16 Longshan Wadian, Henan 2,086 BCE O-F3386 C. Ning et al. 2020
Haojiatai 107 HJTM107 Longshan Haojiatai, Henan 2,043 BCE C-CTS10923 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Pingliangtai 312 PLTM312 Longshan Pingliangtai, Henan 2,027 BCE N-MF21116 C. Ning et al. 2020
Zongri 205 C205 Bronze Age Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 1,968 BCE N-F2407 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Lajia 25 LJM25 Qijia Lajia, Qinghai 1,950 BCE D-Y65054 C. Ning et al. 2020; PRJCA045208
Lajia 5 LJM5 Qijia Lajia, Qinghai 1,950 BCE O-MF181029 C. Ning et al. 2020
Mabu SM 2-S MabucoSM2_S Bronze Age Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 1,900 BCE O-F25554 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Xiaohe 5209 L5209 Bronze Age Tarim Basin Xiaohe cemetery, Xinjiang 1,900 BCE R-FT303220 F. Zhang et al. 2021
Xiaohe 5213 L5213 Bronze Age Tarim Basin Xiaohe cemetery, Xinjiang 1,900 BCE R-FTC300 F. Zhang et al. 2021
Shimao-Hanjiagedan 2 Shimao_HJGD_2 Shimao Shimao-Hanjiagedan, Gaojiabu Town, Shenmu County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province 1,857 BCE N-M1845 ? Z. Chen et al. 2025
Mabu SM 24-S MabucoSM24_S Bronze Age Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 1,825 BCE O-F20067 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Zongri 49 CSP049 Bronze Age Central Asian Zongri, Hainan, Qinghai 1,819 BCE N-F1173 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Xingyi M18 XingyiM18 Bronze Age Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,788 BCE O-F26580 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xingyi M2 XingyiM2 Bronze Age Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,754 BCE O-F21633 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Ladian M26 LadianM26 Bronze Age Yunnan Ladian, Yuanmou, Chuxiong Yi, Yunnan 1,750 BCE C-Z1315 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Ladian M48 LadianM48 Bronze Age Yunnan Ladian, Yuanmou, Chuxiong Yi, Yunnan 1,750 BCE D-PH43 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xingyi M19 XingyiM19 Bronze Age Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,746 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xingyi M5 XingyiM5 Bronze Age Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,742 BCE O-FTB25296 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Beifang 11 11KBM1 Bronze Age Tarim Basin Beifang cemetery, Taklamakan Desert 1,725 BCE R-FTC300 F. Zhang et al. 2021
Erdaojingzi 124 EDM124 Lower Xiajiadian Erdaojingzi, Inner Mongolia 1,594 BCE O-CTS11193 C. Ning et al. 2020
Xingyi W3 XingyiW3 Bronze Age Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,568 BCE O-F26580 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Tangbalesayi 3 C1714 Andronovo Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 1,566 BCE R-Z2123 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Wutulan 4 C1639 Andronovo Wutulan, Xinjiang 1,541 BCE Q-M346 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Baiyangcun M4 BaiyangcunM4 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,540 BCE D-F1031 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun W5 BaiyangcunW5 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE N-CTS4714 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M1 W BaiyangcunM1_W Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE N-F2407 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M5 BaiyangcunM5 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE O-CTS11192 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M13 BaiyangcunM13 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE O-F317 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M12-3 BaiyangcunM12_3 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE O-M134 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M9 BaiyangcunM9 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE O-MF185507 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M8 BaiyangcunM8 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE O-Y27883 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun M10 BaiyangcunM10 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,500 BCE O-Z25914 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Mabu NM 11 MabucoNM11 Bronze Age Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 1,475 BCE C-FTC47188 J. Ran et al. 2025
Xingyi M1 XingyiM1 Bronze Age Yunnan Xingyi, Tonghai, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,475 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zhaodong 61 NE61 Bronze Age Chinese Northern bank of the Songhua River, Zhaodong 1,473 BCE N-L735 ? Mao et al. 2021
Baiyangcun M1 E BaiyangcunM1_E Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,464 BCE O-FTB25296 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Baiyangcun W1 BaiyangcunW1 Bronze Age Yunnan Baiyangcun, Binchuan, Dali Bai, Yunnan 1,464 BCE O-MF90583 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Wutulan 17 C4282 Andronovo Wutulan, Xinjiang 1,463 BCE R-Z93 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jiaozuoniecun 2 JXNTM2 Bronze Age Chinese Jiaozuoniecun, Henan 1,300 BCE O-SK1768 C. Ning et al. 2020
Mabu SM 12 MabucoSM12 Bronze Age Tibetan Plateau Mabu Co, Ngari 1,300 BCE O-Z25914 ? J. Ran et al. 2025
Xueshan M19 XueshanM19 Bronze Age Yunnan Xueshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,000 BCE O-F149 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xueshan M21 XueshanM21 Bronze Age Yunnan Xueshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,000 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xueshan M22 XueshanM22 Bronze Age Yunnan Xueshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,000 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xueshan M23 XueshanM23 Bronze Age Yunnan Xueshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 1,000 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Tingcun 3430 C3430 Bronze Age Central Asian Tingcun, Shannan, Tibet 945 BCE O-Y27883 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Jinlianshan M62 JinlianshanM62 Iron Age Yunnan Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 901 BCE O-M95 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Longtoushan 18 91KLH18 Upper Xiajiadian Longtoushan, Jilin 863 BCE N-MF16153 C. Ning et al. 2020
Pukagongma 133 CSP133 Iron Age Central Asian Pukagongma, Yushu, Qinghai 860 BCE D-PH3166 H. Wang et al. 2023; T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Liushui 31-1 C1246 Iron Age Central Asian Liushui, Xinjiang 844 BCE Q-SK1995 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Liushui 1-1 C1235 Iron Age Central Asian Liushui, Xinjiang 802 BCE Q-L330 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Pukagongma 137 CSP137 Iron Age Central Asian Pukagongma, Yushu, Qinghai 787 BCE D-FTE271 H. Wang et al. 2023
Pukagongma 134 CSP134 Iron Age Central Asian Pukagongma, Yushu, Qinghai 787 BCE D-PH1281 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Haibaoshan M96 HaibaoshanM96 Early Dian Haibaoshan, Jinning, Kunming, Yunnan 785 BCE O-FTB24516 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xioaoenda 1036 C1036 Iron Age Central Asian Xioaoenda, Chamdo, Tibet 769 BCE O-CTS11192 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Ousui 3991 C3991 Iron Age Central Asian Ousui, Nagqu, Tibet 715 BCE O-FT304539 H. Wang et al. 2023
Longtoushan 2 91KLM2 Upper Xiajiadian Longtoushan, Jilin 700 BCE C-F9721 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Abusanteer 24 C4131 Iron Age Central Asian Abusanteer, Xinjiang 667 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jicha M22 JichaM22 Iron Age Yunnan Jicha, Weixi Lisu, Diqing, Yunnan 629 BCE O-Y27883 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jicha M35 JichaM35 Iron Age Yunnan Jicha, Weixi Lisu, Diqing, Yunnan 629 BCE O-Z25914 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Songshugou 5 C3352 Iron Age Central Asian Songshugou, Altay Prefecture 624 BCE R-M417 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jicha M37 JichaM37 Iron Age Yunnan Jicha, Weixi Lisu, Diqing, Yunnan 600 BCE O-Y27883 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jicha M42 JichaM42 Iron Age Yunnan Jicha, Weixi Lisu, Diqing, Yunnan 600 BCE O-Y34065 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Guanzhuang 25 GZM25-1d Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE C-PH1160 ? X. Wu et al. 2024
Guanzhuang 5G GZM5G Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE C-Z45295 ? X. Wu et al. 2024
Guanzhuang 29 GZW29erc Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE N-M128 ? X. Wu et al. 2024
Guanzhuang 76 GZM76 Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE N-MF15577 X. Wu et al. 2024
Guanzhuang 26 GZM26 Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE O-M1518 ? X. Wu et al. 2024
Guanzhuang 19 GZM19-2G Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE Q-F4743 ? X. Wu et al. 2024
Guanzhuang 2266 GZH2266 Iron Age Chinese Guanzhuang Village, Henan Province 595 BCE Q-FGC14753 ? X. Wu et al. 2024
Dongtalede 5 C1711 Iron Age Central Asian Dongtalede, Altay Prefecture 588 BCE R-PH1397 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Dongtalede 5-2 C1713 Iron Age Central Asian Dongtalede, Altay Prefecture 588 BCE R-S23592 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Dongtalede 36 C1710 Iron Age Central Asian Dongtalede, Altay Prefecture 588 BCE R-SK2081 Kumar et al. 2022
Sahaxibei 5 C3365 Iron Age Central Asian Sahaxibei, Xinjiang 583 BCE R-BY86775 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Ayousaigoukou 2W C1660 Iron Age Central Asian Ayousaigoukou, Xinjiang 583 BCE R-PF6162 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jinlianshan M75-2-1 JinlianshanM75_2_1 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 578 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Wuzan 24 C847 Iron Age Central Asian Wuzan, Xinjiang 571 BCE R-FT361710 Kumar et al. 2022
Jicha M11 JichaM11 Iron Age Yunnan Jicha, Weixi Lisu, Diqing, Yunnan 570 BCE O-Y34065 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xueshan T505-3 XueshanT0505_3 Dian Xueshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 569 BCE O-Z24087 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Butaxiongqu 144 CSP144 Iron Age Central Asian Butaxiongqu, Nagqu, Tibet 567 BCE O-Z25914 ? H. Wang et al. 2023; T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Eminhuojierte 29 C4255 Iron Age Central Asian Eminhuojierte, Tacheng Region 567 BCE R-YP1548 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 17 C1212 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE N-B187 Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 25-1 C1220 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE Q-FT179414 Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 26-1 C1222 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE Q-FT179414 Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 1-3 C1192 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE Q-Y233685 Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 25-2 C1221 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE Q-YP3953 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 35-1 C1229 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE Q-YP3955 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Wuzan 66B C851 Iron Age Central Asian Wuzan, Xinjiang 565 BCE R-S23592 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Dongmaili 50A C791 Iron Age Central Asian Dongmaili, Xinjiang 565 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Dongmaili 50B C792 Iron Age Central Asian Dongmaili, Xinjiang 565 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jierzankale 2 C1194 Iron Age Central Asian Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 565 BCE R-Z93 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Dongmaili 40D C790 Iron Age Central Asian Dongmaili, Xinjiang 565 BCE R-Z93 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Sila 404 C404 Iron Age Central Asian Sila, Shigatse, Tibet 551 BCE C-CTS10923 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Dongkangliu 30813 I30813x Imperial Chinese Dongkangliu, Tengzhou, Zaozhuang, Shandong 513 BCE C-MF10321 P. Du, K. Zhu, M. Wang et al. 2024
Jierzankale 14 C1206 Iron Age Chinese Jierzankale, Kashgar Prefecture 500 BCE Q-FT179414 Kumar et al. 2022
Gaozhai M4-5 GaozhaiM4_5 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 497 BCE D-FTJ6 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Abusanteer 22 C4273 Iron Age Central Asian Abusanteer, Xinjiang 496 BCE L-PH617 Kumar et al. 2022
Abusanteer 7 C4272 Iron Age Central Asian Abusanteer, Xinjiang 496 BCE Q-BZ3108 Kumar et al. 2022
Abusanteer 33 C4268 Iron Age Central Asian Abusanteer, Xinjiang 496 BCE Q-YP4024 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Gaozhai M4-4 GaozhaiM4_4 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 472 BCE D-FTJ6 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Gaozhai M4-6 GaozhaiM4_6 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 472 BCE D-FTJ6 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Junmachanyilian 14 C1650 Iron Age Central Asian Junmachanyilian, Xinjiang 470 BCE N-Y147658 Kumar et al. 2022
Zhagunluke 44Q C837 Zaghunluq Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 454 BCE R-BY86775 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Gaozhai M4-7 GaozhaiM4_7 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 450 BCE C-CTS10923 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Gaozhai M4-15 GaozhaiM4_15 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 450 BCE C-F845 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Gaozhai M4-17 GaozhaiM4_17 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 450 BCE C-Z1315 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Gaozhai M4-8 GaozhaiM4_8 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 450 BCE D-FTJ6 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Gaozhai M4-11 GaozhaiM4_11 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 450 BCE O-F2887 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Xueshan M28 XueshanM28 Dian Xueshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 450 BCE O-MF8526 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zhagunluke 75 M75x Iron Age Central Asian Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 400 BCE R-M12298 ? X. Yang et al. 2025
Gaozhai M1-1-1 GaozhaiM1_1_1 Iron Age Yunnan Gaozhai, Yulong, Lijiang, Yunnan 312 BCE O-M324 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jirentaigoukou 23 C1368 Iron Age Central Asian Jirentaigoukou, Xinjiang 306 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jirentaigoukou 22 C1362 Iron Age Central Asian Jirentaigoukou, Xinjiang 306 BCE R-Z94 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Axile 6 C3363 Iron Age Central Asian Axile, Xinjiang 303 BCE R-YP5906 Kumar et al. 2022
Caishichang 6 C3320 Iron Age Central Asian Caishichang, Xinjiang 302 BCE J-Z7706 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Piyangjiweng 4563 C4563 Iron Age Central Asian Piyangjiweng, Ngari, Tibet 300 BCE D-MF80076 H. Wang et al. 2023
Tielieketesai 3 C3354 Iron Age Central Asian Tielieketesai, Xinjiang 300 BCE J-FT24973 Kumar et al. 2022
Piyangjiweng 4566 C4566 Iron Age Central Asian Piyangjiweng, Ngari, Tibet 300 BCE N-CTS4714 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Piyangjiweng 4570 C4570 Iron Age Central Asian Piyangjiweng, Ngari, Tibet 300 BCE N-F2905 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Shirenzigou 3 Shirenzigou_X3 Shirenzigou Shirenzigou, Xinjiang 300 BCE Q-F4741 ? C. Ning et al. 2019; C. Ning et al. 2026
Simutasi 66 C1679 Iron Age Central Asian Simutasi, Xinjiang 300 BCE R-FTJ33651 Kumar et al. 2022
Simutasi 88 C1678 Iron Age Central Asian Simutasi, Xinjiang 300 BCE R-S23592 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Ayousaigoukou 6 C1658 Iron Age Central Asian Ayousaigoukou, Xinjiang 298 BCE J-PF4678 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Ayousaigoukou 7 C1659 Iron Age Central Asian Ayousaigoukou, Xinjiang 298 BCE J-Z18297 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Kuokesuxi 16 C1672 Iron Age Central Asian Kuokesuxi, Xinjiang 297 BCE R-PF6162 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Nileke 61 C3324 Wusun Nileke County, Xinjiang 295 BCE R-S21872 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Baiyanghe 25 C3617 Iron Age Central Asian Baiyanghe, Xinjiang 294 BCE O-Z25914 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Wulanbuluke 1 C4279 Iron Age Central Asian Wulanbuluke, Xinjiang 291 BCE R-PH1397 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Kuokesuxi 89-C1 C1673 Iron Age Central Asian Kuokesuxi, Xinjiang 279 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jinlianshan M29-4-5 JinlianshanM29_4_5 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 275 BCE O-PK4 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Kalatasi 3 C1705 Iron Age Central Asian Kalatasi, Altay Prefecture 271 BCE C-F10312 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Kalatasi 2 C1706 Iron Age Central Asian Kalatasi, Altay Prefecture 271 BCE C-FTH935 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Tangbalesayi 8 C787 Wusun Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 271 BCE R-FTF66 Kumar et al. 2022
Nileke 64 C3333 Wusun Nileke County, Xinjiang 268 BCE R-Z93 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jinlianshan M29-2 JinlianshanM29_2 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 264 BCE O-CTS10965 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zhagunluke 14F C818 Iron Age Central Asian Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 240 BCE R-BY86775 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zhagunluke 24A C3671 Iron Age Central Asian Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 240 BCE R-FT187346 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zhagunluke 14AG C830 Zaghunluq Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 240 BCE R-FTD16668 Kumar et al. 2022
Zhagunluke 14C C814 Iron Age Central Asian Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 240 BCE R-PH200 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zhagunluke 44P C836 Zaghunluq Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 240 BCE R-PH200 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Piyangjiweng 4565 C4565 Iron Age Central Asian Piyangjiweng, Ngari, Tibet 233 BCE N-F1173 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Wutulan 2B C4283 Iron Age Central Asian Wutulan, Xinjiang 231 BCE Q-BZ181 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jirentaigoukou 66AB C1366 Iron Age Central Asian Jirentaigoukou, Xinjiang 231 BCE R-PH1397 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jirentaigoukou 66CD C1364 Iron Age Central Asian Jirentaigoukou, Xinjiang 231 BCE R-S23592 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Wutulan 12 C1649 Suodunbulake Wutulan, Xinjiang 230 BCE Q-BZ3096 Kumar et al. 2022
Wutulan 10 C1647 Suodunbulake Wutulan, Xinjiang 230 BCE R-YP5906 Kumar et al. 2022
Jinlianshan M30-1-2 JinlianshanM30_1_2 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 229 BCE N-TY51202 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M30-3 JinlianshanM30_3 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 229 BCE O-Z24087 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Yusa 5145 C5145 Iron Age Central Asian Yusa, Shannan, Tibet 225 BCE N-F1173 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Nudagang 5149 C5149 Iron Age Central Asian Nudagang, Shigatse, Tibet 219 BCE O-M133 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Tangbalesayi 5N C4263 Iron Age Central Asian Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 210 BCE R-FTF66 Kumar et al. 2022
Tangbalesayi 5 C785 Iron Age Central Asian Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 210 BCE R-FTF66 Kumar et al. 2022
Tangbalesayi 7 C627 Wusun Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 210 BCE R-S23592 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Tangbalesayi 7-2 C4257 Iron Age Central Asian Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 210 BCE R-Z94 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zhouhe 3 ZHM3 Imperial Chinese Zhouhe, Linzi District, Zibo, Shandong 205 BCE O-MF15231 L. Qiu et al. 2026
Jiesang 3455 C3455 Iron Age Central Asian Jiesang, Shannan, Tibet 205 BCE O-Y85255 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Kuokesuxi 18 C1668 Iron Age Central Asian Kuokesuxi, Xinjiang 204 BCE N-Y147658 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jiesang 3456 C3456 Iron Age Central Asian Jiesang, Shannan, Tibet 202 BCE O-Y85255 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Jinlianshan M75-4-1 JinlianshanM75_4_1 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 200 BCE O-F2028 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zhagunluke 44E C833 Zaghunluq Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 198 BCE R-FTD16668 Kumar et al. 2022
Haojiatai 13 HJTW13 Iron Age Chinese Haojiatai, Henan 181 BCE O-CTS201 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Caishichang 3-3 C3312 Iron Age Central Asian Caishichang, Xinjiang 180 BCE E-M78 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Luoheguxiang 41 LGM41 Iron Age Chinese Luoheguxiang, Henan 150 BCE O-A9459 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Nudagang 5148 C5148 Iron Age Central Asian Nudagang, Shigatse, Tibet 147 BCE O-FTG695 H. Wang et al. 2023
Nudagang 5146 C5146 Iron Age Central Asian Nudagang, Shigatse, Tibet 130 BCE O-Y85255 H. Wang et al. 2023
Dadunzi M26 DadunziM26 Dian Dadunzi, Yuanmou, Chuxiong Yi, Yunnan 105 BCE O-Z25914 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Tielieketesai 6A C3356 Iron Age Central Asian Tielieketesai, Xinjiang 104 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Caishichang 1-2 C3315 Iron Age Central Asian Caishichang, Xinjiang 88 BCE J-Z8300 Kumar et al. 2022
Kuokesuxi 17 C1664 Iron Age Central Asian Kuokesuxi, Xinjiang 84 BCE N-Y147658 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zeketai 1B C3359 Iron Age Central Asian Zeketai, Xinjiang 78 BCE R-PF6162 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zeketai 1C C3361 Iron Age Central Asian Zeketai, Xinjiang 78 BCE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Nileke 20-2 C3325 Wusun Nileke County, Xinjiang 77 BCE Q-F749 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Guanjingtai 7 C3316 Iron Age Central Asian Guanjingtai, Xinjiang 77 BCE R-L657 Kumar et al. 2022
Zhagunluke 1DH C3666 Zaghunluq Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 77 BCE R-PH155 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Jinlianshan M32-2-1 JinlianshanM32_2_1 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 75 BCE N-F1173 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M63 JinlianshanM63 Dian Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 75 BCE O-F26580 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Dadunzi M23 DadunziM23 Dian Dadunzi, Yuanmou, Chuxiong Yi, Yunnan 71 BCE O-Z39485 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Zhagunluke 144D C3652 Zaghunluq Zhagunluke, Xinjiang 6 CE R-BY86775 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Zhouhe 12 ZHM12 Imperial Chinese Zhouhe, Linzi District, Zibo, Shandong 9 CE O-MF2607 ? L. Qiu et al. 2026
Zhouhe 9 ZHM9 Imperial Chinese Zhouhe, Linzi District, Zibo, Shandong 9 CE O-MF2607 ? L. Qiu et al. 2026
Agangrong 3447 C3447_C5186 Iron Age Central Asian Agangrong, Nyingchi, Tibet 31 CE O-F25554 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Hongtupo M2 HongtupoM2 Dian Hongtupo, Xiangyun, Dali Bai, Yunnan 50 CE O-PH5308 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jiangxifen M489 JiangxifenM489 Dian Jiangxifen, Wuding, Chuxiong Yi, Yunnan 65 CE O-FTB24516 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Agangrong 3444 C3444 Iron Age Central Asian Agangrong, Nyingchi, Tibet 102 CE O-MF10113 H. Wang et al. 2023
Xianshuiquangucheng 3-1 C2032 Iron Age Central Asian Xianshuiquangucheng, Xinjiang 139 CE R-PH155 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Mogushan 6 MGS-M6 Xianbei Mogushan, Inner Mongolia 150 CE C-F3844 C. Ning et al. 2020
Mogushan 7L MGS-M7L Xianbei Mogushan, Inner Mongolia 150 CE C-F3844 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Mogushan 7R MGS-M7R Xianbei Mogushan, Inner Mongolia 150 CE C-Y10428 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Shanpula 24-2 C3625 Sampula Shanpula, Xinjiang 162 CE Q-L330 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Abusanteer 14 C4140 Iron Age Central Asian Abusanteer, Xinjiang 163 CE Q-YP1681 Kumar et al. 2022
Zhalainuoer 1 ZLNR-1 Iron Age Chinese Zhalainuoer, Inner Mongolia 164 CE C-MPB338 ? C. Ning et al. 2020
Duizi M20 DuiziM20 Dian Duizi, Yongsheng, Lijiang, Yunnan 175 CE D-M174 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Duizi M94-2 DuiziM94_2 Dian Duizi, Yongsheng, Lijiang, Yunnan 175 CE O-P164 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Duizi M79 DuiziM79 Dian Duizi, Yongsheng, Lijiang, Yunnan 175 CE O-PH5308 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Duizi M98-2 DuiziM98_2 Dian Duizi, Yongsheng, Lijiang, Yunnan 180 CE O-FTB25296 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Sding Chung 5417 C5417 Iron Age Central Asian Sding Chung, Shigatse, Tibet 186 CE O-FTA10077 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Dacaozi 21-2 DCZ-M21II Iron Age Chinese Dacaozi, Qinghai 187 CE O-MF14303 C. Ning et al. 2020
Hetian 16A C390 Iron Age Central Asian Hetian, Xinjiang 299 CE O-F25554 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Hetian 34 C402 Iron Age Central Asian Hetian, Xinjiang 299 CE O-PAGES00023 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Hetian 30C C401 Iron Age Central Asian Hetian, Xinjiang 299 CE O-PH5308 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Hetian 13 C387 Iron Age Central Asian Hetian, Xinjiang 299 CE O-Z25914 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Hetian 14 C388 Iron Age Central Asian Hetian, Xinjiang 299 CE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Hetian 17 C392 Iron Age Central Asian Hetian, Xinjiang 299 CE R-Z2124 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Xikakandasayi 4 C795 Iron Age Central Asian Xikakandasayi, Mongol Prefecture 330 CE C-FT90675 Kumar et al. 2022
Qilangshan 11 QL11 Imperial Chinese Mongolian Plateau, Inner Mongolia 350 CE C-Y105002 J. Li et al. 2020
Gangre 5085 C5085 Iron Age Central Asian Gangre, Nagqu, Tibet 364 CE O-FTA10077 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Jinlianshan M15-5-5 JinlianshanM15_5_5 Medieval Chinese Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 471 CE O-F2028 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M15-4-9 JinlianshanM15_4_9 Medieval Chinese Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 471 CE O-FGC29900 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M15-4-3 JinlianshanM15_4_3 Medieval Chinese Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 471 CE O-SK1627 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M15-5 JinlianshanM15_5 Medieval Chinese Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 471 CE O-Z23333 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M15-4-4 JinlianshanM15_4_4 Medieval Chinese Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 471 CE O-Z24087 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Jinlianshan M15-4-8 JinlianshanM15_4_8 Medieval Chinese Jinlianshan, Chengjiang, Yuxi, Yunnan 500 CE O-PK4 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Lǐ Dàn (李诞) D91822 Brahmin Tomb of Lǐ Dàn, Nankang Village, Xi'an City, Jiangxi province 505 CE R-Z2124 ? P. Du et al. 2025
Qinchang 13 QinchangKD13 Medieval Chinese Guangxi 509 CE C-F736 ? T. Wang et al. 2021; Y. Liu et al. 2021
Zhangcun 5185 C5185 Iron Age Central Asian Zhangcun, Shigatse, Tibet 523 CE C-Z1312 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Banda KD11 BandaKD11 Medieval Chinese Nanning, Guangxi 563 CE C-F1059 ? T. Wang et al. 2021
Zhangcun 5184 C5184 Iron Age Central Asian Zhangcun, Shigatse, Tibet 582 CE N-CTS4714 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Bulugu Liang SXJC02 Imperial Chinese Hongdu Plain burial complex, Shaanxi 588 CE O-F3386 ? Y. Qu et al. 2026
Naobaowan M10a Naobaowan_M10a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-F492 ? Y. Wang et al. 2026
Zhang Jun Naobaowan_M9a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-F492 ? Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M8 Naobaowan_M8 Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-F533 ? Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M11a Naobaowan_M11a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M12c Naobaowan_M12c Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M13a Naobaowan_M13a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M14a Naobaowan_M14a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M14d Naobaowan_M14d Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M16a Naobaowan_M16a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M16d Naobaowan_M16d Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M18b Naobaowan_M18b Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M3 Naobaowan_M3 Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M4a Naobaowan_M4a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Chen Li Naobaowan_M6a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Chen Chongshun Naobaowan_M7a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-FTJ13703 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Naobaowan M19b Naobaowan_M19b Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-MF17724 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Chen Su Naobaowan_M20a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-MF17724 Y. Wang et al. 2026
Chen Hangbin Naobaowan_M5a Imperial Chinese Chen Family Cemetery, Naobaowan Village, Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia 726 CE O-PAGES00023 ? Y. Wang et al. 2026
Nanyuan 80901 H80901 Northern Chinese Nanyuan, Yuanzhou County, Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 744 CE N-CTS1350 X. Chang et al. 2026
Fudamen 34N 34N Imperial Chinese Fudamen (傅大门), Shandong 744 CE O-A27362 R. Wang et al 2025 (Commun. Biol.)
Fudamen 5E 5E Imperial Chinese Fudamen (傅大门), Shandong 750 CE H-FTJ824 R. Wang et al 2025 (Commun. Biol.)
Fudamen 19-1 second_19-1 Imperial Chinese Fudamen (傅大门), Shandong 750 CE H-FTJ824 R. Wang et al 2025 (Commun. Biol.)
An (安姓) second_8S Imperial Chinese Fudamen (傅大门), Shandong 750 CE H-FTJ824 R. Wang et al 2025 (Commun. Biol.)
Fudamen 38-2 second_38-2 Imperial Chinese Fudamen (傅大门), Shandong 750 CE O-MF1428 R. Wang et al 2025 (Commun. Biol.)
Ounie 5173 C5173 Medieval Tibetan Ounie, Nagqu, Tibet 752 CE D-F3905 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Shigou 130 CSP130 Tibetan Shigou, Lhasa, Tibet 823 CE C-MF37760 H. Wang et al. 2023
Chaxiutang 132 CSP132 Tibetan Chaxiutang, Nagqu, Tibet 879 CE O-FTG695 H. Wang et al. 2023; T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Gangga 3 GG3 Shiwei Gangga site, Hulunbuir 900 CE C-F3844 ? J. Li et al. 2020
Dongtalede 47B C1712 Medieval Chinese Dongtalede, Altay Prefecture 943 CE R-Y13202 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Lajue 1357 C1357 Medieval Tibetan Lajue, Lhasa, Tibet 945 CE D-FTG785 H. Wang et al. 2023
Tangbalesayi 4 C783 Central Asian Nomad Tangbalesayi, Xinjiang 1,011 CE R-Z93 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Gachong 5144 C5144 Medieval Tibetan Gachong, Lhasa, Tibet 1,058 CE O-F17098 H. Wang et al. 2023
Fenbading M546 FBD_M546 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,073 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Simutasi 70 C1677 Medieval Chinese Simutasi, Xinjiang 1,075 CE G-P303 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Longsangquduo 5163 C5163 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,123 CE N-F1173 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Longsangquduo 5156 C5156 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,123 CE O-CTS11908 H. Wang et al. 2023
Longsangquduo 5160 C5160 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,123 CE O-Y27883 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Longsangquduo 5155 C5155 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,123 CE O-Y85255 H. Wang et al. 2023
Fenbading M543 FBD_M543 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,134 CE C-M216 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Longsangquduo 5153 C5153 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,137 CE D-TY506630 H. Wang et al. 2023
Longsangquduo 5157 C5157 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,145 CE O-FTG99825 H. Wang et al. 2023
Longsangquduo 5159 C5159 Medieval Tibetan Longsangquduo, Shigatse, Tibet 1,172 CE D-PH116 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Kangyu 5190 C5190 Medieval Tibetan Kangyu, Nyingchi, Tibet 1,203 CE D-FT385942 H. Wang et al. 2023
Latuotanggu 3426 C3426 Medieval Tibetan Latuotanggu, Shigatse, Tibet 1,203 CE O-Z25914 ? H. Wang et al. 2023
Junmachanyilian 52 C1654 Medieval Chinese Junmachanyilian, Xinjiang 1,217 CE L-SK1433 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Xinglong M4 A246 Imperial Chinese Xinglong, Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei 1,289 CE C-F10216 ? F. Zhang et al. 2026
Latuotanggu 5171 C5171 Medieval Tibetan Latuotanggu, Shigatse, Tibet 1,300 CE O-FTF67 H. Wang et al. 2023
Yanggoutu M2 YGT_M2 Imperial Chinese Yanggoutu, Songshan, Guizhou 1,319 CE C-Z1315 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Nileke 15 C3326 Medieval Chinese Nileke County, Xinjiang 1,338 CE R-FGC45867 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Fenbading M508 FBD_M508 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,345 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Junmachanyilian 57A C1653 Medieval Chinese Junmachanyilian, Xinjiang 1,372 CE J-M47 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Latuotanggu 3428 C3428 Medieval Tibetan Latuotanggu, Shigatse, Tibet 1,400 CE O-FTF67 H. Wang et al. 2023
Latuotanggu 3425 C3425 Medieval Tibetan Latuotanggu, Shigatse, Tibet 1,405 CE O-FTF67 H. Wang et al. 2023
Huatuyan NL06 HuatuyanNL06 Imperial Chinese Guangxi 1,450 CE C-F736 ? T. Wang et al. 2021; Y. Liu et al. 2021
Ayousaigoukou 2M C1661 Moghul Ayousaigoukou, Xinjiang 1,452 CE R-YP1547 ? Kumar et al. 2022
Fenbading M106 FBD_M106 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-CTS10923 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M19 FBD_M19 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-CTS10923 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M324 FBD_M324 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-CTS10923 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M307 FBD_M307 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-F12522 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M205 FBD_M205 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-F845 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Datoulin M1 DTL_M1 Imperial Chinese Datoulin, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Datoulin M9 DTL_M9 Imperial Chinese Datoulin, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M114 FBD_M114 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M136 FBD_M136 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M138 FBD_M138 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M157 FBD_M157 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M162 FBD_M162 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M164 FBD_M164 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M168 FBD_M168 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M253 FBD_M253 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M255 FBD_M255 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M264 FBD_M264 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M271 FBD_M271 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M282 FBD_M282 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M284 FBD_M284 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M293 FBD_M293 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M304 FBD_M304 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M354 FBD_M354 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M59 FBD_M59 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M61 FBD_M61 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M80 FBD_M80 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Dasongshan 40 M40 Imperial Chinese Dasongshan, Guizhou Province 1,506 CE C-FTH88 Zhang et al. 2024
Fenbading M140 FBD_M140 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-M216 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M167 FBD_M167 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-M216 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M380 FBD_M380 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-M216 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M58 FBD_M58 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-M217 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M156 FBD_M156 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-Z1315 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M291 FBD_M291 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-Z1315 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M327 FBD_M327 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-Z1315 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M548 FBD_M548 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE C-Z1315 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M32 FBD_M32 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE O-F17139 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M295 FBD_M295 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,506 CE O-MF21519 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M288 FBD_M288 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,523 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Huatuyan NL21 HuatuyanNL21 Imperial Chinese Hechi, Guangxi 1,545 CE C-F1059 ? T. Wang et al. 2021; Y. Liu et al. 2021
Huatuyan NL02 HuatuyanNL02 Imperial Chinese Hechi, Guangxi 1,564 CE O-F26366 ? T. Wang et al. 2021; Y. Liu et al. 2021
Fenbading M129 FBD_M129 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,569 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Chuanyun 5694 L5694 Imperial Chinese Chuanyun, Fujian 1,612 CE O-F157 ? M. A. Yang et al. 2020
Haibaoshan M76 HaibaoshanM76 Imperial Chinese Haibaoshan, Jinning, Kunming, Yunnan 1,663 CE N-F2407 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Fenbading M43 FBD_M43 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,778 CE C-F12522 ? Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M62 FBD_M62 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,778 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Fenbading M82 FBD_M82 Imperial Chinese Fenbading, Songshan, Guizhou 1,778 CE C-FTH88 Zhu et al. 2024
Jinshashan M138 JinshashanM138 Imperial Chinese Jinshashan, Jinning, Kunming, Yunnan 1,805 CE N-CTS11713 ? T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)
Dadunzi Imperial Chinese Dadunzi, Yuanmou, Chuxiong Yi, Yunnan 1,805 CE O-CTS10038 T. Wang et al. 2025 (Science)

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample Site Date Branch
83410 Gansu 100,480 BCE DN1
83408 Gansu 56,480 BCE DN1a2
83409 Gansu 37,980 BCE DN1a2
83536 Henan 4,106 BCE D4g2a1
97611 Xinjiang 2,951 BCE U5a1b
97612 Xinjiang 2,951 BCE H15b1
97613 Xinjiang 2,951 BCE R1b1
97504 Xinjiang 2,682 BCE U4d3
97500 Xinjiang 2,548 BCE U5a1a1
97501 Xinjiang 2,548 BCE T2d1a
97539 Xinjiang 2,459 BCE W3a1a
97693 Xinjiang 2,450 BCE H2a1
97694 Xinjiang 2,450 BCE U4a1-a
97695 Xinjiang 2,450 BCE H2a1
97696 Xinjiang 2,450 BCE H2a1
97697 Xinjiang 2,450 BCE R1b1
97698 Xinjiang 2,450 BCE R1b1
97531 Hebei 2,293 BCE U5a1b1
97534 Hebei 2,293 BCE C4m
97532 Xinjiang 2,275 BCE D4j15
97533 Xinjiang 2,275 BCE A12
97537 Xinjiang 2,275 BCE C4-a2a
97541 Xinjiang 2,275 BCE U7a3a3
111136 Xinjiang 2,274 BCE D4j15
97530 Xinjiang 2,237 BCE N1b1a-a
111179 Xinjiang 2,212 BCE A10b
97689 Xinjiang 2,212 BCE A10b
97690 Xinjiang 2,212 BCE R1b2a
97692 Xinjiang 2,212 BCE U4a2v
83553 Shanxi 2,114 BCE D5a2a1b3b
83579 Henan 2,113 BCE D4b1a4a
97540 Xinjiang 2,088 BCE D4j7
83336 Henan 2,086 BCE N9a2
97710 Xinjiang 1,923 BCE C4m
99661 Henan 1,900 BCE C4k
99680 Henan 1,900 BCE R1b1
97705 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE C4k
97711 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE R1b1
97713 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE C4m1
97714 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE C4m
97706 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE C4m1
97707 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE C4k
97708 Xinjiang 1,801 BCE C4m
97709 Xinjiang 1,724 BCE C4m
97712 Xinjiang 1,694 BCE C4m1
117865 Xinjiang 1,566 BCE U2e2a2b
117869 Xinjiang 1,463 BCE T2b34
97641 Xinjiang 1,350 BCE U5a1a1
97628 Xinjiang 1,134 BCE H7b
97644 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE K1b2a
97658 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE F2f1b
97650 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE C4-a2
97659 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE R-a
97660 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4b1a2b1
97651 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE M8a1c
97652 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4j7
97653 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE F2f1b
97654 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4j-c1
97645 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4j7
97655 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE U5a1a1
97656 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4b2b4b
97646 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE H15b1
97661 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE H15b1
97662 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE U2e1h1a
97647 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE A6d
97657 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE Z4a1b
97663 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4z
97648 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE D4b2b15
97649 Xinjiang 1,115 BCE A6d
97566 Xinjiang 1,000 BCE D4j8a
97567 Xinjiang 1,000 BCE C4a1a3
97571 Xinjiang 851 BCE J1b4b1
97544 Xinjiang 850 BCE D4o2a6
97545 Xinjiang 850 BCE D4c2b
97542 Xinjiang 850 BCE D4j8f
97543 Xinjiang 850 BCE D4j8f
117866 Xinjiang 667 BCE T1a1cd
97597 Xinjiang 650 BCE D4c1b1
97598 Xinjiang 650 BCE F1c1a1
97633 Xinjiang 650 BCE A8a1e
97634 Xinjiang 650 BCE N9a9b
97635 Xinjiang 650 BCE C4k
97684 Xinjiang 603 BCE A26a
97685 Xinjiang 603 BCE U7a
97687 Xinjiang 603 BCE U4b1a1a1
97688 Xinjiang 603 BCE D5a2a1b9
97691 Xinjiang 603 BCE C4e
97682 Xinjiang 603 BCE D4e1f
97683 Xinjiang 603 BCE F1b1-a2
97497 Xinjiang 600 BCE C4a1a-a9
97568 Xinjiang 600 BCE C4b11
97569 Xinjiang 600 BCE H1
97570 Xinjiang 600 BCE D4b1a2a1d1
111195 Xinjiang 588 BCE D4o2a6
97496 Xinjiang 582 BCE G2a-a4
117862 Xinjiang 571 BCE W3b7
117867 Xinjiang 567 BCE U4a5a2
97572 Xinjiang 564 BCE H14a6
97573 Xinjiang 564 BCE H13a2a
97574 Xinjiang 564 BCE A26
97575 Xinjiang 564 BCE U2e1h1a
97576 Xinjiang 564 BCE A-a1b3
97577 Xinjiang 564 BCE M3a1-a
97578 Xinjiang 564 BCE C4a2c1b
97581 Xinjiang 564 BCE D4j
97582 Xinjiang 564 BCE C4a2c1b
97583 Xinjiang 564 BCE C4a2c1b
97584 Xinjiang 564 BCE D4j7b
97585 Xinjiang 564 BCE D4j7b
97607 Xinjiang 564 BCE D4j3a
97609 Xinjiang 564 BCE F1b1-a2a
97637 Xinjiang 564 BCE A8a1
97638 Xinjiang 564 BCE W3b7
97639 Xinjiang 564 BCE U5a2-a1a1
97640 Xinjiang 564 BCE C4a1a-a
117050 Xinjiang 496 BCE H2b
111217 Xinjiang 496 BCE T1a1
117049 Xinjiang 496 BCE C4m
97499 Xinjiang 479 BCE HV14a9a
117052 Xinjiang 470 BCE D4j8a
97729 Xinjiang 463 BCE H5a1t2
97703 Xinjiang 450 BCE D4e4-a
97505 Xinjiang 421 BCE H6a1b2o
97623 Xinjiang 379 BCE T1a1az
97624 Xinjiang 379 BCE R1b1
97625 Xinjiang 379 BCE H15b
97626 Xinjiang 379 BCE C4k
97627 Xinjiang 379 BCE D4e1b
97606 Xinjiang 374 BCE U5b1b2e
97594 Xinjiang 320 BCE T2b34
97629 Xinjiang 319 BCE U5a1f1b
97630 Xinjiang 319 BCE U5a1f1b
97631 Xinjiang 319 BCE H101a2b
97596 Xinjiang 316 BCE U2e1b-a2
97618 Xinjiang 315 BCE H6b2a1
97495 Xinjiang 303 BCE U5a1d2a1-a
111235 Xinjiang 300 BCE HV20b1
117864 Xinjiang 300 BCE G2b2d
97498 Xinjiang 298 BCE HV14a9a
117868 Xinjiang 291 BCE D4b1e
97561 Xinjiang 288 BCE R-a5a2
97562 Xinjiang 288 BCE F2f1b
97563 Xinjiang 288 BCE U2e2a1-a
97564 Xinjiang 288 BCE U2e1
97565 Xinjiang 288 BCE A17b
97590 Xinjiang 281 BCE T2b34
97741 Xinjiang 278 BCE D4f2
97742 Xinjiang 278 BCE D4j1b
97743 Xinjiang 278 BCE J1b2f3
97727 Xinjiang 278 BCE H5a1t2
97728 Xinjiang 278 BCE H5a1t2
97730 Xinjiang 278 BCE N1a3a
97731 Xinjiang 278 BCE H2b
97726 Xinjiang 278 BCE T1a1b1
97732 Xinjiang 278 BCE C7b1b
97733 Xinjiang 278 BCE T1a1b1
97734 Xinjiang 278 BCE R2-a4a
97735 Xinjiang 278 BCE T2b34b
97736 Xinjiang 278 BCE HV12c
97737 Xinjiang 278 BCE U5a2a1
97738 Xinjiang 278 BCE I4a13
97739 Xinjiang 278 BCE D4-a2
97740 Xinjiang 278 BCE N1a1a1a1-a
111193 Xinjiang 271 BCE D4c1b1
122941 Xinjiang 271 BCE C4k
97664 Xinjiang 268 BCE Z4
97665 Xinjiang 268 BCE U5a1g1a
97702 Xinjiang 268 BCE D4b2b16a
97591 Xinjiang 267 BCE J1b1a3b
97490 Xinjiang 265 BCE A6d1a
97491 Xinjiang 265 BCE A6d1a
97492 Xinjiang 265 BCE B4h1
97493 Xinjiang 265 BCE D4b2b16a
97669 Xinjiang 265 BCE G2b2d
97616 Xinjiang 263 BCE H6a1b2o
97717 Xinjiang 260 BCE M11a3
97718 Xinjiang 260 BCE C4m1a
97719 Xinjiang 260 BCE U5a1a1ac
97715 Xinjiang 260 BCE M11c2
97720 Xinjiang 260 BCE C4a2a1c
97721 Xinjiang 260 BCE U5a1a1ac
97722 Xinjiang 260 BCE A6d1
97723 Xinjiang 260 BCE U2e1
97724 Xinjiang 260 BCE F2f1b
97716 Xinjiang 260 BCE D4
97494 Xinjiang 258 BCE U7b
97595 Xinjiang 244 BCE D4j-a
122939 Xinjiang 240 BCE T1a1b1
97704 Xinjiang 234 BCE C1-a
97538 Xinjiang 232 BCE H5a1t
117863 Xinjiang 230 BCE A14
122943 Xinjiang 230 BCE U5a1b
122944 Xinjiang 210 BCE A8a1e
122940 Xinjiang 198 BCE R2-a4a
97599 Xinjiang 190 BCE D4j5b
97601 Xinjiang 190 BCE M3e1
97602 Xinjiang 190 BCE A11
97603 Xinjiang 190 BCE U4a2
97604 Xinjiang 190 BCE T2b2
97605 Xinjiang 190 BCE U4b1a4a
97610 Xinjiang 189 BCE HV18
97614 Xinjiang 189 BCE G2a2g1
97617 Xinjiang 189 BCE D5a2a1b9
97620 Xinjiang 189 BCE C4a2c1
97593 Xinjiang 161 BCE C4a1
97506 Xinjiang 102 BCE R1b1
97615 Xinjiang 93 BCE D4j12
97621 Xinjiang 93 BCE C4-a2
97725 Xinjiang 93 BCE T1a1b1
97666 Xinjiang 85 BCE W3b7
97667 Xinjiang 85 BCE U5a2a1
97507 Xinjiang 75 BCE T2d1
97600 Xinjiang 52 BCE M3e1
97592 Xinjiang 49 BCE H101a2b
97699 Xinjiang 46 BCE HV20b1
97700 Xinjiang 46 BCE C4a1a-a4
97701 Xinjiang 46 BCE H7b
97744 Xinjiang 34 BCE R1b1b
97745 Xinjiang 34 BCE R1b1b
122942 Xinjiang 5 CE J1b2f3
97672 Xinjiang 150 CE U5a2a2a
97676 Xinjiang 150 CE U4a2
97674 Xinjiang 150 CE H6a1a
97675 Xinjiang 150 CE W3a1
97677 Xinjiang 150 CE H7b
97673 Xinjiang 150 CE H5c5
97678 Xinjiang 150 CE T1a1
97680 Xinjiang 150 CE H2b
97679 Xinjiang 150 CE H2b
97681 Xinjiang 150 CE H5c5
117051 Xinjiang 163 CE U5a1d2a4
97547 Xinjiang 241 CE U4b1a4a
97548 Xinjiang 241 CE M3e2
97553 Xinjiang 241 CE U5b1b4
97555 Xinjiang 241 CE H6a1a4b1
97556 Xinjiang 241 CE A-a1
97557 Xinjiang 241 CE J1b1a1
97558 Xinjiang 241 CE T1a1bi
97559 Xinjiang 241 CE U4a2l
97560 Xinjiang 241 CE C4a1a-a4
97589 Xinjiang 381 CE C4a1a-a9
97515 Xinjiang 479 CE H2b
97516 Xinjiang 479 CE W4a3
97518 Xinjiang 479 CE C4-a1
97517 Xinjiang 479 CE W1c4
97519 Xinjiang 479 CE A-a1
97521 Xinjiang 479 CE A-a1
97510 Xinjiang 479 CE HV2a4a
97523 Xinjiang 479 CE U4c1-a7c
97524 Xinjiang 479 CE HV28b
97525 Xinjiang 479 CE U4a2l
97526 Xinjiang 479 CE D4j5b
97527 Xinjiang 479 CE H1
97528 Xinjiang 479 CE W1c
97529 Xinjiang 479 CE U4a2l
97514 Xinjiang 479 CE D4e1b
97622 Xinjiang 634 CE C4b12a
97508 Xinjiang 861 CE D4c2-a
97670 Xinjiang 1,022 CE G2a2g1
97586 Xinjiang 1,210 CE U9b1b
117055 Xinjiang 1,338 CE G2a2g1
97588 Xinjiang 1,351 CE K1-a10a
97587 Xinjiang 1,409 CE K1-a10a
97502 Xinjiang — K2a5b1
97503 Xinjiang — K2a5b1
31323 — U2
97546 Xinjiang — U5a1a1
115062 Xinjiang — D4j5c1
20574 — B4'5
20561 — B4c1a
152811 Beijing — D5a2a1b1a1a
80989 — D4b2b10a2
80988 — D4b2b10a2
80987 — B4a4a6a
80986 — B4a4a6a
80985 — B5b2c-a1a
80984 — B5b2c-a1a
80983 — A17c2
80982 — A17c2
97632 Xinjiang — U5a1d2b1a1
97636 Xinjiang — C4a1a4a
125571 Xizang — F1d1a4
125570 Xizang — F1d1a4
125569 Xizang — M13a1
125568 Xizang — M9a1b1
125567 Xizang — M8
125566 Xizang — A21
125565 Xizang — F1c1a1a1
125564 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a9
125563 Xizang — F1b1c1
125562 Xizang — M70a
125561 Xizang — D4ac1
125560 Xizang — C4a2b2
125559 Xizang — Z3a1a
125558 Xizang — Z3a1a
125557 Xizang — F1d-a2
125556 Xizang — Z3a1a
125555 Xizang — Z3a1a
125554 Xizang — Z3a1a
125553 Xizang — Z3a1a
125552 Xizang — G2a1h1
125551 Xizang — G2c1
125550 Xizang — G2a1h1
125549 Xizang — D4j1b6
125548 Xizang — F1c1a2a
125547 Xizang — D4j1b6
125546 Xizang — M62a1
125545 Xizang — A-a1a7
125544 Xizang — A6
125543 Xizang — A-a1a7
125542 Xizang — D4j1b4b
125541 Xizang — A11a
125540 Xizang — C4a2b2f
125539 Xizang — F1g
125538 Xizang — M70a
125537 Xizang — F1c1a1a2
125536 Xizang — F1c1a1a2
125535 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125534 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125533 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125532 Xizang — A17b2b
125531 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125530 Xizang — D5a2a1
125529 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a18
125528 Xizang — D4j3b
125527 Xizang — R-a
125526 Xizang — M13a2a
125525 Xizang — M13a1b
125524 Xizang — U2b1-a1a
125523 Xizang — A21b
125522 Xizang — A21b
125521 Xizang — M9a1a2e
125520 Xizang — K1b1a1-a
125519 Xizang — A11a7
125518 Xizang — D4j15b1a
125517 Xizang — D4j15b1a
125516 Xizang — D4q-a
125515 Xizang — C4a2b2
125514 Xizang — D4j1b4
125513 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125512 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125511 Xizang — A21b
125510 Xizang — M9a1b1c2
125509 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125508 Xizang — M9a1b1c2
125507 Xizang — M9a1b1j
125506 Xizang — M70a1
125505 Xizang — U2a3a
125504 Xizang — M70a1
125503 Xizang — M70a
125502 Xizang — F1d-a2
125501 Xizang — D4g2a1c
125500 Xizang — R-a5a1a
125499 Xizang — M70a1
125498 Xizang — M10a1b
125497 Xizang — A11a6
125496 Xizang — U2b1-a1a2
125495 Xizang — U2b1-a1a2
125494 Xizang — M9a1b1
125493 Xizang — A11a6
125492 Xizang — U2b1-a1a1
125491 Xizang — C4a2b2
125490 Xizang — U2b1-a1a1
125489 Xizang — C4a2b2
125488 Xizang — J2b1a1
125487 Xizang — C4a1a1a4
125486 Xizang — F1g9
125485 Xizang — F1d1a
125484 Xizang — Z4a1a
125483 Xizang — M70a
125482 Xizang — D4g2a1c1
125481 Xizang — D4g2a1c1
125480 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a9
125479 Xizang — U2c1f
125478 Xizang — M9a1b1
125477 Xizang — C4a1a1a4a
125476 Xizang — M9a1b1
125475 Xizang — D4i3a
125474 Xizang — M9a1b-a
125473 Xizang — C4a1a1a4a
125472 Xizang — R-a5a1a
125471 Xizang — U2c1d
125470 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125469 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125468 Xizang — I4b1
125467 Xizang — U2a3a
125466 Xizang — R30b1a1
125465 Xizang — G2a1-a3c
125464 Xizang — A11a5
125463 Xizang — A11a5
125462 Xizang — D5a3a2b
125461 Xizang — A-a1a6
125460 Xizang — A-a1a6
125459 Xizang — HV-a
125458 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125457 Xizang — A6
125456 Xizang — M62b1a3
125455 Xizang — M62b1a3
125454 Xizang — M62b1a3
125453 Xizang — M62b1a3
125452 Xizang — M9a1b-a1
125451 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125450 Xizang — A6b
125449 Xizang — M9a1a1c1b1a
125448 Xizang — D4h1c
125447 Xizang — M9a1b1j1
125446 Xizang — D4i3
125445 Xizang — A6b1
125444 Xizang — A21