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FTDNA mt-tree branch

mtDNA haplogroup H1i2

H1i2 is a branch of the FamilyTreeDNA mt tree with 50 kits that gave a country, counting all sub-branches. It is most common in these samples: Scotland (0.1% of kits), Ireland (0.1% of kits), United States (0.1% of kits). The branch's common foremother lived about 2,900 years ago: the FTDNA Discover estimate runs from 2,500 to 3,400 years ago. YFull has 18 samples in this branch and dates its common foremother to 2,100 years ago.

Compare with another branch →

This branch on other trees: FTDNA Discover ↗ · YFull ↗

Branch mutations: 1 · 4 more at YFull

C12346T

The same mutation arose again on other branches: C12346T — K2a7, U2e1c, U5a1a2, P1d, B2x, H17a1, H3z1, A2s, M49a, M36a, and 1 more

YFull nodes on this branch and their SNPs that FTDNA does not have:

  • H1i2 · 4 samples
  • H1i2a · H1i2a · 1 sample
  • H1i2a1 · H1i2a · 4 samples · FTDNA has no branch for it; we count it here
    G14323A
  • H1i2a2a · H1i2a · 4 samples · FTDNA has no branch for it; we count it here
    G499A
  • H1i2a2 · H1i2a · 3 samples · FTDNA has no branch for it; we count it here
    G9966A
  • H1i2b · 2 samples · FTDNA has no branch for it; we count it here
    T15718C
50
kits in the branch
with a country given, including all sub-branches
24
on the branch itself
kits whose test did not resolve a sub-branch
1
sub-branches
0 with their own page, 1 without
2,900 years
age by Discover
the common foremother lived 2,500 to 3,400 years ago
2,100 years
age by YFull
common foremother (TMRCA); the branch split from its parent 3,500 years ago

Where it is found #

Countries and regions given by the branch's carriers. “Share of branch” is the part of the branch's kits that belongs to the country. “Share of country” is the part of that country's kits that falls into the branch; it is computed only for countries with at least 50 kits.

Colour is the branch's share of the country's kits. Hover over a country or tap it.
Where it is found
Country / region kits Share of branch Share of country
United States 15 <0.1%
Ireland 10 <0.1%
England 6 <0.1%
Scotland 6 0.1%
United Kingdom 3 3 of 4,466
France 2 2 of 4,397
Germany 2 2 of 10,945
Sweden 2 2 of 9,356
Italy 1 1 of 2,964
Latvia 1 1 of 263
Netherlands 1 1 of 1,412
Wales 1 1 of 939

Migration path #

How the branch's maternal line moved. Up to branch H, the path follows the Mitotree maps in FamilyTreeDNA Discover. After that, dotted, comes ftdnastat's estimate. It places each ancestor by the countries where the branch's FamilyTreeDNA customers live and routes the way between them over the terrain. Checked on Y branches: for half of the nodes younger than 6,000 years the estimate lies within 70–200 km of Discover's point, for older nodes, within about 550 km. Nodes older than 30,000 years were not checked. Dates are node ages.

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The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Sub-branches #

Sub-branches that have their own page (50 kits or more), as a tree: every direct one, nested ones from 1% of the branch's kits. The bar is the kits in the sub-branch with its own sub-branches; the age is when its common foremother lived.

No sub-branch has its own page: only small branches lie below.

On the branch itself, without a resolved sub-branch: 24 kits.

Sub-branches without a page #

These sub-branches have no page of their own: each has fewer than 50 kits with a country or is a junction with an apostrophe in its name. All such branches of the FTDNA mt tree are here, even those without kits, with their age and top countries.

Mitotree branches #

Mitotree is FamilyTreeDNA's new mt tree in Discover, version 2026.10.07 (Beta Release 12). Branches missing from the public tree appear here, under their nearest ancestor in it. Samples, age and countries come from Discover; some branches have only a name.

All Mitotree branches: 10 branches

Under H1i2a:

How old the branch is, by source #

Each source's estimate on one scale, in years ago. A dot is the estimate, a bar its spread (a 95% interval for YFull); no bar means the source publishes no spread. The “common foremother” rows show when the last common foremother of all carriers lived, the “split” rows when the branch broke off from its parent. Mitotree does not estimate the split, so its row shows the age of the parent branch itself.

Mitotree common foremother2,900 years (2,500–3,400)
YFull common foremother2,100 years (1,100–3,700) · 18 samples
Mitotree split from the parent5,700 years (5,700–5,800)
YFull split from the parent3,500 years (3,200–3,800) · 18 samples

New this month #

FTDNA: how much the kit count grew between the tree copies of 2026-10-02 and 2026-11-02. A kit that moved to a new sub-branch after refinement is not counted as new. YFull: samples YFull itself marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02; YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+2
mtDNA, FTDNA
new kits, 2026-10-05 → 2026-11-04

Where it grew

without a country: 1