Russian Federation: ancient DNA

1,011

Y-DNA

samples

228

mtDNA

samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

43,000–42,000 BCE

1 · 0.1%

33,000–32,000 BCE

3 · 0.3%

32,000–31,000 BCE

1 · 0.1%

31,000–30,000 BCE

1 · 0.1%

30,000–29,000 BCE

2 · 0.2%

23,000–22,000 BCE

1 · 0.1%

12,000–11,000 BCE

1 · 0.1%

11,000–10,000 BCE

1 · 0.1%

9,000–8,000 BCE

8 · 0.8%

8,000–7,000 BCE

3 · 0.3%

7,000–6,000 BCE

24 · 2.4%

6,000–5,000 BCE

73 · 7.2%

5,000–4,000 BCE

86 · 8.5%

4,000–3,000 BCE

107 · 10.6%

3,000–2,000 BCE

227 · 22.5%

2,000–1,000 BCE

107 · 10.6%

1,000–0 BCE

100 · 9.9%

0–1,000 CE

195 · 19.3%

1,000–2,000 CE

70 · 6.9%

Y-DNA

Branches #

52 · 5.1%

45 · 4.5%

35 · 3.5%

34 · 3.4%

33 · 3.3%

30 · 3.0%

29 · 2.9%

28 · 2.8%

26 · 2.6%

24 · 2.4%

24 · 2.4%

23 · 2.3%

Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

209,000–208,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

157,000–156,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

138,000–137,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

128,000–127,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

119,000–118,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

111,000–110,000 BCE

2 · 0.9%

109,000–108,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

97,000–96,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

95,000–94,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

80,000–79,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

79,000–78,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

68,000–67,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

63,000–62,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

62,000–61,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

44,000–43,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

42,000–41,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

34,000–33,000 BCE

2 · 0.9%

33,000–32,000 BCE

3 · 1.3%

28,000–27,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

12,000–11,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

9,000–8,000 BCE

1 · 0.4%

7,000–6,000 BCE

4 · 1.8%

6,000–5,000 BCE

3 · 1.3%

5,000–4,000 BCE

10 · 4.4%

4,000–3,000 BCE

24 · 10.5%

3,000–2,000 BCE

46 · 20.2%

2,000–1,000 BCE

19 · 8.3%

1,000–0 BCE

22 · 9.6%

0–1,000 CE

26 · 11.4%

1,000–2,000 CE

33 · 14.5%

mtDNA

Branches #

10 · 4.4%

7 · 3.1%

6 · 2.6%

U4a1

6 · 2.6%

D4j

6 · 2.6%

5 · 2.2%

5 · 2.2%

5 · 2.2%

5 · 2.2%

5 · 2.2%

4 · 1.8%

U5a1d2b

4 · 1.8%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample	Culture	Site	Region	Date	Branch	Study
Ust'-Ishim Ust-Ishim	Hunter-Gatherer	Ust'-Ishim District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	43,000 BCE	K-V7320	Q. Fu et al. 2014
Sunghir 2 Sunghir2	Streletskian	Sunghir, Klyazma River	Russian Federation	32,679 BCE	C-Y37021	Sikora et al. 2017
Sunghir 3 Sunghir3	Streletskian	Sunghir, Klyazma River	Russian Federation	32,567 BCE	C-Y37021	Sikora et al. 2017
Sunghir 4 Sunghir4	Streletskian	Sunghir, Klyazma River	Russian Federation	32,373 BCE	C-Y37016	Sikora et al. 2017
Sunghir 1 Sunghir1	Streletskian	Sunghir, Vladimir	Russian Federation	31,259 BCE	C-CTS10356	Sikora et al. 2017
Kostenki 12 Kostenki12	Hunter-Gatherer	Volkovskaya, Voronezh region	Russian Federation	30,700 BCE	C-CTS10356 ?	Q. Fu et al. 2016
Yana Older 2 Yana2	Yana	Yana RHS, Siberia	Russian Federation	29,900 BCE	P-FT344715	Sikora et al. 2019
Yana Older 1 Yana1	Yana	Yana RHS, Siberia	Russian Federation	29,900 BCE	P-FT344716	Sikora et al. 2019
Mal'ta boy MA1	Mal'ta–Buret'	Mal'ta, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	22,396 BCE	R-M207	Raghavan et al. 2013
Ust-Kyakhta 1 UKY001	East Asian Hunter-Gatherer	Ust-Kyakhta-3, Lake Baikal	Russian Federation	11,979 BCE	C-BY728	He Yu et al. 2020
Peschanitsa 1 PES001	Hunter-Gatherer	Peschanitsa, Arkhangelsk	Russian Federation	10,706 BCE	R-FTF178	Saag et al. 2021
Peschanitsa 202 NEO202	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Peschanitsa, Upper Volga	Russian Federation	8,903 BCE	R-FTF178	Allentoft et al. 2024
Minino 11 Min11	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino, Vologda	Russian Federation	8,671 BCE	R-M459 ?	Hofmanova et al. 2022 (bioRxiv)
Minino 2-2 MN2002	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino II, Vologda	Russian Federation	8,647 BCE	R-M459	Posth et al. 2023
Minino 5 Min5	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino, Vologda	Russian Federation	8,580 BCE	R-Y13202 ?	Hofmanova et al. 2022 (bioRxiv)
Minino 2-1 MN2001	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino II, Vologda	Russian Federation	8,526 BCE	R-CTS7500 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Minino 2-3 MN2003	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino II, Vologda	Russian Federation	8,513 BCE	R-P297 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Firsovo 11742 I11742	Siberian Hunter-Gatherer	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	8,288 BCE	Q-L712 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Khatystyr-Cave 20533 I20533	Sumnagin	Khatystyr-Cave, Aldanskiy District, Republic of Sakha	Russian Federation	8,149 BCE	C-F3918 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ural River 100 NEO100	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Ural River Beach, Orenburg	Russian Federation	7,977 BCE	Q-M346 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Kolyma 1 Kolyma1	Kolyma	Kolyma River, Duvanni Yar	Russian Federation	7,825 BCE	Q-B143	Sikora et al. 2019
Minino 3 Min3	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino, Vologda	Russian Federation	7,472 BCE	J-M267	Hofmanova et al. 2022 (bioRxiv)
Popovskij 1 irk007	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Popovskij Lug, Lena River	Russian Federation	6,862 BCE	N-F2199	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Yuzhnyy 74 I0061	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhnyy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,500 BCE	R-FT386000	Der Sarkissian et al. 2014; Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015; Q. Fu et al. 2016
Dzhylinda 1 irk00x	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Dzhylinda, Buryatia	Russian Federation	6,497 BCE	C-F16224	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Razdum'ye 12695 I12695	Neolithic Upper Ob	Razdum'ye-1, Kamenskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	6,497 BCE	N-BY95327	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Mergen' 72 NEO72	Siberian Hunter-Gatherer	Mergen' 6, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	6,406 BCE	Q-F1161 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Labazy 12838 I12838	Elshanka	Labazy, Labazy, Kurmanayevskiy District, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	6,356 BCE	Q-CTS11969	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Labazy 6910 I6910	Elshanka	Labazy, Orenburg Oblast, Kurmanayevsky District	Russian Federation	6,356 BCE	Q-CTS11969	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Yuzhnyy 40 I0211	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhnyy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,330 BCE	J-M267	Mathieson et al. 2015; Olalde et al. 2026
Karavaikha 555 NEO555	Kunda	Karavaikha, NW Russia	Russian Federation	6,327 BCE	R-Y13204	Allentoft et al. 2024
Karavaikha 559 NEO559	Kunda	Karavaikha, NW Russia	Russian Federation	6,318 BCE	R-FTH46 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Yuzhnyy 33 UOO033	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,269 BCE	Q-PH580	Posth et al. 2023
Popovo 2 Popovo2	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Grave, Popovo	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,250 BCE	J-M304 ?	Mittnik et al. 2018
Chumysh-Perekat 12626 I12626	Neolithic Upper Ob	Chumysh-Perekat-1, Zalesovskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	6,250 BCE	Q-YP828	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Chumysh-Perekat 13098 I13098	Neolithic Upper Ob	Chumysh-Perekat-1, Zalesovskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	6,243 BCE	Q-YP828	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Satanaj Grotto 1 SJG001	Neolithic Steppe	Satanaj Grotto, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	6,151 BCE	R-YP5056	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Karavaikha 558 NEO558	Kunda	Karavaikha, NW Russia	Russian Federation	6,135 BCE	R-CTS7500	Allentoft et al. 2024
Yuzhnyy 35 UOO035.056	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,131 BCE	Q-FTH117 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Kostenkova-Izbushka 20312 I20312	Bolshoy Mys	Kostenkova-Izbushka, Vershinino, Zonal’nyy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	6,128 BCE	C-FTG32887	Allentoft et al. 2024; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Minino 8 Min8	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Minino, Vologda	Russian Federation	6,125 BCE	R-Y13202 ?	Hofmanova et al. 2022 (bioRxiv)
Yuzhniy 59 UOO059	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,105 BCE	J-M267 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Yuzhnyy 53 UOO053	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,105 BCE	Q-FTH117 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Yuzhnyy 52 UOO052	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,105 BCE	Q-FTH139 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Yuzhnyy 12 UOO012	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,105 BCE	R-YP5056	Posth et al. 2023
Minino 537 NEO537	Kunda	Minino, Vologda	Russian Federation	6,102 BCE	R-Y13202 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Shamanka 245 DA245	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,994 BCE	N-FT210118	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Karavaikha 557 NEO557	Kunda	Karavaikha, NW Russia	Russian Federation	5,962 BCE	R-Y13204 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Karavaikha 560 NEO560	Kunda	Karavaikha, NW Russia	Russian Federation	5,955 BCE	R-Y13204 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Yuzhnyy 49 UOO049	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Yuzhniy Oleni Ostrov, Onega Lake	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	5,932 BCE	J-M267	Posth et al. 2023
Zamostje 88 NEO88	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Zamostje 2, Moscow region	Russian Federation	5,908 BCE	R-FTH47	Allentoft et al. 2024
Ulitsa-Karla-Marksa 11103 I11103	Neolithic Yenisei Forest-Steppe	Ulitsa-Karla-Marksa, Krasnoyarsk City, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	5,848 BCE	Q-M346 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Lokomotiv 357 DA357	Lokomotiv	Lokomotiv	Russian Federation	5,835 BCE	C-F3918 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Fofonovo 8501 I8501	Kitoi	Fofonovo, Fofonovo, Kabanskiy District, Republic of Buryatia	Russian Federation	5,807 BCE	Q-FTF174	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Fofonovo 12961 I12961	Kitoi	Fofonovo, Fofonovo, Kabanskiy District, Republic of Buryatia	Russian Federation	5,801 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Manzurka 999 I0999	Kitoi	Manzurka-2, Kachugskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	5,752 BCE	N-CTS6380	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Shamanka 247 DA247	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,739 BCE	N-Y148786 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Zhindo 117 NEO117	Bug–Dniester	Zhindo, Krasnochikoysky	Russian Federation	5,706 BCE	N-CTS6380	Allentoft et al. 2024
Shamanka 248 DA248	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,696 BCE	N-FT210118	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Chumysh-Perekat 11745 I11745	Neolithic Upper Ob	Chumysh-Perekat-1, Zalesovskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,692 BCE	Q-YP828	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Rasputino 13679 I13679	Kitoi	Rasputino, Rasputino, Ust’-Udinskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	5,683 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sosnovy-Mys 2134 I2134	Kitoi	Sosnovy-Mys, Ust'-Ilimskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	5,637 BCE	C-F17066	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Firsovo 11744 I11744	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,613 BCE	Q-FT394000	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Firsovo 10963 I10963	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,613 BCE	Q-YP828	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Zhindo 115 NEO115	Bug–Dniester	Zhindo, Krasnochikoysky	Russian Federation	5,600 BCE	N-CTS6380	Allentoft et al. 2024
Vengerovo 922 NEO922	Neolithic Central Asian	Vengerovo-2, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	5,599 BCE	Q-F2019 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Lokomotiv 359 DA359	Lokomotiv	Lokomotiv, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,595 BCE	N-FT210118	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Neo-Siberian 239 NEO239	Devil's Gate	Devil's Gate Cave, Vladivostok	Russian Federation	5,593 BCE	C-F3977 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Minino 1-4 MNN004	Neolithic Russian	Minino II, Vologda	Russian Federation	5,578 BCE	R-M198 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Firsovo 997 I0997	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,548 BCE	Q-YP828	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.); T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8410 I8410	Pit-Comb Lyalovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	5,547 BCE	Q-BY1771 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Golubaya Krinitsa 12490 I12490	Mariupol	Golubaya Krinitsa, Voronezh Oblast	Russian Federation	5,500 BCE	R-M515	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Omsk 1959 I1959	Neolithic Middle Irtysh	Omsk, Omsk City, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	5,496 BCE	Q-FTH143	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Vas'kovo 2074 I2074	Neolithic Upper Ob	Vas'kovo-4, Promyshlennovsky District, Kemerovo Oblast	Russian Federation	5,493 BCE	Q-L53 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Golubaya Krinitsa 12491 I12491	Mariupol	Golubaya Krinitsa, Voronezh Oblast	Russian Federation	5,469 BCE	R-M515	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Vas'kovo 2075 I2075	Neolithic Upper Ob	Vas'kovo-4, Promyshlennovsky District, Kemerovo Oblast	Russian Federation	5,460 BCE	Q-FTF174	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Golubaya Krinitsa 212 NEO212	Samara	Golubaya Krinitsa, Lower Don	Russian Federation	5,443 BCE	I-Y8551	Allentoft et al. 2024
Kuenga 8 brn008	Neolithic Trans-Baikal	Kuenga River, Zabaykalsky Krai	Russian Federation	5,443 BCE	N-L839	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Shamanka 250 DA250	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,427 BCE	N-FT210118	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Firsovo 10962 I10962	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,425 BCE	Q-YP810	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 3546 I3546	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,404 BCE	Q-M346 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Firsovo 996 I0996	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,404 BCE	Q-YP828	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.); T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 8740 I8740	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,400 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6064 I6064	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,397 BCE	R-Y148165 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8438 I8438	Pit-Comb Lyalovo	Sakhtysh, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	5,350 BCE	R-FTA3896	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Shamanka 251 DA251	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,349 BCE	N-FT210118	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 8287 I8287	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,349 BCE	Q-FTH37	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Golubaya Krinitsa 113 NEO113	Dnieper–Donets	Golubaya Krinitsa, Lower Don	Russian Federation	5,348 BCE	R-M459 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Golubaya Krinitsa 209 NEO209	Samara	Golubaya Krinitsa, Lower Don	Russian Federation	5,346 BCE	R-M459 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Itkul 1962 I1962	Neolithic Upper Ob	Itkul (Bolshoy-Mys), Troitskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,339 BCE	Q-Y11671	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 8286 I8286	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,339 BCE	Q-Y79428	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Angara 1 ANG001	Angara	Angara river, Irkutsk city	Russian Federation	5,324 BCE	C-F3977 ?	He Yu et al. 2020
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6068 I6068	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,291 BCE	R-MF41076	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Shamanka 362 DA362	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,280 BCE	N-FT210118	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Golubaya Krinitsa 204 NEO204	Samara	Golubaya Krinitsa, Lower Don	Russian Federation	5,278 BCE	I-P222 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6062 I6062	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,269 BCE	R-MF41076	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 8282 I8282	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,266 BCE	Q-FTH43	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6065 I6065	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,266 BCE	R-FTK288 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6066 I6066	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,263 BCE	R-FT222178	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6067 I6067	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,262 BCE	R-FTK288	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 23651 I23651	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	5,250 BCE	Q-Y79428	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Fofonovo 199 NEO199	Neolithic Central Asian	Fofonovo, Baikal	Russian Federation	5,219 BCE	Q-FTF174	Allentoft et al. 2024
Ust'-Isha 2142 I2142	Neolithic Upper Ob	Ust'-Isha, Krasnogorskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	5,166 BCE	C-FTH128	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Golubaya Krinitsa 210 NEO210	Samara	Golubaya Krinitsa, Lower Don	Russian Federation	5,158 BCE	R-M515	Allentoft et al. 2024
S'yezzheye 22204 I22204	Mariupol	S'yezzheye, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	5,150 BCE	R-V1274	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ekaterinovskiy-Mys 6058 I6058	Mariupol-Khvalynsk	Ekaterinovskiy-Mys, Samara Oblast, Bezenchuksky District	Russian Federation	5,130 BCE	R-Y148165 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Fofonovo 201 NEO201	Neolithic Central Asian	Fofonovo, Baikal	Russian Federation	5,114 BCE	Q-FTF174	Allentoft et al. 2024
Omskaya Stoyanka 75 NEO75	Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer	Omskaya Stoyanka II, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	5,108 BCE	Q-FT75883 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Itkul 63 NEO63	Neolithic Central Asian	Itkul, Altai region	Russian Federation	5,107 BCE	Q-YP828 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Khvalynsk 6408 I6408	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	5,107 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ust'-Isha 67 NEO67	Neolithic Central Asian	Ust'-Isha, Altai region	Russian Federation	5,098 BCE	C-F3918 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Moscow 82 I7759	Ust'-Belaya	Ust'-Belaya, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	5,085 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	Flegontov et al. 2019
Khvalynsk 6299 I6299	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Khvalynsk-2 (Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District, Khvalynsk town)	Russian Federation	5,083 BCE	Q-FTH110 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sakhtish 185 NEO185	Samara	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	5,078 BCE	Q-PH580	Allentoft et al. 2024
Khvalynsk 6735 I6735	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	5,070 BCE	J-Z1841	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Fofonovo 200 NEO200	Neolithic Central Asian	Fofonovo, Baikal	Russian Federation	5,057 BCE	Q-FTF174	Allentoft et al. 2024
Khvalynsk 6740 I6740	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	5,057 BCE	Q-FTH112	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Omskaya Stoyanka 78 NEO78	Samara	Omskaya Stoyanka II, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	5,003 BCE	Q-FTH143	Allentoft et al. 2024
Korchugan 991 I0991	Neolithic Middle Irtysh	Korchugan-1, Kyshtovskiy District, Novosibirsk Oblast	Russian Federation	5,002 BCE	Q-M346 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sosnovy-Mys 11107 I11107	Serovo	Sosnovy-Mys, Ust'-Ilimskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	5,000 BCE	N-Y148786	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Samara Valley 47 I0434	Khvalynsk	Volga River, Khvalynsk	Russian Federation	4,975 BCE	Q-MEH2 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015
Sakhtysh 8411 I8411	Pit-Comb Lyalovo	Sakhtysh, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	4,966 BCE	R-FTA3896	Akbari et al. 2026; Allentoft et al. 2024; Lazaridis et al. 2025; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Kitoi 1 IUO001	Kitoi	Lena River, Zhigalovsky District	Russian Federation	4,955 BCE	C-F17066	He Yu et al. 2020
Kachugsky 1 KAG001	Kitoi	Lena River, Kachugsky District	Russian Federation	4,906 BCE	C-BY728	He Yu et al. 2020
Progress 2001 PG2001	Eneolithic Steppe	Progress, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	4,900 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Firsovo 11754 I11754	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-14, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,895 BCE	Q-FT394000	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6736 I6736	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,892 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6103 I6103	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,889 BCE	I-PF6902	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6407 I6407	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,889 BCE	Q-FTH112	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Primorsky 1193 I1193	Boisman	Boisman-2, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	4,882 BCE	C-F6301 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Primorsky 3355 I3355	Boisman	Boisman-2, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	4,871 BCE	C-FTC347	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Khvalynsk 6741 I6741	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,868 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6107 I6107	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,860 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Samara Valley 35 I0122	Khvalynsk	Volga River, Khvalynsk, Samara	Russian Federation	4,856 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015
Khvalynsk 6405 I6405	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District, Khvalynsk town	Russian Federation	4,831 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Berezhnovka 22199 I22199	Eneolithic Steppe	Berezhnovka, Volgograd Oblast	Russian Federation	4,829 BCE	I-S21579 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6406 I6406	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District, Khvalynsk town	Russian Federation	4,827 BCE	R-FTH68	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6738 I6738	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,805 BCE	R-Y148165	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
S'yezzheye 22203 I22203	Mariupol	S'yezzheye, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	4,800 BCE	R-V1274	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Berezhnovka 22200 I22200	Eneolithic Steppe	Berezhnovka, Volgograd Oblast	Russian Federation	4,776 BCE	R-Y96236	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6109 I6109	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,775 BCE	R-FTH68	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Primorsky 14308 I14308	Boisman	Boisman-2, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	4,764 BCE	C-M48	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Primorsky 1192 I1192	Boisman	Boisman-2, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	4,761 BCE	C-F3447 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Khvalynsk 20188 I20188	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast	Russian Federation	4,730 BCE	Q-FTH112	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6402 I6402	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,701 BCE	R-FTH68	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6737 I6737	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,669 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Firsovo 11741 I11741	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,667 BCE	Q-YP810	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Firsovo 13096 I13096	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,627 BCE	Q-Y11671	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Samara Valley 46 I0433	Khvalynsk	Volga River, Khvalynsk	Russian Federation	4,611 BCE	R-CTS7500	Mathieson et al. 2015
Kadalinka 3 brn003	Neolithic Trans-Baikal	Kadalinka River, Zabaykalsky Krai	Russian Federation	4,605 BCE	N-M2005	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Khvalynsk 6412 I6412	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,601 BCE	R-FTH68	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Firsovo 12224 I12224	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,593 BCE	C-F1906 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Firsovo 12225 I12225	Neolithic Upper Ob	Firsovo-11, Firsovo, Pervomayskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,593 BCE	Q-YP828	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Murzikha 8456 I8456	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,586 BCE	Q-FTJ13	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Murzikha 8450 I8450	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,572 BCE	Q-FTJ9	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Afontova-Gora 13674 I13674	Neolithic Yenisei Forest-Steppe	Afontova-Gora, Krasnoyarsk City, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	4,567 BCE	Q-L330 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 12498 I12498	Volosovo	Sakhtysh, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	4,550 BCE	R-FTH48	Lazaridis et al. 2025; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Lebedi 2076 I2076	Neolithic Upper Ob	Lebedi-2, Promyshlennovsky District, Kemerovo Oblast	Russian Federation	4,546 BCE	Q-Y11671 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Unakozovskaya 2055 I2055	Eneolithic Steppe	Unakozovskaya, Adygea Republic	Russian Federation	4,538 BCE	J-CTS6619 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Unakozovskaya 2056 I2056	Eneolithic Steppe	Unakozovskaya, Adygea Republic	Russian Federation	4,512 BCE	J-Z7675 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Murzikha 8451 I8451	Eneolithic Russian	Murzikha, Alexeyevsky District	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,502 BCE	Q-FTJ12 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Fofonovo 648 Sirak648	Neolithic Siberian	Fofonovo, Buryatia	Russian Federation	4,500 BCE	N-Z35161	Sirak et al. 2020
Itkul 1964 I1964	Bolshoy Mys	Itkul (Bolshoy-Mys), Troitskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,496 BCE	C-FTG32887	Allentoft et al. 2024; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Murzikha 8449 I8449	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,460 BCE	Q-FTJ12	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6739 I6739	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,454 BCE	Q-FTH110	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Murzikha 8457 I8457	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,450 BCE	Q-BZ837	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Murzikha 8744 I8744	Eneolithic Russian	Murzikha, Alexeyevsky District	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,450 BCE	Q-FTH117 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Murzikha 11841 I11841	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,450 BCE	Q-FTJ13	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Khvalynsk 6104 I6104	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast, Khvalynsky District	Russian Federation	4,449 BCE	R-FTH68	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Nalchik 1 NCK001	Eneolithic Steppe	Nalchik, North Caucasus	Russian Federation	4,445 BCE	R-BY15337	Ghalichi et al. 2024; Zhur et al. 2024
Khvalynsk 11837 I11837	Khvalynsk	Khvalynsk, Saratov Oblast	Russian Federation	4,425 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Murzihinskij 1 MUR001	Volosovo	Murzihinskij II, Milicejskij	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,405 BCE	Q-F1096 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Murzihinskij 5 MUR005	Volosovo	Murzihinskij II, Milicejskij	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,405 BCE	Q-FTJ12	Posth et al. 2023
Murzihinskij 17 MUR017	Volosovo	Murzihinskij II, Milicejskij	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,405 BCE	Q-NGQ11 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Murzikha 11030 I11030	Eneolithic Kama Estuary	Murzikha, Alexeyevsky District	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,399 BCE	Q-FTJ9	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Nizhnetytkesken 1 NIZ001	Neolithic Siberian	Nizhnetytkesken Cave, Chemalsky District	Russia (Republic of Altai)	4,391 BCE	C-BY728	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Berezhnovka 22201 I22201	Eneolithic Steppe	Berezhnovka, Volgograd Oblast	Russian Federation	4,389 BCE	R-Y96236	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kangalassy 15934 I15934	Syalakh	Kangalassy, Kangalassy, Yakutsk City, Republic of Sakha	Russian Federation	4,387 BCE	N-MF47236	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Murzihinskij 7 MUR007	Volosovo	Murzihinskij II, Milicejskij	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	4,385 BCE	Q-FTH117 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Murzikha 8455 I8455	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,360 BCE	Q-FTJ13	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Moscow 111 I20760	Neolithic Siberian	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	4,355 BCE	Q-Y11671	Harney et al. 2021
Ust'-Isha 20314 I20314	Neolithic Upper Ob	Ust'-Isha, Krasnogorskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	4,354 BCE	Q-FTH142	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Berendeyevo 1 BER001	Volosovo	Berendeyevo, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	4,353 BCE	Q-PH580	Saag et al. 2021
Murzikha 8448 I8448	Kama	Murzikha-2, Mokrye Kurnali, Alekseevskiy District, Republic of Tatarstan	Russian Federation	4,307 BCE	Q-FTJ13	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Krivyansky 11828 I11828	Serednii Stih	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	4,305 BCE	J-S18579 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8417 I8417	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	4,295 BCE	Q-Y54688	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Onnyos 1 N5a	Neolithic Yakutian	Onnyos, Lena River	Russian Federation	4,288 BCE	Q-YP4010	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Novoaltaysk 1 NVR001	Neolithic Siberian	Cemetery Novoaltaysk, Razvilka	Russia (Republic of Altai)	4,252 BCE	Q-Y11671	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Konstantinovskiy 6001 KT6001	Eneolithic Steppe	Konstantinovskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	4,201 BCE	R-V1636	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Sengeleevskiy 1 SNG001	Eneolithic Steppe	Sengeleevskiy, Baga-Burul	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	4,196 BCE	R-BY15337	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Kurganniy 7 KUG007	Eneolithic Steppe	Kurganniy, North Caucasus	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	4,195 BCE	R-Y96236	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Sakhtysh 8418 I8418	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	4,189 BCE	R-M198	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Borovyanka 6963 I6963	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	4,186 BCE	R-L1432	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Kulmetovskiy-Grot 20948 I20948	Eneolithic Urals	Kulmetovskiy-Grot, Katav-Ivanovskiy District, Chelyabinsk Oblast	Russian Federation	4,183 BCE	R-Y13202 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Progress 2004 PG2004	Eneolithic Steppe	Progress, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	4,138 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Sosnovy-Mys 1961 I1961	Serovo	Sosnovy-Mys, Ust'-Ilimskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	4,120 BCE	N-Y9023	Rohland et al. 2022; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Agin Buryat 2 brn002	Neolithic Trans-Baikal	Agin-Buryat, Zabaykalsky Krai	Russian Federation	4,111 BCE	N-CTS11713	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Okunevo 6848 I6848	Okunev	Okunevo, N-EBA burials (Okunevo-3,-5,-7), Okunevo, Muromtsevskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	4,103 BCE	Q-L932 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Dolgoe Ozero 292 NEO292	Neolithic Central Asian	Dolgoe Ozero, Krasnojarskij krai	Russian Federation	4,086 BCE	Q-FTF174	Allentoft et al. 2024
Borovyanka 6828 I6828	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	4,086 BCE	R-L1432	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtish 181 NEO181	Lyalovo	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	4,084 BCE	Q-Y54688	Allentoft et al. 2024
Maksimovka 6904 I6904	Eneolithic Volga	Maksimovka, Neftegorsky District, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	4,057 BCE	I-FT344596	Lazaridis et al. 2025; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Korkino 30 irk030	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Korkino, Lena River	Russian Federation	4,050 BCE	Q-BZ180	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Kulmetovskiy-Grot 20893 I20893	Eneolithic Urals	Kulmetovskiy-Grot, Katav-Ivanovskiy District, Chelyabinsk Oblast	Russian Federation	4,004 BCE	R-L1432	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8409 I8409	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	4,004 BCE	R-YP5056	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtish 180 NEO180	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,989 BCE	R-Y13204	Allentoft et al. 2024
Remontnoe 28683 I28683	Eneolithic Steppe	Remontnoe, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	3,978 BCE	R-Y148165	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ust'-Isha 12876 I12876	Neolithic Upper Ob	Ust'-Isha, Krasnogorskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,950 BCE	C-MPB338 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ust'-Isha 1965 I1965	Neolithic Upper Ob	Ust'-Isha, Krasnogorskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,917 BCE	C-FTG32887	Rohland et al. 2022; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie Bugry 2 TZB002	Neolithic Siberian	Cemetery Tuzovskie Bugry, Barnaul	Russia (Republic of Altai)	3,894 BCE	C-FTH128	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Borovyanka 6831 I6831	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,894 BCE	R-L1432	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 12964 I12964	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Sakhtysh, Teykovskiy District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,892 BCE	R-FTH61	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Solontcy 2073 I2073	Neolithic Upper Ob	Solontcy-5, Soltonskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,886 BCE	Q-FTH142	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 12628 I12628	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,878 BCE	C-FTH128	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ogonyok 23448 I23448	Belkachi	Ogonyok, Yakutsk City, Republic of Sakha	Russian Federation	3,878 BCE	Q-L53 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ust'-Isha 1963 I1963	Neolithic Upper Ob	Ust'-Isha, Krasnogorskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,876 BCE	C-FTG32887	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8405 I8405	Volosovo	Sakhtysh, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,875 BCE	R-FTH61	Lazaridis et al. 2025; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Protoka 309 NEO309	Neolithic Central Asian	Protoka, West Siberia	Russian Federation	3,874 BCE	Q-Y244218	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sakhtysh 8404 I8404	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Sakhtysh, Teykovskiy District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,872 BCE	R-Y13204	Akbari et al. 2026; Allentoft et al. 2024; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Solontcy 2072 I2072	Neolithic Upper Ob	Solontcy-5, Soltonskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,835 BCE	C-F12948 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 11750 I11750	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,831 BCE	C-FTH133	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Afontova Gora 102 NEO102	Neolithic Central Asian	Afontova Gora, Krasnoyarsk	Russian Federation	3,831 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Tuzovskie-Bugry 13100 I13100	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,830 BCE	C-FTH133	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Zolotarëvka 2 ZO1002	Eneolithic Steppe	Zolotarëvka, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,830 BCE	J-L283 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Maksimovka 8446 I8446	Eneolithic Volga	Maksimovka-1, Maksimovka, Neftegorskiy District, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	3,828 BCE	R-YP5056	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8414 I8414	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,808 BCE	I-P37 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtish 158 NEO158	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish II, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,804 BCE	R-Y13202 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Tuzovskie-Bugry 994 I0994	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,802 BCE	C-FTH128	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 8408 I8408	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,802 BCE	R-Y13204	Akbari et al. 2026; Allentoft et al. 2024; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtish 175 NEO195	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,797 BCE	I-FT344596	Allentoft et al. 2024
Borovyanka 6827 I6827	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,795 BCE	Q-M25	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Vengerovo 916 NEO916	Botai	Vengerovo-2, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	3,777 BCE	Q-M25 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Murzihinskij 21 MUR021	Volosovo	Murzihinskij II, Milicejskij	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	3,739 BCE	Q-FTH139 ?	Posth et al. 2023
Vasilyevskiy kordon 164 NEO164	Khvalynsk	Vasilyevskiy kordon 17, Middle Don river	Russian Federation	3,719 BCE	R-M198	Allentoft et al. 2024
Borovjanka 83 NEO83	Neolithic Central Asian	Borovjanka, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	3,714 BCE	R-L1432	Allentoft et al. 2024
Nevinnomyskiy 3-3 NV3003	Eneolithic Steppe	Nevinnomyskiy 3, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,714 BCE	R-M269	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Vasilyevskiy kordon 166 NEO166	Khvalynsk	Vasilyevskiy kordon 17, Middle Don river	Russian Federation	3,713 BCE	R-FTH61	Allentoft et al. 2024
Fofonovo 1 FNO001	Bronze Age Central Asian	Fofonovo, Buryatia	Russian Federation	3,705 BCE	N-MF47236	Jeong et al. 2020
Vengerovo 907 NEO907	Neolithic Central Asian	Vengerovo-2, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	3,699 BCE	C-FTH128	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sakhtysh 8420 I8420	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2a, Teykovsky District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,699 BCE	I-CTS4348 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Primorsky 14771 I14771	Boisman	Boisman-2, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	3,675 BCE	C-F1918 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Maksimovka 8742 I8742	Eneolithic Volga	Maksimovka, Samara Oblast, Neftegorsky District	Russian Federation	3,671 BCE	I-FT344596 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Primorsky 3356 I3356	Boisman	Boisman-2, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	3,655 BCE	C-FTC347	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Vasilyevskiy kordon 163 NEO163	Khvalynsk	Vasilyevskiy kordon 17, Middle Don river	Russian Federation	3,654 BCE	J-F3249	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sakhtish 189 NEO189	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,654 BCE	R-M198	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sakhtish 194 NEO194	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,647 BCE	R-FTH61	Allentoft et al. 2024
Yashkul 33307 I33307	Eneolithic Steppe	Yashkul, Volga-Chogray-Channel	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	3,619 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Gorodische 40 irk040	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Gorodische, Angara River	Russian Federation	3,617 BCE	Q-FTF174	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Klady 6268 I6268	Novosvobodnaya	Klady, Adygea Republic	Russian Federation	3,600 BCE	J-FGC15577	Akbari et al. 2026; C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Essentukskiy 5 ESY005	Maykop	Essentukskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,585 BCE	L-FTH66967	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Kirpichnyj Saraj 34 irk034	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Kirpichnyj Saraj, Angara River	Russian Federation	3,583 BCE	Q-BZ2210	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Kamenka 10900 I10900	Serovo	Kamenka-1, Boguchanskiy District, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	3,575 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ust'-Ida 355 DA355	UstIda	Ust'-Ida cemetery, Angara River Valley	Russian Federation	3,519 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Vengerovo 917 NEO917	Neolithic Central Asian	Vengerovo-2, Novosibirsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,512 BCE	Q-FT394000	Allentoft et al. 2024
Ust'-Ida 345 DA345	UstIda	Ust'-Ida, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	3,504 BCE	N-B187	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Ipatovo 5 IV3005	Maykop	Ipatovo, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,501 BCE	Q-F1161 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Okunevo 6846 I6846	Pit-Comb Ware	Okunevo, N-EBA burials (Okunevo-3,-5,-7), Okunevo, Muromtsevskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	Q-F1161 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Itkul 12874 I12874	Bolshoy Mys	Itkul (Bolshoy-Mys), Troitskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	Q-L712	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Okunevo 6837 I6837	Okunev	Okunevo, N-EBA burials (Okunevo-3,-5,-7), Okunevo, Muromtsevskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	Q-MEH2 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Itkul 12873 I12873	Bolshoy Mys	Itkul (Bolshoy-Mys), Troitskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	Q-Y11671 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Itkul 11003 I11003	Bolshoy Mys	Itkul (Bolshoy-Mys), Troitskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	Q-YP810	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Itkul 13676 I13676	Bolshoy Mys	Itkul (Bolshoy-Mys), Troitskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	Q-YP828 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Borovyanka 6951 I6951	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,500 BCE	R-Y13202 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Sakhtysh 12494 I12494	Volosovo	Sakhtysh-2, Sakhtysh, Teykovskiy District, Ivanovo Oblast	Russian Federation	3,497 BCE	I-FT344596	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Borovyanka 6999 I6999	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,497 BCE	Q-FTH139	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Kurganniy 5 KUG005	Maykop	Kurganniy, North Caucasus	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	3,495 BCE	R-CTS7500 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Sokhter 75 irk075	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Sokhter, Lake Baikal	Russian Federation	3,494 BCE	Q-BZ2222	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Kumyshanskaya Cave 687 NEO687	Narva	Kumyshanskaya Cave, Ural	Russian Federation	3,493 BCE	R-YP4141 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sharakhalsun 6010 SA6010	Maykop	Sharakhalsun, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,450 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Sakhtish 188 NEO188	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,440 BCE	I-Z161 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Klady 6266 I6266	Novosvobodnaya	Klady, Adygea Republic	Russian Federation	3,435 BCE	J-FGC15577	Akbari et al. 2026; C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Tuzovskie Bugry 1 TZB001	Neolithic Siberian	Cemetery Tuzovskie Bugry, Barnaul	Russia (Republic of Altai)	3,433 BCE	C-FTH128	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Tuzovskie-Bugry 11747 I11747	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,425 BCE	C-FTH133	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 13260 I13260	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,425 BCE	N-BY95327	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 17582 I17582	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,425 BCE	Q-BZ433 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 12323 I12323	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,425 BCE	Q-Y11671	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 995 I0995	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,412 BCE	C-FTH128	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tuzovskie-Bugry 13811 I13811	Eneolithic Upper Ob	Tuzovskie-Bugry-1 (Vasino-5), Barnaul City, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,412 BCE	C-FTH133	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Shatrovo 10632 I10632	Eneolithic Urals	Shatrovo, Chelyabinsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,400 BCE	N-Y296163	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Tsarskaya 4429 I4429	Maikop	Tsarskaya, Maykopsky District	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	3,350 BCE	J-P81 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sakhtish 178 NEO178	Khvalynsk	Sakhtish II, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,318 BCE	I-FT344596	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sakhtish 197 NEO197	Yamnaya	Sakhtish IIa, Ivanovo oblast	Russian Federation	3,295 BCE	I-FT344596	Allentoft et al. 2024
Ipatovo 3002 IV3002	Maykop	Ipatovo, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,251 BCE	T-Y8614 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Ipatovo 10 IV3010	Maykop	Ipatovo, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,237 BCE	Q-F749 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Kurganniy 3 KUG003	Maykop	Kurganniy, North Caucasus	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	3,235 BCE	Q-L936 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Krivyansky 12686 I12686	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	3,233 BCE	I-FTJ86	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 24092 I24092	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	3,233 BCE	I-L703 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kurganniy 4 KUG004	Maykop	Kurganniy, North Caucasus	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	3,233 BCE	Q-BZ1462 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Razdum'ye 13678 I13678	Kiprino	Razdum'ye-1, Krutikhinskiy District, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	3,231 BCE	C-FTH128	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Komsomolec 23 KMM023	Maykop	Komsomolec, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,231 BCE	J-FT4642	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Sinyukha 2 SIJ002	Maykop	Sinyukha, Adygea Republic	Russian Federation	3,223 BCE	L-L595	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Panitskaya 6733 I6733	Yamnaya	Panitskaya, Saratov Oblast, Krasnoarmeysky District	Russian Federation	3,223 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sharakhalsun 6013 SA6013	Maykop	Sharakhalsun, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,217 BCE	R-CTS5437 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Sharakhalsun 6004 SA6004	Maykop	Sharakhalsun, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,209 BCE	Q-BZ1462 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Marinskaya 5001 MK5001	Maykop	Marinskaya, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,200 BCE	L-FT1862 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Marinskaya 5004 MK5004	Maykop	Marinskaya, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	3,200 BCE	L-FT1862 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Podlesny 1450 I1450	Yamnaya	Podlesny, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	3,180 BCE	R-FTJ45301	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Mys Uyuga 71 irk071	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Mys Uyuga, Lake Baikal	Russian Federation	3,179 BCE	Q-BZ2222	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Dlinnaya 6272 I6272	Maykop	Dlinnaya Polyana, Adygea Republic	Russian Federation	3,131 BCE	G-FGC77440 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Karakol 26089 I26089	Afanasievo	Karakol, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	3,131 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Nizhnaya-Orlyanka 6729 I6729	Yamnaya	Nizhnaya-Orlyanka, Samara Oblast, Sergiyevsky District	Russian Federation	3,126 BCE	R-FTJ45301	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Ternovoye 41 DS41		Ternovoye I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	3,125 BCE	I-L801	Andreeva et al. 2025
Samara Valley 38 I0429	Yamnaya	Sok River, Lopatino	Russian Federation	3,124 BCE	R-Y20993	Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Grachevka 243 I0243	Yamnaya	Grachevka, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	3,123 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Elo 5270 I5270	Afanasievo	Elo, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	3,108 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 52 I0439	Yamnaya	Sok River, Lopatino, Samara	Russian Federation	3,071 BCE	R-M269 ?	Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Samara Valley 58 I0444	Yamnaya	Kutuluk River, Kutuluk	Russian Federation	3,053 BCE	R-Y20993	Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Bolshoy-Tolgoyok 322619 I32619	Afanasievo	Bolshoy-Tolgoyok, Shebalinsky District	Russia (Republic of Altai)	3,050 BCE	R-L23 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 26778 I26778	Yamnaya	Krivyansk, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	3,004 BCE	I-FTJ77	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Okunevo 6833 I6833	Okunev	Okunevo, N-EBA burials (Okunevo-3,-5,-7), Okunevo, Muromtsevskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	3,003 BCE	Q-M346 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Afanasieva-Gora 20559 I20559	Afanasievo	Afanasieva-Gora, Bogradsky District	Russian Federation	3,003 BCE	R-BY15592	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Elo 5277 I5277	Afanasievo	Elo, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	3,002 BCE	R-Z2109	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kuyus 33646 I33646	Afanasievo	Kuyus, Chemalsky District	Russia (Republic of Altai)	3,000 BCE	R-L23 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Leschevo 6731 I6731	Yamnaya	Leschevo, Samara Oblast, Neftegorsky District	Russian Federation	2,999 BCE	R-FTH48	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Nizhnaya-Orlyanka 6728 I6728	Yamnaya	Nizhnaya-Orlyanka, Samara Oblast, Sergiyevsky District	Russian Federation	2,999 BCE	R-KMS75	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Obkhoy 1001 I1001	Glazkovo	Obkhoy, Kachugskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,991 BCE	Q-BZ2210 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ust'-Kuyum 2071 I2071	Afanasievo	Ust'-Kuyum, Altai Mountains	Russian Federation	2,990 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Bogolubovka 11831 I11831	Yamnaya	Bogolubovka, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,989 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Tyumechin 5278 I5278	Afanasievo	Lower Tyumechin, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	2,979 BCE	R-FTA29814	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Peshany 550 RISE550	Yamnaya	Kurgan, Peshany V	Russian Federation	2,966 BCE	R-M269	Allentoft et al. 2015
Okunevo 6964 I6964	Okunev	Okunevo, N-EBA burials (Okunevo-3,-5,-7), Okunevo, Muromtsevskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,957 BCE	Q-Y244218	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Mokro-Chaltyrsky 24093 I24093	Yamnaya	Mokro-Chaltyrsky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,956 BCE	R-BY15339 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Elo 5269 I5269	Afanasievo	Elo, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	2,956 BCE	R-Z2109	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Lazaridis et al. 2025; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Tyumechin 5279 I5279	Afanasievo	Lower Tyumechin, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	2,955 BCE	R-FTA29814	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kurota 20101 I20101	Afanasievo	Kurota, Gorno-Altaisk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,955 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 24091 I24091	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,951 BCE	I-FTJ86	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Evdyk 32851 I32851	Yamnaya	Evdyk, Ketchenerovsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,950 BCE	R-FTH67	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Evdyk 32868 I32868	Yamnaya	Evdyk, Ketchenerovsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,950 BCE	R-FTH67	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Idzhil 1289. I12893	Yamnaya	Idzhil, Oktyabrsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,950 BCE	R-KMS75	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Chograi 32873 I32873	Yamnaya	Chograi, Iki-Burulsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,950 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Zakhanata 32865 I32865	Yamnaya	Zakhanata, Sarpinsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,950 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 24086 I24086	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,949 BCE	I-FTJ86	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Berezhnovka 22197 I22197	Yamnaya	Berezhnovka, Volgograd Oblast	Russian Federation	2,949 BCE	R-FTJ45301	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Evdyk 32871 I32871	Yamnaya	Evdyk, Ketchenerovsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,945 BCE	R-FTH67	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Chastaja Padi 33 irk033	Neolithic Cis-Baikal	Chastaja Padi, Angara River	Russian Federation	2,944 BCE	Q-BZ2222	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Tyumechin 5273 I5273	Afanasievo	Lower Tyumechin, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	2,922 BCE	R-BY185688	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Krivyansky 12685 I12685	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,901 BCE	I-FTJ86	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 24089 I24089	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,901 BCE	I-FTJ86	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 24090 I24090	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,901 BCE	I-FTJ86	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krestovy 6882 I6882	Yamnaya	Krestovy, Rostov Oblast, Aksaysky District	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	I-Y8551 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Velikent 7 VEK007	Kura–Araxes	Velikent	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	2,900 BCE	J-Z1842 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Chernoozerye 6787 I6787	Seima-Turbino	Chernoozerye-1, Chernoozerye, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	Q-YP3955	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tsatsa 10597 I10597	Yamnaya	Tsatsa, Volgograd Oblast	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	R-FTH67	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Samara Valley 57 I0443	Yamnaya	Sok River, Samara	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	R-FTJ45302	Akbari et al. 2026; Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Samara Valley 10 I0370	Yamnaya	Ishkinovka	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	R-KMS67 ?	Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Lopatino 10714 I10714	Yamnaya	Lopatino, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	R-KMS75	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Yashkul 33864 I33864	Yamnaya	Yashkul, Volga-Chogray-Channel	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,900 BCE	R-L23 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krasnoyarsk 11112 I11112	Afanasievo	Burial, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Temrta 548 RISE548	Yamnaya	Kurgan, Temrta	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	R-Y343303	Allentoft et al. 2015
Khankarinsky-Dol 13812 I13812	Afanasievo	Khankarinsky-Dol, Krasnoshchyokovsky District	Russia (Republic of Altai)	2,900 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Inskoy-Dol 13813 I13813	Afanasievo	Inskoy-Dol, Krasnoshchyokovsky District	Russia (Republic of Altai)	2,900 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Vesely 23654 I23654	Catacomb	Vesely, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,899 BCE	I-FTJ77	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 24088 I24088	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,899 BCE	I-FTJ77 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kutuluk 11840 I11840	Yamnaya	Kutuluk, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	2,899 BCE	R-KMS75	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 26787 I26787	Catacomb	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,898 BCE	I-FTJ77	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 26785 I26785	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,897 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Borovyanka 6830 I6830	Pit-Comb Ware	Borovyanka-17, Borovyanka, Bol’sherechenskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,896 BCE	Q-Y244218	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Poplavskoe 7677 I7677	Yamnaya	Poplavskoe, Samara Oblast, Kinel District	Russian Federation	2,896 BCE	R-KMS75	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Samara Valley 231 I0231	Yamnaya	Romanovka, Samara	Russian Federation	2,894 BCE	R-Y20993	Akbari et al. 2026; Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019; Patterson et al. 2022
Glazkovo 343 DA343	Glazkovo	Ust'-Ida cemetery, Angara River Valley	Russian Federation	2,869 BCE	Q-B287	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Neo-Siberian 232 NEO232	Neolithic Siberian	Ust'Belaya	Russian Federation	2,862 BCE	Q-BZ2222 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Lopatino 25026 I25026	Yamnaya	Lopatino, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	2,856 BCE	R-FTJ45302	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 26435 I26435	Catacomb	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,848 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Okunevo 6834 I6834	Okunev	Okunevo, N-EBA burials (Okunevo-3,-5,-7), Okunevo, Muromtsevskiy District, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,846 BCE	C-F3977 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Samara Valley 438 I0438	Yamnaya	Vodino, Samara	Russian Federation	2,835 BCE	R-Y20993	Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015; Patterson et al. 2022
Chograi 32872 I32872	Yamnaya	Chogra, Iki-Burulsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,825 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sergushkin 5280 I5280	Glazkovo	Sergushkin-3, Sergushkin Island, Kezhemskiy District, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	2,807 BCE	Q-BZ2197 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tolsty 11102 I11102	Neolithic Yenisei Forest-Steppe	Tolsty-Mys-1, Kezhemskiy District, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	2,805 BCE	Q-F1161 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Vesely 23555 I23655	Catacomb	Vesely, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,804 BCE	I-FTJ77	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 12687 I12687	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,802 BCE	I-FTJ86	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kamyshta 32497 I32497	Afanasievo	Kamyshta, Askizsky District	Russian Federation	2,800 BCE	I-V4921	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Moscow 114 I7779	Ust'-Belaya	Ust'-Belaya, Irkustk	Russian Federation	2,800 BCE	Q-BZ2197 ?	Flegontov et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 42 I6711	Afanasievo	Gora Afanasieva, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,800 BCE	R-L23 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamyshta 32501 I32501	Afanasievo	Kamyshta, Askizsky District	Russian Federation	2,800 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krasnogvardeyskoe 7 KNK007	Yamnaya	Krasnogvardeyskoe, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,798 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Chaltyr 8952 I8952	Yamnaya	Chaltyr, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,795 BCE	R-FTH70	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Moscow 106 I1526	Ust’-Belaya	Ust’-Belaya, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,788 BCE	Q-BZ2222	Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Flegontov et al. 2019
Boykoponura 17 BOK017	Yamnaya	Boykoponura, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	2,788 BCE	R-FT130482	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Komsomolec 32 KMM032	North Caucasian	Komsomolec, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,786 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Grachevka 245 I0245	Yamnaya	Grachevka, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	2,785 BCE	R-KMS75	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Tsagan-Usn 33308 I33308	Yamnaya	Tsagan-Usn, Yashkulsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,784 BCE	R-Y100087 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Okunevo 77 NEO77	Bronze Age Central Asian	Okunevo 5 and 7, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	2,782 BCE	Q-M346 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Ipatovo 8 IV3008	Maykop	Ipatovo, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,781 BCE	I-CTS10057 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Krivyansky 26638 I26638	Catacomb	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,780 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Komsomolec 30 KMM030	North Caucasian	Komsomolec, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,780 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Kiziliskiy 7487 I7487	Yamnaya	Kiziliskiy, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Kizilsky District	Russian Federation	2,779 BCE	R-Y103021	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Bobrovka 7671 I7671	Bronze Age Central Asian	Bobrovka, Samara	Russian Federation	2,779 BCE	R-Y20993	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kiziliskiy 7488 I7488	Yamnaya	Kiziliskiy, KiChelyabinsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,778 BCE	R-FTJ53750	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Glazkovo 36 irk036	Glazkovo	Glazkovo, Angara River	Russian Federation	2,777 BCE	Q-BZ2222	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Arapachin 10627 I10627	Yamnaya	Arapachin Kurgan, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,777 BCE	R-L23 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kiziliskiy 7483 I7483	Yamnaya	Kiziliskiy, Chelyabinsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,776 BCE	R-FTJ53750	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Afanasieva 3387 I3387	Afanasievo	Afanasieva Gora, Middle Yenisei region	Russian Federation	2,775 BCE	R-FT406553	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 440 I0440	Poltavka	Vodino, Samara	Russian Federation	2,770 BCE	R-Y20993	Akbari et al. 2026; Mathieson et al. 2015; Patterson et al. 2022
Goryachevodskiy 1001 GW1001	Yamnaya	Goryachevodskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,768 BCE	R-M12149 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Rasshevatskiy 1001 RK1001	Yamnaya	Rasshevatskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,767 BCE	R-FTA3897	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Temrta 547 RISE547	Yamnaya	Kurgan, Temrta	Russian Federation	2,763 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Krivyansky 24085 I24085	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,759 BCE	I-FTJ86	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Yenisei 2 BZK002	Bronze Age Siberia	Yenisei river, Krasnoyarsk	Russian Federation	2,759 BCE	Q-BZ433	He Yu et al. 2020
Balkin 10567 I10567	Yamnaya	Balkin, Maloderbetovsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,759 BCE	R-FTH67	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Grachevka 6294 I6294	Bronze Age Central Asian	Grachevka, Samara	Russian Federation	2,759 BCE	R-KMS75 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Remontnoe 29564 I29564	Yamnaya	Remontnoe, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,758 BCE	R-Y100087 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Saint Petersburg 48 I3950	Afanasievo	Yenisey River bank of Karasuk, Altai Mountains	Russian Federation	2,757 BCE	Q-FTA37737	Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019; Wohns et al. 2022
Komsomolec 2 KMM002	North Caucasian	Komsomolec, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,757 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Krasikovo 10034 I10034	Yamnaya	Krasikovo, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,757 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kiziliskiy 7486 I7486	Yamnaya	Kiziliskiy, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Kizilsky District	Russian Federation	2,756 BCE	R-FT159944	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Komsomolec 10 KMM010	North Caucasian	Komsomolec, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,756 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Marinskaya 5009 MK5009	Bronze Age Caucasian	Marinskaya, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,755 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Krasnogvarde 1 KNK001	Yamnaya	Krasnogvarde, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,754 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Moscow 117 I7780	Ust'-Belaya	Ust'-Belaya, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,753 BCE	Q-BZ2210 ?	Flegontov et al. 2019
Vesely 23568 I23568	Catacomb	Vesely, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,752 BCE	I-FTJ77 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sosnovy-Mys 20309 I20309	Glazkovo	Sosnovy-Mys-2, Ust'-Ilimskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,750 BCE	Q-Y11938 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Remontnoe 29562 I29562	Yamnaya	Remontnoe, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,750 BCE	R-Y100087 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Balkin 6885 I6885	Yamnaya	Balkin, Republic of Kalmykia, Maloderbetovsky District	Russian Federation	2,750 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Dolgoye-Ozero 1522 I1522	Bronze Age Yenisei Forest-Steppe	Dolgoye-Ozero, Dolgo Ozero Lake, Nenets Autonomous Okrug	Russian Federation	2,732 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Beltyry 20089 I20089	Okunev	Beltyry, Askizsky District	Russian Federation	2,728 BCE	N-BY95327	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Samara Valley 11 I0371	Poltavka	Sok River, Grachevka	Russian Federation	2,728 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Patterson et al. 2022
Krivyansky 8951 I8951	Yamnaya	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast, Oktyabrsky District	Russian Federation	2,726 BCE	I-L704 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Obkhoy 1000 I1000	Glazkovo	Obkhoy, Kachugskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,726 BCE	Q-BZ2197 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Vostochny-Manych 32999 I32999	Yamnaya	Vostochny-Manych, Iki-Burulsky District	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	2,726 BCE	R-FTJ22500	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Remontnoe 29559 I29559	Yamnaya	Remontnoe, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,726 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Shumayevo 11990 I11990	Yamnaya	Shumayevo, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,726 BCE	R-Y87909 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Arapachin 10628 I10628	Yamnaya	Arapachin Kurgan, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,726 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Beliy Ugol 2 BU2001	Yamnaya	Beliy Ugol, Essentuki	Russian Federation	2,725 BCE	R-M12149 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Uvak 10630 I10630	Yamnaya	Uvak Kurgan, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,724 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Amtya Usta 32997 I32997	Yamnaya	Amtya Usta, Priyutnensky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,721 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Lysogorskaya 1 LYG001	Bronze Age Caucasian	Lysogorskaya, Stavropolskiy Krai	Russian Federation	2,720 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Uzunchul 20541 I20541	Afanasievo	Uzunchul, Askizskiy Rayon	Russian Federation	2,719 BCE	Q-FT380500 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Chograi 32875 I32875	Yamnaya	Chograi, Iki-Burulsky District	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,719 BCE	R-FTH67	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Saint Petersburg 51 I3952	Afanasievo	Karasuk tributary, Altai Mountains	Russian Federation	2,717 BCE	R-Z2109	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 42 I0432	Poltavka	Sok River, Samara	Russian Federation	2,708 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Mathieson et al. 2015
Naumovskoye 1 NAU001	Fatyanovo	Naumovskoye, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,705 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Nikultsino 2 NIK002	Fatyanovo	Nikultsino, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,683 BCE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Saint Petersburg 45 I6712	Afanasievo	Gora Afanasieva, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,682 BCE	R-FT406553	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Ulyarba 2135 I2135	Glazkovo	Ulyarba-2, Sarma, Ol’khonskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,680 BCE	C-F16878	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Krasikovo 12243 I12243	Yamnaya	Krasikovo, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,678 BCE	R-KMS67 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khanevo 2 HAN002	Fatyanovo	Khanevo, Moscow	Russian Federation	2,677 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Alitub 6884 I6884	Yamnaya	Alituv, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,676 BCE	R-FTH70	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krasikovo 12242 I12242	Yamnaya	Krasikovo, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,675 BCE	R-Y87909 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krasnosamarskoe 11838 I11838	Yamnaya	Krasnosamarskoe, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	2,674 BCE	R-FTJ45301	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Chograi 6703 I6703	Yamnaya	Chograi, Stavropol Krai, Arzgirsky District	Russian Federation	2,674 BCE	R-Y343303	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Chograi 6705 I6705	Yamnaya	Chograi, Stavropol Krai, Arzgirsky District	Russian Federation	2,674 BCE	R-Y343303	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Krivyansky 26783 I26783	Catacomb	Krivyansky, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,673 BCE	I-L704	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khuzhir 998 I0998	Glazkovo	Khuzhir-2, Ol'khonskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,671 BCE	Q-FT375375 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Tsatsa 6918 I6918	Yamnaya	Tsatsa, Volgograd Oblast, Svetloyarsky District	Russian Federation	2,669 BCE	R-FTH67	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Yenisey 47 I3949	Bronze Age Central Asian	Yenisey River, Altai Mountains	Russian Federation	2,668 BCE	Q-FTA37737	Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019; Wohns et al. 2022
Ust'-Shamanka 2143 I2143	Glazkovo	Ust'-Shamanka-1, Ust'-Ilimskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,667 BCE	Q-FTF174	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Samara Valley 51 I0126	Poltavka	Kutuluk River, Samara	Russian Federation	2,660 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015
Ksizovo 175 NEO175	Yamnaya	Ksizovo 6, Upper Don	Russian Federation	2,657 BCE	I-FTJ77 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
STB 1 STB001	Serovo	Lower Lena river, Zhigalovsky District	Russian Federation	2,654 BCE	Q-BZ2222	He Yu et al. 2020
Kyordyughen 1 N4a1	Neolithic Yakutian	Kyordyughen, Central Yakutia	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	N-CTS9239 ?	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Nikultsino 8 NIK008AB	Fatyanovo	Nikultsino, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Nizhnaya-Orlyanka 6727 I6727	Yamnaya	Nizhnaya-Orlyanka, Samara Oblast, Sergiyevsky District	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	R-Y87909 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Lazaridis et al. 2025
Khaldeevo 1 HAL001	Fatyanovo	Khaldeevo, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Khanevo 4 HAN004	Fatyanovo	Khanevo, Moscow	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Naumovskoye 2 NAU002	Fatyanovo	Naumovskoye, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Goluzinovo 12965 I12965	Corded Ware	Goluzinovo, Yaroslavl Oblast	Russian Federation	2,651 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Remontnoe 29561 I29561	Bronze Age Caucasian	Remontnoe, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	2,650 BCE	R-Y343303	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Volvograd 555 RISE555	Bronze Age Central Asian	Stalingrad Quarry, Volvograd	Russian Federation	2,648 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Bolshnevo 1 BOL001	Fatyanovo	Bolshnevo, Tver	Russian Federation	2,645 BCE	R-CTS7500 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Kurma 354 DA354	Kurma	Kurma, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,641 BCE	Q-BZ2222 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
GLZ 1 GLZ001	Angara	Irkutsk city	Russian Federation	2,606 BCE	C-F16878	He Yu et al. 2020
Nikultsino 1 I7865	Fatyanovo	Nikultsino, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,600 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Saag et al. 2021
Voronkovo 5 VOR005	Fatyanovo	Voronkovo, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,592 BCE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Uybay 675 RISE675	Okunev	Uybat, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,567 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Rasshevatskiy 4002 RK4002	Catacomb	Rasshevatskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,560 BCE	R-FTA3897	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 49 I6714	Afanasievo	Yenisey River bank of Karasuk tributary, Altai Mountains	Russian Federation	2,545 BCE	Q-FTA37737	Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019; Wohns et al. 2022
Ulyarba 2133 I2133	Glazkovo	Ulyarba-2, Sarma, Ol’khonskiy District, Irkutsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,540 BCE	C-F16878	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
GLZ 3 GLZ003	Angara	Irkutsk city	Russian Federation	2,528 BCE	Q-BZ2197 ?	He Yu et al. 2020
Timofeyevka 7359 I7359	Corded Ware	Timofeyevka, Ivanovo Oblast, Ilyinsky District	Russian Federation	2,522 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025; Saag et al. 2021
Shishkino 68 irk068	Bronze Age Cis-Baikal	Shishkino, Lena River	Russian Federation	2,521 BCE	Q-BZ2222	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Voronkovo 3 VOR003	Fatyanovo	Voronkovo, Yaroslavl Oblast	Russian Federation	2,520 BCE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Moscow 110 I7335	Ust'-Belaya	Ust'-Belaya, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,515 BCE	Q-Y11938 ?	Flegontov et al. 2019
Repnaya Balka 46 DS46	Middle Don Catacomb	Repnaya Balka, Voronezh	Russian Federation	2,500 BCE	I-FTJ87	Andreeva et al. 2025
Samara Valley 16 I0374	Poltavka	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	2,500 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015
Syda 718 RISE718	Okunev	Syda, Tumen	Russian Federation	2,484 BCE	Q-BZ433	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
GLZ 2 GLZ002	Angara	Irkutsk city	Russian Federation	2,480 BCE	C-F16878	He Yu et al. 2020
Goluzinovo 1 GOL001	Fatyanovo	Goluzinovo, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,462 BCE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Satyga 32552 I32552	Seima-Turbino	Satyga-16, Yagodny, Kondinskiy District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug	Russian Federation	2,459 BCE	R-Z2122	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Bolshnevo 3 BOL003	Fatyanovo	Bolshnevo, Tver	Russian Federation	2,458 BCE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Yashkul 32850 I32850	Yamnaya	Yashkul, Volga-Chogray	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,455 BCE	R-FTA3897	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Yashkul 33315 I33315	Yamnaya	Yashkul, Volga-Chogray-Channel	Russia (Republic of Kalmykia)	2,450 BCE	R-L23 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Podostrozhnoe 57 irk057	Bronze Age Cis-Baikal	Podostrozhnoe, Angara River	Russian Federation	2,437 BCE	Q-Y11938 ?	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Ulan 552 RISE552	Yamnaya	Kurgan, Ulan	Russian Federation	2,432 BCE	I-S21579 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Nikultsino 3 NIK003	Fatyanovo	Nikultsino, Yaroslavl	Russian Federation	2,410 BCE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2021
Sukhaja 25 irk025	Bronze Age Cis-Baikal	Sukhaja Pad' Buret, Angara River	Russian Federation	2,390 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Zvjozdochka 61 irk061	Bronze Age Cis-Baikal	Zvjozdochka, Lena River	Russian Federation	2,386 BCE	Q-FT375375	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Shamanka 337 DA337	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,378 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Sharakhalsun 6003 SA6003	Catacomb	Sharakhalsun, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,368 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Verkhni Askiz 672 RISE672	Okunev	Verkhni Askiz, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,350 BCE	Q-FT377000	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Verkhni Askiz 673 RISE673	Okunev	Verkhni Askiz, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,350 BCE	Q-FT377000	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Nikolaevka 8745 I8745	Bronze Age Central Asian	Nikolaevka Kurgan, Samara Oblast	Russian Federation	2,350 BCE	R-KMS67 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Ternovoye 39 DS39	Middle Don Catacomb	Ternovoye I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	2,335 BCE	I-FTJ77	Andreeva et al. 2025
Glazkovo 353 DA353	Glazkovo	Ust'-Ida cemetery, Angara River Valley	Russian Federation	2,335 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Fofonovo 8535 I8535	Glazkovo	Fofonovo, Fofonovo, Kabanskiy District, Republic of Buryatia	Russian Federation	2,333 BCE	N-Z35161 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Ginchi 8 GIN008	Ginchi	Ginchi, Rushtukh	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	2,330 BCE	J-Z1828 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Ust'-Dolgoe 22 irk022	Bronze Age Cis-Baikal	Ust'-Dolgoe, Angara River	Russian Federation	2,330 BCE	Q-Y11236	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Glazkovo 356 DA356	Glazkovo	Ust'-Ida cemetery, Angara River Valley	Russian Federation	2,327 BCE	Q-Y11938 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Okunev 664 RISE664	Okunev	Okunev Ulus	Russian Federation	2,320 BCE	Q-BZ433	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Repnaya Balka 74 DS74	Middle Don Catacomb	Repnaya Balka, Voronezh	Russian Federation	2,303 BCE	I-FTJ87	Andreeva et al. 2025
Syda 719 RISE719	Okunev	Syda, Tumen	Russian Federation	2,300 BCE	Q-BZ181 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Gorki 10 DS10	Middle Don Catacomb	Gorki I, Belgorod	Russian Federation	2,299 BCE	I-FTJ77	Andreeva et al. 2025
Rasshevatskiy 4001 RK4001	Catacomb	Rasshevatskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,288 BCE	R-M12149 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Kyordyughen 2 N4b2	Neolithic Yakutian	Kyordyughen, Central Yakutia	Russian Federation	2,270 BCE	N-F4342	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Gorki 45 DS45	Middle Don Catacomb	Gorki I, Belgorod	Russian Federation	2,250 BCE	I-FTJ77	Andreeva et al. 2025
Shamanka 335 DA335	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,250 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Shamanka 336 DA336	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,250 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Shamanka 338 DA338	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,250 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Krasnoyarsk 1 kra001	Bronze Age Siberia	Nefteprovod-2, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	2,236 BCE	N-CTS6967	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
ZPL 2 ZPL002	Glazkovo	Upper Lena river, Zhigalovsky District	Russian Federation	2,218 BCE	Q-YP3966 ?	He Yu et al. 2020
Bulanovo 386 RISE386	Sintashta	Bulanovo, Orenburg Oblast	Russian Federation	2,197 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015; Margaryan et al. 2018
Samara Valley 41 I0246	Bronze Age Central Asian	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	2,188 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Glazkovo 361 DA361	Glazkovo	Ust'-Ida, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,180 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Shamanka 334 DA334	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,179 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Tatarka-Hill 20305 I20305	Seima-Turbino	Tatarka-Hill, Bolshoye Ozero, Sharypovskiy District, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	2,173 BCE	N-CTS6967	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Fofonovo 12488 I12488	Glazkovo	Fofonovo, Fofonovo, Kabanskiy District, Republic of Buryatia	Russian Federation	2,173 BCE	N-Z35161	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Satyga 32551 I32551	Seima-Turbino	Satyga-16, Yagodny, Kondinskiy District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug	Russian Federation	2,173 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Kravchenko 9 KVO009	Kuban Post-Catacomb	Kravchenko, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	2,164 BCE	R-Z2103 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Ginchi 6 GIN006	Ginchi	Ginchi, Rushtukh	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	2,163 BCE	J-Z18426 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Ginchi 3 GIN003	Ginchi	Ginchi, Rushtukh	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	2,162 BCE	J-Z1828 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Shamanka 76 irk076	Bronze Age Cis-Baikal	Shamanka, Lake Baikal	Russian Federation	2,160 BCE	Q-FTA3955	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Zolotarëvka 6 ZO1006	Lola	Zolotarëvka, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,154 BCE	R-FT91192	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Okunev-Ulus 3426 I3426	Okunev	Okunev-Ulus, Ust-Abakansky District	Russian Federation	2,118 BCE	Q-BZ433	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Okunev 662 RISE662	Okunev	Okunev Ulus	Russian Federation	2,117 BCE	Q-BZ433	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Verkhni Askiz 674 RISE674	Okunev	Verkhni Askiz, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,114 BCE	Q-FT377000	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Rostovka 4 ROT004	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,095 BCE	Q-FTK331 ?	Childebayeva et al. 2024
Zimnyaya Stavka 2 ZIM002	Lola	Zimnyaya Stavka, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,091 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Shamanka 339 DA339	Shamanka	Shamanka, Irkutsk	Russian Federation	2,090 BCE	Q-Y11236 ?	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
KPT 5 KPT005	Afanasievo	Upper Lena river, Bayandayevsky District	Russian Federation	2,084 BCE	Q-L53 ?	He Yu et al. 2020
Kabardinka 1 KBD001	Bronze Age Caucasian	Kabardinka, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,080 BCE	R-FTA3897	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Samara Valley 27 I0419	Bronze Age Central Asian	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	2,050 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Tipki 1 TIP001	Lola	Tipki, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	2,040 BCE	N-FGC28421 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Rostovka 16 ROT016	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,028 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Childebayeva et al. 2024
Rostovka 32816 I32816	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk City, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,026 BCE	C-FTG32887	Childebayeva et al. 2024; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Rostovka 11 ROT011	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,025 BCE	C-F3977 ?	Childebayeva et al. 2024
Rostovka 17 ROT017	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,025 BCE	Q-FTF55436	Childebayeva et al. 2024
Rostovka 3 ROT003	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,025 BCE	R-M417 ?	Childebayeva et al. 2024
Uybay 683 RISE683	Okunev	Uybat, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,023 BCE	Q-FT394000	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Ginchi 1 GIN001	Ginchi	Ginchi, Rushtukh	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	2,016 BCE	J-Z1828 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Verkhni Askiz 670 RISE670	Okunev	Verkhni Askiz, Khakassia	Russian Federation	2,009 BCE	Q-FT377000	Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Rostovka 32369 I32369	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk City, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	2,000 BCE	Q-FTK331	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
KPT 3 KPT003	Glazkovo	Upper Lena river, Bayandayevsky District	Russian Federation	1,995 BCE	Q-BZ2222	He Yu et al. 2020
Nevinnomiskiy 3-1 NV3001	Lola	Nevinnomiskiy 3, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	1,995 BCE	Q-YP1661	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019; Ghalichi et al. 2024
Stepnoe 392 RISE392	Sintashta	Stepnoe Cemetery, Chelyabinsk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,993 BCE	R-Y934 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
KPT 2 KPT002	Glazkovo	Upper Lena river, Bayandayevsky District	Russian Federation	1,981 BCE	Q-BZ2222	He Yu et al. 2020
Gatyn-Kale 1 GTK001	Ginchi	Gatyn-Kale, Shatoi	Russia (Republic of Chechnya)	1,975 BCE	J-Z18436 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Rostovka 2 I32545	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk City, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,952 BCE	N-CTS1223 ?	Childebayeva et al. 2024; T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Chelyabinsk 984 I0984	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,920 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Rostovka 25555 I25555	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk City, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,900 BCE	C-F6301 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Chelyabinsk 1020 I1020	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,891 BCE	R-Y20993 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kudachurt 1 KDC001	Bronze Age Caucasian	Kudachurt, Kabardino-Balkarian	Russian Federation	1,888 BCE	J-L283 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1027 I1027	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,883 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1007 I1007	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	Q-M346 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1006 I1006	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-CTS5437 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 942 I0942	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-M198 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 987 I0987	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-M417 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1010 I1010	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-M417 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 986 I0986	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1012 I1012	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1086 I1086	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1008 I1008	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1011 I1011	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1018 I1018	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1019 I1019	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1065 I1065	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1084 I1084	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 989 I0989	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1082 I1082	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1055 I1055	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,875 BCE	R-Z94 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 8 I0360	Bronze Age Central Asian	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	1,850 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1057 I1057	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,844 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Chelyabinsk 1053 I1053	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,842 BCE	R-Y240359	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Rostovka 33398 I33398	Seima-Turbino	Rostovka, Omsk City, Omsk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,840 BCE	R-M417 ?	T. C. Zeng et al. 2025
Chelyabinsk 1017 I1017	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,837 BCE	Q-YP6185 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
KPT 4 KPT004	Glazkovo	Upper Lena river, Bayandayevsky District	Russian Federation	1,823 BCE	Q-FT375375 ?	He Yu et al. 2020
Kamennyi 1058 I1058	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,823 BCE	R-M417 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Ginchi 2 GIN002	Ginchi	Ginchi, Rushtukh	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	1,821 BCE	J-BY100 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Kamennyi 1054 I1054	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,819 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kamennyi 1056 I1056	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,815 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Nepluyevsky 2b b2b-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,801 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Kachugsky 2 KAG002	Glazkovo	Lena river, Kachugsky District	Russian Federation	1,798 BCE	Q-L53 ?	He Yu et al. 2020
Kazburun 8 kzb008	Srubnaya	Kurgan, Kazburun	Russian Federation	1,792 BCE	R-Z283 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Nepluyevsky 1 b1-2	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,790 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Kamennyi 1064 I1064	Bronze Age Steppe	Kamennyi Cemetery, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,789 BCE	R-Y874 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Nepluyevsky 22 b22-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,787 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 31 b31-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,787 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Kazburun 5 kzb005	Srubnaya	Kurgan, Kazburun	Russian Federation	1,787 BCE	R-Z280 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Nepluyevsky 13 b13-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,785 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 2a b2a-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,784 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 30 b30-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,784 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 10 b10-2	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,782 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Bolshoy Oleni 4 BOO004	Ancient Fennoscandian	Bolshoy Oleni, Murmansk	Russian Federation	1,775 BCE	N-CTS3103	Childebayeva et al. 2024; Lamnidis et al. 2018
Bolshoy Oleni 2 BOO002	Ancient Fennoscandian	Bolshoy Oleni, Murmansk	Russian Federation	1,775 BCE	N-CTS6967 ?	Lamnidis et al. 2018
Muradym 3 mur003	Srubnaya	Muradym 8, Republic of Bashkortostan	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,771 BCE	R-FTF19244	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Repnaya Balka 77 DS77	Don Forest-Steppe Srubnaya	Repnaya Balka, Voronezh	Russian Federation	1,762 BCE	R-Y934 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Nepluyevsky 8 b8-2	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,760 BCE	R-F2597 ?	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky Pit 3-1 j3-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,759 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 24 b24-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,757 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 32 b32-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,756 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Chelyabinsk 1028 I1028	Bronze Age Steppe	Cemetery, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,754 BCE	R-L1432	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kazburun 2 kzb002	Srubnaya	Kurgan 4, Kazburun	Russian Federation	1,754 BCE	R-YP5585 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Nepluyevsky 6 b6-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,751 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 4 b4-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,750 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky Pit 6-1 j6-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,750 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 7 b7-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,749 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Nepluyevsky 28 b28-1	Srubnaya	Burial Mound at Nepluyevsky, Southern Ural region	Russian Federation	1,747 BCE	Q-FTF123	Blöcher et al. 2023
Samara Valley 32 I0424	Bronze Age Central Asian	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	1,725 BCE	R-Y210311 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 39 I0430	Bronze Age Central Asian	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	1,725 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kazburun 7 kzb007	Srubnaya	Kurgan, Kazburun	Russian Federation	1,722 BCE	R-BY30768	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Kazburun 1 kzb003	Srubnaya	Kurgan 5, Kazburun	Russian Federation	1,700 BCE	R-M198 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Saint Petersburg 60 I3392	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	R-FGC56408	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 56 I3389	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 61 I3393	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 62 I3394	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 65 I3396	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 59 I3391	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	R-YP1456	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Ginchi 7 GIN007	Ginchi	Ginchi, Rushtukh	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	1,633 BCE	J-CTS12238 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Potroshilovo 1856 I1856	Bronze Age Central Asian	Potroshilovo, Minusinsk Basin	Russian Federation	1,590 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Muradym 2 mur002	Srubnaya	Muradym 8, Republic of Bashkortostan	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,583 BCE	R-CTS7500 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Shushuk 5 SUS005	Bronze Age Caucasian	Shushuk, Pobeda	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	1,571 BCE	G-FT34 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Shushuk 3 SUS003	Bronze Age Caucasian	Shushuk, Pobeda	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	1,571 BCE	J-Z35828 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Kravchenko 13 KVO013	Srubnaya	Kravchenko, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	1,567 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Shushuk 9 SUS009	Bronze Age Caucasian	Shushuk, Pobeda	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	1,556 BCE	J-FT72594 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Shushuk 14 SUS014	Bronze Age Caucasian	Shushuk, Pobeda	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	1,556 BCE	J-SK1317 ?	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Saint Petersburg 64 I6718	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,543 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Potroshilovo 1821 I1821	Bronze Age Central Asian	Potroshilovo, Minusinsk Basin	Russian Federation	1,540 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Potroshilovo 1853 I1853	Bronze Age Central Asian	Potroshilovo, Minusinsk Basin	Russian Federation	1,534 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 9 I0361	Bronze Age Central Asian	Samara River, Samara	Russian Federation	1,525 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 12 I0232	Bronze Age Central Asian	Tatarstan oblast, Novosel'ki	Russian Federation	1,525 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Mathieson et al. 2015; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Samara Valley 31 I0423	Srubnaya	Samara River, Barinovka	Russian Federation	1,525 BCE	R-Z94 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Mathieson et al. 2015
Ust-Bir 1851 I1851	Bronze Age Central Asian	Ust-Bir, Minusinsk Basin	Russian Federation	1,513 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Ternovoye 42 DS42	Don Forest-Steppe Srubnaya	Ternovoye I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	1,500 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Repnaya Balka 75 DS75	Don Forest-Steppe Srubnaya	Repnaya Balka, Voronezh	Russian Federation	1,500 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Repnaya Balka 73 DS73	Don Forest-Steppe Srubnaya	Repnaya Balka, Voronezh	Russian Federation	1,500 BCE	R-Z2125 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Sabinka 493 RISE493	Karasuk	Sabinka, Republic of Khakassia	Russian Federation	1,473 BCE	Q-FT414149	Allentoft et al. 2015
Saint Petersburg 58 I6717	Bronze Age Central Asian	Orak burial place, Krasnoyarsk Krai	Russian Federation	1,451 BCE	Q-Y244218	Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kytmanovo 512 RISE512	Bronze Age Central Asian	Kytmanovo, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	1,378 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Borovjanka 81 NEO81	Bronze Age Central Asian	Borovjanka, SW Siberia	Russian Federation	1,347 BCE	R-YP4141 ?	Allentoft et al. 2024
Sabinka 494 RISE494	Karasuk	Sabinka, Republic of Khakassia	Russian Federation	1,343 BCE	R-M417 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Marchenkova 2051 I2051	Bronze Age Caucasian	Marchenkova Gora, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	1,325 BCE	J-Z8072 ?	C.-C. Wang et al. 2019
Priobrazhenka 6047 I6047	Seima-Turbino	Priobrazhenka, Novosibirsk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,284 BCE	R-Z93 ?	Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kolbino 16 DS16	Don Forest-Steppe Srubnaya	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	1,250 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Arban 495 RISE495	Karasuk	Arban, Republic of Khakassia	Russian Federation	1,150 BCE	R-Y73758	Allentoft et al. 2015
Essentukskiy 6 ESY006	Koban	Essentukskiy, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	1,116 BCE	R-FTJ41153	Ghalichi et al. 2024
Devichiy 32628 I32628	Maklasheevka	Devichiy-Gorodok-4, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	1,050 BCE	N-CTS9925	Gyuris et al. 2025
Moscow 143 I20762	Fatyanovo–Balanovo	Danilovo, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Harney et al. 2021
Kapova 525 RISE525	Bronze Age Central Asian	Kapova cave, Republic of Bashkortostan	Russian Federation	1,050 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Afontova 554 RISE554	Bronze Age Siberia	Afontova Gora, Afontova Gora	Russian Federation	928 BCE	N-MF47236	Allentoft et al. 2015
Pospelovo 1202 I1202	Iron Age Siberian	Pospelovo, Primorsky Krai	Russian Federation	900 BCE	N-Y177776	C.-C. Wang et al. 2021 (Nature)
Tagar 4 DA4	Tagar	Grishkin Log 1, Tungus & Eastern Steppe	Russian Federation	900 BCE	Q-FTK333	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Tagar 7 DA7	Tagar	Grishkin Log 1, Tungus & Eastern Steppe	Russian Federation	900 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Tagar 5 DA5	Tagar	Grishkin Log 1, Tungus & Eastern Steppe	Russian Federation	900 BCE	R-Z94 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Afontova 553 RISE553	Bronze Age Siberia	Afontova Gora, Afontova Gora	Russian Federation	869 BCE	R-M198 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Grishkin 2 DA2	Tagar	Minusinsk basin, Khakassia	Russian Federation	867 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Bazaiha 70 NEO70	Bronze Age Central Asian	Bazaiha, Krasnoyarsk	Russian Federation	802 BCE	N-MF47236	Allentoft et al. 2024
Arzhan 10 I0577	Aldy-Bel	Arzhan, Tuva	Russian Federation	800 BCE	R-S23592 ?	Unterländer et al. 2017
Izmeri 32632 I32632	Ananyino	Izmeri-7, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	725 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Zayukovo 3-80 Zayukovo-3_80	Koban	Zayukovo-3, Baksansky district	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	700 BCE	G-FGC693	Sharko et al. 2024
Dyupsya 30 yak030	Iron Age Yakutian	Dyupsya burial, Central Yakutia	Russian Federation	669 BCE	N-B523 ?	Kılınç et al. 2021
Nikolaevka 42 MJ-42	Scythian	Nikolaevka village, Varnensky District, Chelyabinsk Region	Russian Federation	654 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Järve et al. 2019
Zayukovo 3-72 Zayukovo-3_72	Koban	Zayukovo-3, Baksansky district	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	500 BCE	G-Z6673 ?	Sharko et al. 2024
Sary-Bel 602 RISE602	Iron Age Central Asian	Sary-Bel, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	500 BCE	J-BY114993 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Verh-Uimon 600 RISE600	Iron Age Central Asian	Verh-Uimon, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	500 BCE	Q-YP844 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Verh-Uimon 601 RISE601	Iron Age Central Asian	Verh-Uimon, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	500 BCE	Q-YP844	Allentoft et al. 2015
Zuyokovo 3-82 Zayukovo-3_82	Koban	Zayukovo-3, Baksansky district	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	500 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Sharko et al. 2024
Taldura 78 ALTS78W	Pazyryk	Taldura-I, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	450 BCE	Q-BZ181	PRJEB98509
Novozavedennoye 23 AS23	Scythian	Novozavedennoye-III, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	375 BCE	Q-L937	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kolbino 21 DS21	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	375 BCE	R-FTJ65	Andreeva et al. 2025
Novo Muraptalovo 7 LS-13	Scythian	Novomuraptalovo, Kuyurgazinsky District	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	374 BCE	R-FT129490 ?	Järve et al. 2019
Kolbino 36 DS36	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	362 BCE	G-S9409	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kolbino 67 DS67	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	362 BCE	R-BY87922	Andreeva et al. 2025
Novozavedennoye 24 AS24	Scythian	Novozavedennoye-III, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	350 BCE	N-Y139393	Andreeva et al. 2025
Sarmatian 3 DA141	Sarmatian	Nesvetay, Caspian steppe	Russian Federation	350 BCE	Q-BZ181 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Shadrinsk 1 SHD001	Shadrinsk	Shadrinsk, Southern Siberia	Russian Federation	350 BCE	Q-YP3953 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Sarmatian 6 DA144	Sarmatian	Chebotarev, Caspian steppe	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-FGC48762 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Sarmatian 4 DA145	Sarmatian	Kamyshevahsky, Caspian steppe	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-M198 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kolbino 35 DS35	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-M417 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kolbino 27 DS27	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-M459 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Sarmatian 9 DA136	Sarmatian	Nesvetay, Caspian steppe	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-M634 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Sarmatian 1 DA134	Sarmatian	Chebotarev, Caspian steppe	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-Y2631 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kolbino 11 DS11	Don Forest-Steppe Srubnaya	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-Y52 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kolbino 3 DS3	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-Y52 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kolbino 52 DS52	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-Y52 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kolbino 70 DS70	Scythian	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	350 BCE	R-Y52 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Devitsa 93 DS93	Scythian Elite	Devitsa V, Voronezh	Russian Federation	337 BCE	R-BY87922	Andreeva et al. 2025
Devitsa 59 DS59	Scythian	Devitsa V, Voronezh	Russian Federation	325 BCE	E-L618 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Altai 122 ALTS122W	Iron Age Central Asian	Altai	Russian Federation	320 BCE	R-YP1548	PRJEB98509
Shmakovo 1 SMV001	Shmakovo	Shmakovo	Russian Federation	319 BCE	N-CTS3103 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Durovka 55 DS55	Scythian	Durovka, Belgorod	Russian Federation	312 BCE	R-M198 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Solnechnodolsk 109 AB109	Sarmatian	Solnechnodolsk-4, Stavropol Krai	Russian Federation	307 BCE	R-M417 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Gorki 9 DS9	Scythian	Gorki I, Belgorod	Russian Federation	306 BCE	J-FT193691	Andreeva et al. 2025
Manhar 2 MJ-40	Scythian	Mansurovo village, Baimaksky District	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	304 BCE	E-L795 ?	Järve et al. 2019
Phanagoria 52 Fan52	Phanagorian	Phanagoria - Eastern Necropolis, Sennoy, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	304 BCE	G-BY109806	Manakhov et al. 2026
Devitsa 57 DS57	Scythian	Devitsa V, Voronezh	Russian Federation	304 BCE	N-Y148786 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Devitsa 58 DS58	Scythian	Devitsa V, Voronezh	Russian Federation	304 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Semiluk 28 DS28	Non-Scythian Middle Don	Semiluk, Voronezh	Russian Federation	300 BCE	I-P78 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Semiluk 92 DS92	Non-Scythian Middle Don	Semiluk, Voronezh	Russian Federation	300 BCE	J-FT71859 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kokonovka 1 KOK001	Kokonovka	Kokonovka, Southern Siberia	Russian Federation	300 BCE	N-L1026 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Minino 538 NEO538	Iron Age Eastern European	Minino, Vologda	Russian Federation	300 BCE	N-SK1485	Allentoft et al. 2024
Pokrovka 3 I0575	Early Sarmatian	Pokrovka, Southern Ural	Russian Federation	300 BCE	R-A12364 ?	Unterländer et al. 2017
Semiluk 30 DS30	Non-Scythian Middle Don	Semiluk, Voronezh	Russian Federation	300 BCE	R-F2597 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Semiluk 90 DS90	Non-Scythian Middle Don	Semiluk, Voronezh	Russian Federation	300 BCE	R-FTJ65	Andreeva et al. 2025
Shmakovo 2 SMV002	Shmakovo	Shmakovo	Russian Federation	300 BCE	R-Y56 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Semiluk 29 DS29	Non-Scythian Middle Don	Semiluk, Voronezh	Russian Federation	300 BCE	R-Z92 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Sabinka 492 I3423	Iron Age Central Asian	Sabinka, Republic of Khakassia	Russian Federation	298 BCE	R-FTG53696	Akbari et al. 2026; Allentoft et al. 2015
Ternovoye 4 DS4	Scythian	Ternovoye I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	297 BCE	R-Y56 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Bitiya 3 BIY003	Sargat	Mountain Bitiya	Russian Federation	292 BCE	N-CTS3103 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Aymyrlyg 21495 CGG021495	Saka	Aymyrlyg, Kyzyl	Russian Federation	284 BCE	R-FTA3897	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Aymyrlyg 21492 CGG021492	Saka	Aymyrlyg, Kyzyl	Russian Federation	284 BCE	R-Y934 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Aymyrlyg 21496 CGG021496	Saka	Aymyrlyg, Kyzyl	Russian Federation	284 BCE	R-Z2124 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Ivanovka 1 MJ-39	Scythian	Ivanovka village, Khaibullinsky District	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	283 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Järve et al. 2019
Aymyrlyg 21500 CGG021500	Hun	Aymyrlyg, Kyzyl	Russian Federation	280 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Samara Valley 56 I0247	Scythian	Nadezhdinka, Volga Steppes	Russian Federation	279 BCE	R-FT354362 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Mathieson et al. 2015
Kolbino 7 DS7	Scythian Elite	Kolbino I, Voronezh	Russian Federation	271 BCE	R-BY87922	Andreeva et al. 2025
Devitsa 4 Dev4	Scythian	Devitsa V, Voronezh	Russian Federation	267 BCE	R-FTC46227	Andreeva et al. 2025
Ekven 243 NEO243	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	259 BCE	Q-NGQ11 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Bitiya 2 BIY002	Sargat	Mountain Bitiya	Russian Federation	250 BCE	Q-YP3953 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Pokrovka 10 PR_10	Early Sarmatian	Pokrovka cemetery, Southern Ural	Russian Federation	250 BCE	R-BY40337	Veeramah et al. 2018
Pokrovka 4 PR_4	Early Sarmatian	Pokrovka cemetery, Southern Ural	Russian Federation	250 BCE	R-M198 ?	Veeramah et al. 2018
Ivanov Mys 19089 I19089	Ust-Ishim	Ivanov Mys-1, Tevrizsky, Omsk	Russian Federation	206 BCE	N-FTH11182	Gyuris et al. 2025
Bitiya 5 BIY005	Sargat	Mountain Bitiya	Russian Federation	200 BCE	N-CTS9239 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Bitiya 7 BIY007	Sargat	Mountain Bitiya	Russian Federation	200 BCE	N-FTJ44222	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Bitiya 8 BIY008	Sargat	Mountain Bitiya	Russian Federation	200 BCE	N-FTJ44222	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Bitiya 9 BIY009	Sargat	Mountain Bitiya	Russian Federation	200 BCE	N-FTJ44222	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Kokonovka 2 KOK002	Kokonovka	Kokonovka, Southern Siberia	Russian Federation	199 BCE	N-Tat ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Ekven 250 NEO250	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	192 BCE	Q-Z36017 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Tanais 26461 I26461	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	150 BCE	R-Z92 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Ekven 7342 I7342	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	112 BCE	Q-FTA51545	Flegontov et al. 2019; Sikora et al. 2019
Phanagoria 25 Fan25	Bosporan	Phanagoria - Eastern Necropolis, Sennoy, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	108 BCE	G-FT9681	Manakhov et al. 2026
Bogdanovka 2 BGD002	Sargat	Bogdanovka	Russian Federation	101 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Starokirgizovo 16641 I16641	Pyany Bor	Starokirgizovo, Ilishovsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	100 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Starokirgizovo 16643 I16643	Pyany Bor	Starokirgizovo, Ilishovsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	100 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Starokirgizovo 16645 I16645	Pyany Bor	Starokirgizovo, Ilishovsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	100 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Starokirgizovo 16642 I16642	Pyany Bor	Starokirgizovo, Ilishovsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	100 BCE	N-Z1936 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kamyshly-Tamak 126 AB126	Pyanoborskaya	Kamyshly-Tamak, Bashkortostan	Russian Federation	70 BCE	N-CTS6967 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Zolka 38 MJ-38	Sarmatian	Zolka, Kabardino-Balkar Republic	Russian Federation	66 BCE	Q-BZ433 ?	Järve et al. 2019
Kipchakovo 27017 I27017	Pyany Bor	Kipchakovo, Ilishevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	50 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kipchakovo 27018 I27018	Pyany Bor	Kipchakovo, Ilishevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	50 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kipchakovo 27019 I27019	Pyany Bor	Kipchakovo, Ilishevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	50 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kipchakovo 27020 I27020	Pyany Bor	Kipchakovo, Ilishevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	50 BCE	N-FTJ197	Gyuris et al. 2025
Cheganda 132 AB132	Pyanoborskaya	Cheganda II, Udmurt	Russian Federation	50 BCE	N-L839 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Kipchakovo 27117 I27117	Pyany Bor	Kipchakovo, Ilishevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	50 BCE	N-VL92 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Phanagoria 1 FanKht01	Bosporan	Phanagoria - Upper Town, Sennoy, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	44 BCE	J-FGC74583	Manakhov et al. 2026
Il'movaya 5 IMA005	Late Xiongnu	Il'movaya Pad, Buryatia	Russian Federation	15 BCE	N-F3271	Jeong et al. 2020
Il'movaya 6 IMA006	Late Xiongnu	Il'movaya Pad, Buryatia	Russian Federation	15 BCE	Q-FT9308	Jeong et al. 2020
Il'movaya 4 IMA004	Late Xiongnu	Il'movaya Pad, Buryatia	Russian Federation	15 BCE	Q-L330 ?	Jeong et al. 2020
Il'movaya 3 IMA003	Late Xiongnu	Il'movaya Pad, Buryatia	Russian Federation	15 BCE	R-M417 ?	Jeong et al. 2020
Kamyshly-Tamak 127 AB127	Pyanoborskaya	Kamyshly-Tamak, Bashkortostan	Russian Federation	1 CE	N-CTS6967 ?	Andreeva et al. 2025
Ekven 241 NEO241	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	1 CE	Q-Z36017 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Kerstovo 15 VII15	Iron Age Eastern European	Kerstovo, Leningrad	Russian Federation	39 CE	R-CTS3402 ?	Saag et al. 2019
Temernik 28161 I28161	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	80 CE	R-Y40719 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26456 I26456	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	100 CE	G-Z31419 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 20240 I20240	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	100 CE	J-PF7413 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26455 I26455	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	100 CE	R-BY67329 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26477 I26477	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	100 CE	R-Y2631 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 20238 I20238	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	100 CE	T-CTS6507 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27114 I27114	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	108 CE	R-PH4192 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Vikulovo 19094 I19094	Potschevash	Vikulovo, Tyumen	Russian Federation	120 CE	N-Y296163	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kerstovo 8 VIII8	Iron Age Baltic	Kerstovo, Ingria	Russian Federation	137 CE	R-M417 ?	Saag et al. 2019
Ezhol 8 EZH008	Ancient Permian	Exhol, Kortkerossky District	Russia (Republic of Komi)	146 CE	N-L1419 ?	Guellil et al. 2026
Starolybaevo 32779 I32779	Sargat	Starolybaevo-4, Tyumen	Russian Federation	150 CE	N-Y80290	Gyuris et al. 2025
Tanais 26816 I26816	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	150 CE	R-Y305123	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26813 I26813	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	150 CE	R-Z2123 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 21225 I21225	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	160 CE	R-BY190002	Akbari et al. 2026
Temyaysovo 2 tem002	Late Sarmatian	Kurgan 9, Temyasovo	Russian Federation	164 CE	R-FGC48758 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Cherniy Yar 2 chy002	Late Sarmatian	Kurgan, Cherniy Yar	Russian Federation	164 CE	R-Y52 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Ekven 242 NEO242	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	193 CE	Q-A15256	Sikora et al. 2019
Temernik 21224 I21224	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	G-L1264 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27042 I27042	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	G-L1264 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27030 I27030	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	G-Y142023 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27032 I27032	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	I-FT394473	Akbari et al. 2026
Lipetsk 27014 I27014	Late Sarmatian	Petrovskiy Proezd, Lipetsk, Lipetsk Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	N-S23232 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27890 I27890	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	Q-BZ641	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27036 I27036	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	Q-FT414149	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27031 I27031	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	Q-FT421589	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27033 I27033	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	Q-FTA68100	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27035 I27035	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	Q-L937	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27822 I27822	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	Q-YP4024 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 21234 I21234	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-BY30764 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27823 I27823	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-BY61693 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27825 I27825	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-FT158478	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27041 I27041	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-FTK200	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27820 I27820	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-M4367 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 21216 I21216	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-PH1397 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27896 I27896	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-PH1397 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27892 I27892	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-Y20746 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26810 I26810	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-Z2123 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 26925 I26925	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-Z2123 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 27112 I27112	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-Z2123 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Temernik 27024 I27024	Maeotian	Temernik hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	R-Z2124 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 21056 I21056	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	T-FTC71595 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Rostov 26928 I26928	Maeotian	Rostov hillfort, necropolis, Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	200 CE	T-Y324283	Akbari et al. 2026
Temyaysovo 3 tem003	Late Sarmatian	Kurgan 9, Temyasovo	Russian Federation	208 CE	R-FGCLR2106	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Ekven 253 NEO253	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	229 CE	C-F3918 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Barsov 19095 I19095	Nizhneobskaya	Barsov-Gorodok, Khanty-Mansia	Russian Federation	233 CE	N-L1034 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Birsk 19264 I19264	Mazunino	Birsk-2, Birsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	250 CE	N-L735 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Birsk 19265 I19265	Mazunino	Birsk-2, Birsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	250 CE	N-Z1936 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Birsk 19266 I19266	Mazunino	Birsk-2, Birsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	250 CE	N-Z1936 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Oglakhty Mummy 9609 KE9609	Tashtyk	Oglakhty cemetery, South Siberia	Russian Federation	250 CE	R-Y39884 ?	Nedoluzhko et al. 2022
Turaevo 32621 I32621	Mazunino	Turaevo-1, Mendeleyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	275 CE	N-L1034 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Dubrovsky 32627 I32627	Mazunino	Dubrovsky	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	275 CE	R-Z2124 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Ipkul 33844 I33844	Sargat	Ipkul', Tyumen	Russian Federation	285 CE	N-BY199053 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Ekazhevo 21451 CGG021451	Iron Age North Caucasian	Ekazhevo, Ingushetia	Russian Federation	285 CE	R-FTD15747	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Boyarsky 21461 CGG021461	Mazunino	Boyarsky, Udmurt	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	288 CE	N-CTS3103 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Boyarsky 21459 CGG021459	Mazunino	Boyarsky, Udmurt	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	290 CE	N-CTS6967 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Boyarsky 21460 CGG021460	Mazunino	Boyarsky, Udmurt	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	295 CE	N-CTS6967 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Dubrovsky 21464 CGG021464	Mazunino	Dubrovsky, Bryansk Oblast	Russian Federation	298 CE	R-Y31442 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Boyarka 32631 I32631	Mazunino	Boyarka, Karakulinsky	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	330 CE	N-CTS6967 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Ivanov Mys 19088 I19088	Ust-Ishim	Ivanov Mys-1, Tevrizsky, Omsk	Russian Federation	330 CE	Q-L330 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Gorodische 32900 I32900	Ryazan-Oka	Gorodische-2, Shilovo, Ryazan Oblast	Russian Federation	340 CE	N-Y304672	Akbari et al. 2026
Choburak 62 ALTGC062W	Bulan-Koby	Choburak-1, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	340 CE	R-YP1547	PRJEB98509
Borovyanka 6826 I6826	Sargat	Borovyanka-17, Bolsherechensky, Omsk	Russian Federation	341 CE	Q-Y11938 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Dubrovsky 21462 CGG021462	Mazunino	Dubrovsky, Bryansk Oblast	Russian Federation	349 CE	N-Z1936	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Zaragizh 22002 CGG022002	Alan	Zaragizh, Kabardino-Balkarian	Russian Federation	350 CE	G-FT105284	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Zaragizh 21996 CGG021996	Alan	Zaragizh, Kabardino-Balkarian	Russian Federation	350 CE	G-FT23146 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Zaragizh 22004 CGG022004	Alan	Zaragizh, Kabardino-Balkarian	Russian Federation	350 CE	J-Y147305	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Zaragizh 22005 CGG022005	Alan	Zaragizh, Kabardino-Balkarian	Russian Federation	350 CE	R-FTA69394	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Zaragizh 22003 CGG022003	Alan	Zaragizh, Kabardino-Balkarian	Russian Federation	350 CE	R-Y128770 ?	McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Novoslavka 32662 I32662	Imenkovo	Novoslavka-2, Bolgar	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	365 CE	J-FT363508	Akbari et al. 2026
Choburak 61 ALTGC061W	Bulan-Koby	Choburak-1, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	375 CE	R-YP1547 ?	PRJEB98509
Choburak 66 ALTGC066W	Bulan-Koby	Choburak-1, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	375 CE	R-YP1547	PRJEB98509
Choburak 56 ALTS056W	Bulan-Koby	Choburak-1, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	375 CE	R-YP1547	PRJEB98509
Choburak 60 ALTS060W	Bulan-Koby	Choburak-1, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	375 CE	R-YP1547	PRJEB98509
Tanais 26814 I26814	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	400 CE	I-S9302 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Yaloman 71 ALT2S071W	Bulan-Koby	Yaloman-II, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	400 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Kam-Tyttugem 603 RISE603	Bulan-Koby	Kam-Tyttugem, Kokorya	Russia (Republic of Altai)	400 CE	N-FTJ60854	Sikora et al. 2025
Ust’-Biyke 73 ALTS073W	Bulan-Koby	Ust’-Biyke-III, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	400 CE	Q-BZ93	PRJEB98509
Novoslavka 37050 I37050	Imenkovo	Novoslavka-2, Bolgar	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	425 CE	R-BY112301	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26811 I26811	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	425 CE	R-CTS1211 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Novoslavka 37040 I37040	Imenkovo	Novoslavka-2, Bolgar	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	425 CE	R-FTJ33611	Akbari et al. 2026
Novoslavka 37041 I37041	Imenkovo	Novoslavka-2, Bolgar	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	425 CE	R-FTJ33611	Akbari et al. 2026
Bustanaevo 25531 I25531	Kushnarenkovo	Bustanaevo, Burayevskiy	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	440 CE	G-FTA57555	Gyuris et al. 2025
Tanais 26471 I26471	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	450 CE	G-Z44145 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26478 I26478	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	450 CE	J-FT365455	Akbari et al. 2026
Chekanovsky Log 49 ALTS049W	Odintsovo	Chekanovsky Log-IX, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	450 CE	Q-YP789 ?	PRJEB98509
Gorodische 32901 I32901	Ryazan-Oka	Gorodische-2, Shilovo, Ryazan Oblast	Russian Federation	450 CE	R-BY117235	Akbari et al. 2026
Tanais 26483 I26483	Tanaits	Tanais, Nedvigovka, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	450 CE	R-Y80083	Akbari et al. 2026
Komintern 32378 I32378	Imenkovo	Komintern-2, Komintern	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	475 CE	J-Z35788	Akbari et al. 2026
Ivanov Mys 19091 I19091	Ust-Ishim	Ivanov Mys-1, Tevrizsky, Omsk	Russian Federation	480 CE	Q-B30 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Komintern 32653 I32653	Imenkovo	Komintern-2, Komintern	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	499 CE	R-YP372 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Gorodische 40290 I40290	Ryazan-Oka	Gorodische-2, Shilovo, Ryazan Oblast	Russian Federation	500 CE	N-BY208979 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Gorodische 40289 I40289	Ryazan-Oka	Gorodische-2, Shilovo, Ryazan Oblast	Russian Federation	500 CE	N-Y19110 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Yurt-Akbalyk 54 ALTGC054W	Upper Ob	Yurt-Akbalyk-8, Novosibirsk	Russian Federation	500 CE	Q-YP3955 ?	PRJEB98509
Yurt-Akbalyk 55 ALTGC055W	Upper Ob	Yurt-Akbalyk-8, Novosibirsk	Russian Federation	500 CE	R-BY13053 ?	PRJEB98509
Gorodische 40287 I40287	Ryazan-Oka	Gorodische-2, Shilovo, Ryazan Oblast	Russian Federation	500 CE	R-M458 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Ust’-Biyke 80 ALTGC080W	Turkic	Ust’-Biyke-III, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	505 CE	R-YP1547	PRJEB98509
Bartym 19110 I19110	Nevolino	Bartym, Perm	Russian Federation	509 CE	R-BY198361	Gyuris et al. 2025
Tozhon 98 ALTGC098W	Turkic	Tozhon, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	600 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Strashnyi Yar 48 ALTS048W	Odintsovo	Strashnyi Yar-1, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	600 CE	R-Y20755	PRJEB98509
Novinki 19102 I19102	Novinki	Novinki-1, Volzhsky, Samara	Russian Federation	615 CE	J-FTF41844	Gyuris et al. 2025
Chumysh-Perekat 45 ALTGC045W	Odintsovo	Chumysh-Perekat, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	625 CE	R-L1433 ?	PRJEB98509
Chumysh-Perekat 36 ALTS036W	Odintsovo	Chumysh-Perekat, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	625 CE	R-L1433 ?	PRJEB98509
Chumysh-Perekat 43 ALTS043W	Odintsovo	Chumysh-Perekat, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	625 CE	R-L1433 ?	PRJEB98509
Brusyany 19086 I19086	Novinki	Brusyany-2, Samara	Russian Federation	633 CE	G-FGC79808 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Blagovechensk 1 bla001	Amur	Blagovechensk, Amur Oblast	Russian Federation	643 CE	C-F9721 ?	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Novinki 19104 I19104	Novinki	Novinki-1, Volzhsky, Samara	Russian Federation	645 CE	J-PH358 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Gorny 7 ALT2S007W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	N-Y148364	PRJEB98509
Alania 161 DA161	Alan	North Ossetia	Russian Federation	650 CE	Q-BZ433 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Alania 162 DA162	Alan	North Ossetia	Russian Federation	650 CE	Q-YP4024 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Gorny 31 ALTS031W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-BY40170	PRJEB98509
Gorny 1 ALTS001W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-S23592 ?	PRJEB98509
Gorny 9 ALTS009W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-S23592 ?	PRJEB98509
Gorny 11 ALTS011W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-S23592 ?	PRJEB98509
Gorny 2 ALTGC002W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-Y39740	PRJEB98509
Gorny 14 ALTGC014W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-Y39740	PRJEB98509
Gorny 18 ALTS018W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-Y39740	PRJEB98509
Gorny 3 ALTS003W	Odintsovo	Gorny-10, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	650 CE	R-Z2124 ?	PRJEB98509
Biryuzovaya Katun 83 ALTS083W	Turkic	Biryuzovaya Katun'-9, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	675 CE	J-Y164818 ?	PRJEB98509
Alan 243 DA243	Alan	Caucasus	Russian Federation	675 CE	R-FTC45317	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Belgorod 190 DA190	Saltovo-Mayaki	Salovka, Belgorod region	Russian Federation	687 CE	G-Z7941 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Biryuzovaya Katun 82 ALTGC082W	Turkic	Biryuzovaya Katun’-3, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	700 CE	J-FTE91738 ?	PRJEB98509
Biryuzovaya Katun 81 ALTGC081W	Turkic	Biryuzovaya Katun’-1, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	700 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Shibe 87 ALTGC087W	Turkic	Shibe-II, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	700 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Katanda 91 ALTS091W	Turkic	Katanda, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	700 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Taldura 76 ALTS76W	Turkic	Taldura-I, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	700 CE	Q-BZ427	PRJEB98509
Panovo 19093 I19093	Ust-Ishim	Panovo, Omsk	Russian Federation	711 CE	Q-BZ868	Gyuris et al. 2025
Novinki 16639 I16639	Novinki	Novinki-1, Volzhsky, Samara	Russian Federation	712 CE	C-Y11606 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Brusyany 25530 I25530	Novinki	Brusyany, Samara	Russian Federation	712 CE	J-PH358 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Brusyany 19084 I19084	Novinki	Brusyany-2, Samara	Russian Federation	712 CE	R-FTJ191	Gyuris et al. 2025
Brusyany 32663 I32663	Novinki	Brusyany-2, Samara	Russian Federation	712 CE	R-YP1447	Gyuris et al. 2025
Sukhoy Log 19112 I19112	Nevolino	Sukhoy Log, Perm	Russian Federation	713 CE	N-CTS3103 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Novinki 16640 I16640	Novinki	Novinki-1, Volzhsky, Samara	Russian Federation	715 CE	J-FTF41844	Gyuris et al. 2025
Phanagoria 3 FanKht03	Khazar	Phanagoria - Lower Town, Sennoy, Krasnodar Krai	Russian Federation	739 CE	C-FT157009	Manakhov et al. 2026
Karanayevo 25536 I25536	Karayakupovo horizon	Karanayevo, Sterlibashevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	745 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Moscow 96 I7348	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	745 CE	Q-Z36017 ?	Flegontov et al. 2019
Kurota 75 ALTGC075W	Turkic	Kurota-1, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	750 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Krasnaya Gorka 134 ALT3S134W	Srostki	Krasnaya Gorka-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	780 CE	N-L1032	PRJEB98509
Moscow 91 I20755	Bering Sea Mariners	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	800 CE	C-F17243	Harney et al. 2021
Inya 114 ALTS114W	Srostki	Inya-1, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	800 CE	Q-Y94294	PRJEB98509
Moscow 112 I7337	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	800 CE	Q-Z36017 ?	Flegontov et al. 2019
Moscow 94 I7346	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	805 CE	Q-FTA51546	Flegontov et al. 2019
Bayanovo 19113 I19113	Lomovatovo	Bayanovo, Perm	Russian Federation	822 CE	N-FTJ86008	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kytmanovo 504 RISE504	Iron Age Central Asian	Kytmanovo, Altai Republic	Russian Federation	824 CE	J-Y164818 ?	Allentoft et al. 2015
Uyelgi 21 MS20	Late Kushnarenkovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	830 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gerber et al. 2024
Karanayevo 25535 I25535	Karayakupovo horizon	Karanayevo, Sterlibashevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	840 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Karanayevo 25537 I25537	Karayakupovo horizon	Karanayevo, Sterlibashevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	840 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Karanayevo 25538 I25538	Karayakupovo horizon	Karanayevo, Sterlibashevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	840 CE	N-FTJ196	Gyuris et al. 2025
Shekshovo 9-3 SHE003	Volga Finnic	Shekshovo 9, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	841 CE	G-FT40739	Peltola et al. 2022
Ekven 90 I7341	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	850 CE	C-F17243	Flegontov et al. 2019; Sikora et al. 2019
Uyelgi 19 Uyelgi19	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	850 CE	N-CTS9239 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Uyelgi 18 Uyelgi18	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	850 CE	N-L708 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Uyelgi 20 Uyelgi20	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	850 CE	N-Tat ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Uyelgi 19117 I19117	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	854 CE	N-Y24378 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Gorokhovets 1 GOR001.2	Rus’	Gorokhovets, Puzhalova gora, Vladimir	Russian Federation	859 CE	R-L1029 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Mellya-Tamak 6306 I6306	Karayakupovo horizon	Mellya-Tamak, Muslyumovsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	864 CE	R-L1029 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Ekven 247 I7339	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	865 CE	Q-FT370126	Flegontov et al. 2019; Sikora et al. 2019
Popovskaya Dacha 168 ALTS168W	Srostki	Popovskaya Dacha, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	865 CE	R-Y20755 ?	PRJEB98509
Moscow 102 I7332	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	880 CE	Q-A15256	Flegontov et al. 2019
Ladoga 221 VK221	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	900 CE	I-Y5473 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Bolshie Tigany 19108 I19108	Karayakupovo horizon	Bolshie Tigany, Alexeyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	900 CE	I-Y79293	Gyuris et al. 2025
Belyi Kamen 137 ALTS137W	Srostki	Belyi Kamen, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	J-BY116167 ?	PRJEB98509
Belyi Kamen 136 ALTS136W	Srostki	Belyi Kamen, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	J-FGC35354	PRJEB98509
Bolshie Tigany 25490 I25490	Karayakupovo horizon	Bolshie Tigany, Alexeyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	900 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 16 Uyelgi16	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	900 CE	N-L729 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Srostki 147 ALTS147W	Srostki	Srostki-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-BY40170 ?	PRJEB98509
Srostki 151 ALTS151W	Srostki	Srostki-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-BY40170 ?	PRJEB98509
Bolshie Tigany 25489 I25489	Karayakupovo horizon	Bolshie Tigany, Alexeyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	900 CE	R-FT12765	Gyuris et al. 2025
Srostki 150 ALTS150W	Srostki	Srostki-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-FT217231	PRJEB98509
Anapa 10 Anapa-10	Medieval Hungarian	Andreyevskaya Shhel, Anapa	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-FTD11139	Maróti et al. 2022
Srostki 146 ALTS146W	Srostki	Srostki-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-L1433 ?	PRJEB98509
Chernyi Kamen 132 ALT3S132W	Srostki	Chernyi Kamen’-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-PF6162 ?	PRJEB98509
Bolshie Tigany 19106 I19106	Karayakupovo horizon	Bolshie Tigany, Alexeyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	900 CE	R-SK2040 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Bolshie Tigany 19107 I19107	Karayakupovo horizon	Bolshie Tigany, Alexeyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	900 CE	R-SK2040 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Bolshie Tigany 19109 I19109	Karayakupovo horizon	Bolshie Tigany, Alexeyevsky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	900 CE	R-SK2040 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Anapa 11 Anapa-11	Medieval Hungarian	Andreyevskaya Shhel, Anapa	Russian Federation	900 CE	R-YP5200	Maróti et al. 2022
Varni 33979 I33979	Polom	Varni, Debyossky	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	925 CE	N-BY10354 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Moscow 89 I7340	Bering Sea Mariners	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	930 CE	C-F17243	Flegontov et al. 2019
Shekshovo 9-1 SHE001	Volga Finnic	Shekshovo 9, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	930 CE	E-L618 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Moscow 101 I7331	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	930 CE	Q-FT370126	Flegontov et al. 2019
Karanayevo 25539 I25539	Karayakupovo horizon	Karanayevo, Sterlibashevsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	950 CE	N-VL92 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Tankeyevka 25526 I25526	Volga Bulgar	Tankeyevka, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	950 CE	Q-Z19128 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Tankeyevka 25528 I25528	Volga Bulgar	Tankeyevka, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	950 CE	R-BY198361	Gyuris et al. 2025
Tankeyevka 25534 I25534	Volga Bulgar	Tankeyevka, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	950 CE	R-BY198361	Gyuris et al. 2025
Kamyshevahsky 142 DA142	Central Asian Nomad	Kamyshevahsky, Caspian steppe	Russian Federation	950 CE	R-Y52 ?	Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Tankeyevka 25529 I25529	Volga Bulgar	Tankeyevka, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	950 CE	R-ZS1769	Gyuris et al. 2025
Ekaterinovka 119 ALTS119W	Srostki	Ekaterinovka-3, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	955 CE	Q-FT131545 ?	PRJEB98509
Tankeyevka 25527 I25527	Volga Bulgar	Tankeyevka, Spassky	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	957 CE	R-BY198361	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 19118 I19118	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	962 CE	G-L1264 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 19119 I19119	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	962 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 19120 I19120	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	962 CE	N-FTJ196	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 19116 I19116	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	962 CE	N-Y24378 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 19115 I19115	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	962 CE	N-Z1936 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 4 Uyelgi4	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	G-FT34 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Gnezdovo 75-140 VK223	Viking Age Russian	Gnezdovo, Smolensk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	I-BY97557	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 219 VK219	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	I-Y22024 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Shchepchiha 121 ALTS121W	Srostki	Shchepchiha-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	J-BY159989 ?	PRJEB98509
Yarovskoe 158 ALTS158W	Srostki	Yarovskoe-V, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	J-PH358 ?	PRJEB98509
Yarovskoe 160 ALTS160W	Srostki	Yarovskoe-V, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	J-Y164818 ?	PRJEB98509
Gnezdovo 78-249 VK224	Viking Age Russian	Gnezdovo, Smolensk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	N-CTS2929 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Uyelgi 8 Uyelgi8	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	N-L729 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Uyelgi 2 Uyelgi2	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	N-PH573 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Uyelgi 6 Uyelgi6	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	N-Tat ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Shchepchiha 120 ALTS120W	Srostki	Shchepchiha-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	Q-Y12678 ?	PRJEB98509
Gnezdovo 77 VK273	Viking Age Russian	Gnezdovo, Smolensk Oblast	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-BY61747	Margaryan et al. 2020
Pskov 7283-20 VK159	Viking Age Russian	Pskov	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-FTJ80263	Margaryan et al. 2020
Shchepchiha 123 ALTS123W	Srostki	Shchepchiha-I, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-L1433 ?	PRJEB98509
Gnezdovo 466 VK466	Viking Age Russian	Gnezdovo	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-PF6162 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Gran 140 ALT3S140W	Srostki	Gran’, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-Y20755 ?	PRJEB98509
Popovskaya Dacha 167 ALTS167W	Srostki	Popovskaya Dacha, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-Y20768 ?	PRJEB98509
Yarovskoe 156 ALTGC156W	Srostki	Yarovskoe-V, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-Z93 ?	PRJEB98509
Prudskoi 143 ALTS143W	Srostki	Prudskoi, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	R-Z94 ?	PRJEB98509
Uyelgi 19121 I19121	Karayakupovo horizon	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk	Russian Federation	1,014 CE	N-FTJ196	Gyuris et al. 2025
Uyelgi 10 Uyelgi10	Kushnarenkovo-Karayakupovo	Uyelgi, Chelyabinsk region	Russian Federation	1,015 CE	N-CTS9239 ?	Csáky, Gerber, Szeifert, et al. 2020
Moscow 92 I20756	Bering Sea Mariners	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	1,040 CE	Q-FTA51545	Harney et al. 2021
Moscow 104 I7334	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	1,045 CE	Q-A15256	Flegontov et al. 2019
Shekshovo 9-5 SHE005	Rus’	Shekshovo 9, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	1,046 CE	R-M417 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Ladoga 22 VK22	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	I-A11930 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 14 VK14	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	I-BY3428 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 409 VK409	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	I-DF29 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 220 VK220	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	I-FTD64038	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 20 VK20	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	I-Y22478 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 218 VK218	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	R-BY2848 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 18 VK18	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	R-FTB35966	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 408 VK408	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	R-FTC96091 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Ladoga 17 VK17	Viking Age Russian	Ladoga, Leningrad Oblast	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	T-Y138662	Margaryan et al. 2020
Gulyukovo 19081 I19081	Chiyalik	Gulyukovo, Minzälä	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	1,085 CE	N-Y24372 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Sretensky Monastery 3 GOS003	Rus’	Gorokhovets, Sretensky Monastery, Vladimir	Russian Federation	1,090 CE	N-CTS2929 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Ekven 7343 I7343	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	1,090 CE	Q-A15256	Flegontov et al. 2019; Sikora et al. 2019
Kurevanikka 7283 VK160	Viking Age Russian	Kurevanikha	Russian Federation	1,100 CE	R-YP1137 ?	Margaryan et al. 2020
Kobyakovo 20246 I20246	Old Rus	Kobyakovo hillfort, Aksay, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	1,101 CE	R-CTS4027 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Sretensky Monastery 2 GOS002	Rus’	Gorokhovets, Sretensky Monastery, Vladimir	Russian Federation	1,111 CE	R-Z92 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Gulyukovo 25503 I25503	Chiyalik	Gulyukovo, Minzälä	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	1,115 CE	N-FT164058	Gyuris et al. 2025
Ust-Menzelya 33733 I33733	Chiyalik	Ust-Menzelya	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	1,115 CE	R-BY40170	Gyuris et al. 2025
Gulyukovo 19079 I19079	Chiyalik	Gulyukovo, Minzälä	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	1,115 CE	R-Y136366	Gyuris et al. 2025
Gulyukovo 34074 I34074	Chiyalik	Gulyukovo, Minzälä	Russia (Republic of Tatarstan)	1,115 CE	R-Y136366	Gyuris et al. 2025
Nikolka 3 KMT003	Kamchatkan	Nikolka Mountain, Kamchatka	Russian Federation	1,118 CE	C-B77 ?	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Kobyakovo 20244 I20244	Old Rus	Kobyakovo hillfort, Aksay, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	1,123 CE	R-FTC68386	Akbari et al. 2026
Kobyakovo 20245 I20245	Old Rus	Kobyakovo hillfort, Aksay, Rostov Oblast	Russian Federation	1,125 CE	G-FTA70432 ?	Akbari et al. 2026
Shekshovo 9-7 SHE007	Rus’	Shekshovo 9, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	1,125 CE	I-S9302 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Borovikovo 133 ALTGC133W	Srostki	Borovikovo-V, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,125 CE	R-L1433 ?	PRJEB98509
Borovikovo 128 ALTS128W	Srostki	Borovikovo-IV, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,125 CE	R-Y20755 ?	PRJEB98509
Borovikovo 129 ALT3S129W	Srostki	Borovikovo-IV, Altai Krai	Russian Federation	1,125 CE	R-Y20756 ?	PRJEB98509
Sunghir 6 Sunghir6	Medieval Eastern European	Sunghir, Vladimir	Russian Federation	1,128 CE	I-A16681	Sikora et al. 2017
Sretensky Monastery 1 GOS001	Rus’	Gorokhovets, Sretensky Monastery, Vladimir	Russian Federation	1,157 CE	I-S20602 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Shekshovo 2-2 SHK002	Rus’	Shekshovo 3, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	1,179 CE	N-PH3711 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Yana Young Yana_young	Yana	Yana RHS, Siberia	Russian Federation	1,189 CE	N-M1991 ?	Sikora et al. 2019
Shekshovo 2-1 SHK001	Rus’	Shekshovo 2, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	1,207 CE	J-BY159682 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Ivanov Mys 19087 I19087	Ust-Ishim	Ivanov Mys-1, Tevrizsky, Omsk	Russian Federation	1,216 CE	Q-B30 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Gornovo 25548 I25548	Chiyalik	Gornovo, Ufimsky	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,227 CE	N-BY36563 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Nizhnekhozyatovo 25544 I25544	Chiyalik	Nizhnekhozyatovo, Chishminskiy	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,260 CE	R-FTA59271 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Nizhnekhozyatovo 25545 I25545	Chiyalik	Nizhnekhozyatovo, Chishminskiy	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,292 CE	R-YP617 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Zuyevy Klyuchi 32802 I32802	Chiyalik	Zuyevy Klyuchi, Karakulinsky	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	1,310 CE	R-FTD77954	Gyuris et al. 2025
Nizhnekhozyatovo 25543 I25543	Chiyalik	Nizhnekhozyatovo, Chishminskiy	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,331 CE	I-Y7278 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Irkutsk 32 irk032	Medieval Cis-Baikal	Zarubino, Angara River	Russian Federation	1,335 CE	I-A6106 ?	Kılınç et al. 2018; Kılınç et al. 2021
Nizhnekhozyatovo 25542 I25542	Chiyalik	Nizhnekhozyatovo, Chishminskiy	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,337 CE	R-YP575 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Nizhnekhozyatovo 25540 I25540	Chiyalik	Nizhnekhozyatovo, Chishminskiy	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	1,338 CE	J-Z40170 ?	Gyuris et al. 2025
Moscow 87 I7338	Old Bering Sea	Ekven, Chukotka	Russian Federation	1,340 CE	Q-A15256	Flegontov et al. 2019
Putilovo 10116 I10116	Siberian Tatar	Putilovo, Ingalinskoe, Tyumen	Russian Federation	1,343 CE	N-Y24363	Gyuris et al. 2025
Shekshovo 9-9 SHE009	Rus’	Shekshovo 9, Ivanovo	Russian Federation	1,346 CE	R-FT14542 ?	Peltola et al. 2022
Nikolka 2 KMT002	Kamchatkan	Nikolka Mountain, Kamchatka	Russian Federation	1,578 CE	C-B90 ?	K. Wang et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Chalmny Varre 2 CHV002	Historical Russian	Chalmny Varre, Murmansk	Russian Federation	1,800 CE	I-S19848 ?	Lamnidis et al. 2018
Borovyanka 6958 I6958	Historical Russian	Borovyanka-17, Bolsherechensky, Omsk	Russian Federation	1,806 CE	R-FTA36502	Akbari et al. 2026; Gyuris et al. 2025

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample	Site	Region	Date	Branch
91540	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	208,050 BCE	DN2
81872	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	156,530 BCE	DN2
91537	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	137,910 BCE	NA2a1
80320	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	127,990 BCE	NE
81873	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	118,980 BCE	DN2
91539	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	110,550 BCE	NA2a1
91538	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	110,550 BCE	NA2a1
80337	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	108,830 BCE	NE
80323	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	96,750 BCE	NL
115522	Krasnodarskiy kray	Russian Federation	94,750 BCE	NM
81944	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	79,426 BCE	NL
80319	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	78,050 BCE	NL
81984	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	67,630 BCE	DN1a1
22212	Krasnodarskiy kray	Russian Federation	62,980 BCE	NM
80698	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	61,950 BCE	DN1a1
84036	Omskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	43,095 BCE	R
80333	Krasnodarskiy kray	Russian Federation	41,760 BCE	NL1
20566	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	33,250 BCE	U2
84046	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	33,250 BCE	U2
11175	Vladimirskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	32,284 BCE	U2f2
11173	Vladimirskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	32,143 BCE	U2f2
11176	Vladimirskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	32,042 BCE	U2f2
101864	Vladimirskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	27,830 BCE	U8c
83200	Buryatiya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Buryatia)	11,960 BCE	C4
85411	Arkhangel'skaya oblast'	Russian Federation	8,800 BCE	U4a1-a
85198	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	6,862 BCE	F1b1-a5
85133		Russian Federation	6,316 BCE	G2a1
58159	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	6,250 BCE	U4d-a1
86600	Tyumenskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	6,204 BCE	U2e3b
85176	Zabajkal'skij kraj	Russian Federation	5,429 BCE	D4y
151539	Ivanovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	5,350 BCE	U4b1a4
34483	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	5,250 BCE	R1b
85165	Zabajkal'skij kraj	Russian Federation	4,600 BCE	D4aa
115992	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	4,549 BCE	R1a1a
115993	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	4,506 BCE	R1a1a
115991	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	4,453 BCE	R1a1a3
115989	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	4,285 BCE	T2a1b
115971	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	4,257 BCE	I3a
151507	Ivanovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	4,254 BCE	U2e1e
115975	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	4,140 BCE	H2a
135637	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	4,121 BCE	A10b
85193	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	4,050 BCE	A10b
152800	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,830 BCE	U2e-a
151508	Ivanovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,697 BCE	U5a1f1
115970	Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of North Ossetia-Alania)	3,620 BCE	J2a1b1
85192	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,617 BCE	A-a1b3
85203	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,583 BCE	D4j21
115961	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,502 BCE	H2a1
115980	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,494 BCE	U7b
85180	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,494 BCE	D4j12
115995	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	3,488 BCE	T2c1a2
115960	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,447 BCE	T2e
115994	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	3,250 BCE	X2f
115996	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	3,250 BCE	U1b1
115972	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,236 BCE	T1a2
115985	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,230 BCE	I5b
115962	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,229 BCE	X1'2'3-a1
115968	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,221 BCE	T2h5b1a
115982	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,221 BCE	U7b
115986	Adygeya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Adygea)	3,191 BCE	U4c1-a
85185	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,179 BCE	D4j21
115978	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	3,173 BCE	T2a1
146880	Rostovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,130 BCE	U3a2a4
87136	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	3,126 BCE	K1b2a6
157741	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	3,125 BCE	U5a2
87067	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	3,008 BCE	U4b3
87070	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	2,957 BCE	T2a1a
86579	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	2,954 BCE	U4d1
86624	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	2,926 BCE	T2a1a
115987	Dagestan, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Dagestan)	2,900 BCE	U4a2j
115990	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,900 BCE	U5a1-a
87117	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,805 BCE	C4a1a3
115977	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,801 BCE	R1a1a
145110	Krasnodarskiy kray	Russian Federation	2,795 BCE	U5a1a1
115983	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,782 BCE	U5a1g
85199	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,777 BCE	F1b1b1
115976	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,776 BCE	U5a1d
87478	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,775 BCE	J2a2a
115973	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,764 BCE	R1a1a
83212	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	2,758 BCE	A-a1s
87020	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,757 BCE	U5b2a1a-a
86587	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	2,756 BCE	U5b2a1a-a
87008	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,730 BCE	U4b3
87071	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,723 BCE	U5a1a1
85441	Yaroslavskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,704 BCE	T2a1b1a7
86592	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,670 BCE	U5a1d2b1
115979	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,660 BCE	U4d3
85443	Yaroslavskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	N1a1a1a2a
85442	Yaroslavskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,653 BCE	H5b7
86999	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,650 BCE	U5a1d2b1
86635	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,543 BCE	U5a1d2b1
115967	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,527 BCE	U4a
85183	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,521 BCE	F1b1b6
82686	Rostovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,496 BCE	T2a1a16
85412	Tverskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,464 BCE	H41a1d
115974	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,413 BCE	U1a1a3a
85191	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,390 BCE	A-a1b3
85177	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,386 BCE	D4j1c2
115981	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,343 BCE	U2e3a
81995	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,333 BCE	A8a1
85179	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,330 BCE	D3b
98818	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,310 BCE	U4a1-a
101207	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,304 BCE	U5a1a1
152716	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,303 BCE	T1a1
152399	Belgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,300 BCE	U2e2b
85188	Sakha, Respublika [Yakutiya]	Russian Federation	2,270 BCE	A12a2a1b
85201	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	2,236 BCE	C4b1
102520	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	2,230 BCE	I3a
83402	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	2,125 BCE	A-a1b3
115964	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,107 BCE	W4d
115963	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,087 BCE	I4a
115969	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	2,021 BCE	R1b
101891	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,949 BCE	T1a1
90994	Chelyabinskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,858 BCE	U2e1h1a7
86568	Chelyabinskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,840 BCE	H2b
98499	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,836 BCE	U2e2a1-a
145543	Chelyabinskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,787 BCE	U1b2d2
145542	Chelyabinskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,757 BCE	U1b2d2
87024	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	U5a2-a1a1
87132	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	U2e2a1d
87107	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	U4a1-a5
87010	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	T1a1
87059	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,650 BCE	T2b34
87023	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,637 BCE	W1c4
119201	Chelyabinskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,599 BCE	J1c5a-a
87066	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,541 BCE	U4a
152655	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,500 BCE	H41a1
82010	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	1,479 BCE	C4a1a3
87013	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	1,451 BCE	T1a1ae1
82680	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	1,338 BCE	D4j1c2a
152401	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,250 BCE	U5a2a1
115966	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	984 BCE	K1b1a1
91000	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	900 BCE	U2e1h1a6
13914	Khakasiya, Respublika	Russian Federation	867 BCE	N1a1a1a1
82696	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	500 BCE	M8a1c
82690	Altay, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Altai)	500 BCE	C4-a2
152388	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	425 BCE	U5a1b
152386	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	400 BCE	X4a
152395	Stavropol'skiy kray	Russian Federation	375 BCE	I1-a
152397	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	362 BCE	V1a1
152394	Voronezhskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	313 BCE	H15a1
148752	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	273 BCE	U4a1-a
148753	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	273 BCE	A8a1f
148754	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	273 BCE	H15b1b
148149	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	273 BCE	A8a1f
148150	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	273 BCE	U5b2a1a2a
148755	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	273 BCE	H14b2a
148756	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	269 BCE	F1b1-a3a1
148151	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	269 BCE	J2a2a
148757	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	269 BCE	D4j11a
148758	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	269 BCE	T1a
148759	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	269 BCE	M7c1a1a1a
148760	Tyva, Respublika [Tuva]	Russian Federation	269 BCE	D4g1-a1
120380	Bashkortostan, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	225 CE	U5b2b-a
148747	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	270 CE	R-a5a2a1a1
150667	Omskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	270 CE	U4d2h
148746	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	279 CE	U4a1d
148275	Respublika Ingushetiya	Russia (Republic of Ingushetia)	285 CE	I1b15b
148147	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	288 CE	U4b3b
148144	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	290 CE	G2a1
148145	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	296 CE	F1b1-a2a
148143	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	298 CE	U4d2
148148	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	350 CE	C4b
148302	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	350 CE	H5x
148775	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	350 CE	K1a12
148303	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	350 CE	R1a4a
148304	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	350 CE	T2b36
148306	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	350 CE	U1a1a12
148307	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	350 CE	T1a1cz
159306	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	550 CE	G3a3
13912	Rostovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	700 CE	J1c5a1b
162010	Samaraskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	712 CE	U4d2
145188	Udmurtskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Udmurtia)	719 CE	H1b2f
148463	Bashkortostan, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Bashkortostan)	725 CE	H3-f
82687	Altayskiy kray	Russian Federation	805 CE	C4a1a4a
110982	Krasnodarskiy kray	Russian Federation	900 CE	J1c-a1a1
111050	Krasnodarskiy kray	Russian Federation	900 CE	J1c-a1a1
82404	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	911 CE	K1d
82385	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	992 CE	T2b6a
145146	Chelyabinskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	C4a2a1d
82293	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	J1c3g1b1
113411	Smolenskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	V13b
143841	Smolenskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,000 CE	K1b2b
87473	Chukotskiy avtonomnyy okrug	Russian Federation	1,045 CE	A2a
100359	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	J1b1a1
82285	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	U5a2a1b
100362	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	H1b1
100361	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	J1c2u1a
100364	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	H5a1
100365	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	T2b-e1
82399	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	J2b1a
100367	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,050 CE	U4a1-a13
100363	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,062 CE	H6c-a1
82481	Vologodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,100 CE	C4a1a-a
100360	Novgorodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,111 CE	X2b4h
11171	Vladimirskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,125 CE	W3a1f
150668	Tyumenskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	1,315 CE	H2b3
73438	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H1a
73437	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H1c9
73436	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H1a2
73435	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H2a2a1b
73434	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	W6e1
73433	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	K1a2c1a
73432	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	W6e
73431	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H1b2
73430	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	U1b2a1
73429	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	W6e1
73428	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H1a7
73427	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H10g
73426	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	U1b2a1
73425	Kareliya, Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karelia)	1,350 CE	H1ap1a
158957		Russian Federation	1,806 CE	K1b2a3
91002	Rostovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	U2e1h1a7
83403	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	G2a1
83806	Omskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	C4-a4b
83817	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	C4a'b'c
13888	Karachayevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia)	—	W1c10
158939	Rostovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	U5b1b1a
163974	Rostovskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	J1b5b
82701	Kabardino-Balkarskaya Respublika	Russia (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria)	—	X2i3
81996	Sakha, Respublika [Yakutiya]	Russian Federation	—	G1b
82881	Irkutiskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	C4a1a3
82884	Chukotskiy avtonomnyy okrug	Russian Federation	—	A2a
82889	Chukotskiy avtonomnyy okrug	Russian Federation	—	A2a1
136378	Vologodskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	U5a1d2b1b
144675	Krasnoyarskiy kray	Russian Federation	—	F1b1
133988	Yaroslavskaya oblast'	Russian Federation	—	F1b1-a3a2a
82676	Sakha, Respublika [Yakutiya]	Russian Federation	—	D4o2a2a