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Karachay-Balkars

language: Karachay-Balkar · krc
128
Y-DNA
samples
37
mtDNA
samples
9.3
Y diversity
how many distinct major Y branches 40 randomly drawn people of this people carry on average: 1 means everyone is in one branch, higher is more varied (diversity score: 1.90 bits)
Compare with…
Y-DNA

Key branches tree #

Tree of the main branches by YFull samples. Each branch includes all samples of its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Branches of at least 1% of the sample are shown; branches that only pass one child through are skipped. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA), from FTDNA.

R R-M207
57 · 44.5% 28k years
R1a-Z2124 R-Z2124
45 · 35.2% 4,500 years
Z2123 R-Z2123
37 · 28.9% 4,300 years
R1b-M73 R-M73
6 · 4.7% 14k years
R1b-L51 R-L51
3 of 128 6,100 years
G2a G-P15
46 · 35.9% 19k years
G2a1-Z6552 G-Z6552
39 · 30.5% 17k years
L1264 G-L1264
5 · 3.9% 4,200 years
J J-M304
10 · 7.8% 30k years
J2a J-M410
7 · 5.5% 20k years
Z7671 J-Z7671
3 of 128 13k years
J1-CTS1460 J-CTS1460
3 of 128 5,900 years
I2a-CTS10228 I-CTS10228
4 of 128 3,300 years
E1b1b-M35 E-M35
3 of 128 25k years
Q Q-M242
3 of 128 30k years
other
5 · 3.9%

Among the rest: C 1, L 1, N 1, T 1.

mtDNA

mt-branch tree #

Tree of the mt branches by YFull samples, grouped by letter. Each branch includes all samples of its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Branches of at least 1% of the sample are shown; branches that only pass one child through are skipped. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived (TMRCA), from FTDNA.

U
16 · 43% 51k years
U2'3'4'7'8'9
8 · 22% 50k years
U2e1h
3 of 37 4,700 years
U3b
3 of 37 14k years
U1b2
5 · 14% 7,800 years
H
3 of 37 11k years
T
3 of 37 20k years
other
15 · 41%

Among the rest: B 2, D 2, G 2, W 2, C 1, I 1, N 1, R 1, X 1.

Distinctive branches of the people · Y #

Branches this people carries 3 or more times as often as all YFull customers together. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 5 samples are included.

  • G2a1-Z6552 G-Z6552: 39 · 30.5% (×52.9)
  • R1a-Z2123 R-Z2123: 38 · 29.7% (×44.2)
  • R1b-M73 R-Y13200: 6 · 4.7% (×37.8)
  • R1a-Z2125 R-Z2125: 38 · 29.7% (×32.2)
  • R1a-Z2124 R-Z2124: 46 · 35.9% (×29.3)
  • R1a-Z94 R-Z94: 46 · 35.9% (×19.8)
  • R1a-Z93 R-Z93: 47 · 36.7% (×17.6)
  • G2a-L1264 G-L1264: 5 · 3.9% (×10.9)
  • G2a G-P15: 46 · 35.9% (×10.4)
  • G2a-L1266 G-L1266: 5 · 3.9% (×9.2)
  • G G: 46 · 35.9% (×9.1)
  • G2a-U1 G-U1: 5 · 3.9% (×5.8)

Distinctive branches of the people · mt #

Branches this people carries 3 or more times as often as all YFull customers together. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 5 samples are included.

  • U1b U1b: 5 · 13.5% (×85.0)
  • U1 U1: 7 · 18.9% (×31.7)

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the people's main characteristic branches, from YFull samples that report this native language, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. A branch's share is of the people's samples. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself.

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The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Ancient relatives of male lines #

Which cultures of the Copper Age and Early Bronze Age (4000–2000 BCE) the local male lines lead to most closely. The share is how many kits lead to a culture; the range is in brackets. YFull samples: 195.

Karachay-Balkars Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: 57.7% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware ≈ 2,000–2,600 BCE 58% 42%
Karachay-Balkars Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware · R1a: 53.5% R1a Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: R1a → R1a 46.3% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: R1a → R1a 6.1% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: R1a → R1a 1.0% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware · R1b: 3.2% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: R1b → R1b 3.2% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware · C2: 0.5% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: C2 → C2 0.5% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware · N: 0.5% Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture and Corded Ware: N → N 0.5% R1a 56% G2a 24% R1b 7% J2a 4% Q 2% … 3%
Left: the major branches through which the lines lead to a culture; right: all major branches. Grey: the part of a branch without ancient relatives of this era.
How it is counted
  • Branches of the era. We take the ancient samples whose date falls inside the era, and compare the lines as they stood 1,500 years before the era ends.
  • A culture’s profile is the share of its lines on those branches. The number of samples does not change a weight: a culture of seven men weighs as much as one of a hundred and twenty.
  • A shallow test. An ancient man typed above the cut is spread over the branches under his node, by how many men each holds now. Today’s kits are treated the same way.
  • Who is admitted. A culture takes part when its sharply typed men cover 25% of the population on their own: branch by branch we add the smaller of the two shares, the culture’s and the population’s. One dug within 550 km needs only 0.5%.
  • The shares. We pick the weights of the cultures so that their mixture comes as close as it can to today’s set of branches.
  • Look-alike cultures. When cultures share almost all their branches, the data cannot say whose kin the men are. So we do not split the share between them: they get one bar.
  • The range. We recount everything on random subsets of the samples. In brackets are the bounds the share keeps in nine runs out of ten. A share that can fall below 5%, or below half of itself, is not shown at all.

What it does not mean. This is kinship of male lines, not the origin of a people. The female lines say nothing here. Who takes a test is a matter of chance, so the shares compare between countries, not with a census.

Where the samples come from #

Which countries and regions this people's samples come from; paternal and maternal lines counted separately.

Y-DNA

mtDNA

YFull

Paternal and maternal lines together #

Members of this people with both lines known on YFull. For each “Y branch × mt branch” combination, how many times it occurred and how many would be expected if the two lines had nothing to do with each other. n=35

Most frequent combinations

Y × mt: line combinations · Most frequent combinations
Y mt pairs expected by chance × chance?
R1a-Z2123 U1b 3 1.4 2.10 could be chance p = 0.128

New this month #

Samples YFull marks as new, in the copy of 2026-11-02. YFull drops the mark after a few weeks.

+7
Y-DNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02
+2
mtDNA, YFull
new samples as of 2026-11-02

New Y-DNA samples in YFull

New mtDNA samples in YFull

Data on this page: YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 128 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 37 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Karachay-Balkars: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/ethnic/krc/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.