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Spain: ancient DNA

334
Y-DNA
samples
59
mtDNA
samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

26,000–25,000 BCE
1 · 0.3%
21,000–20,000 BCE
1 · 0.3%
12,000–11,000 BCE
1 · 0.3%
10,000–9,000 BCE
1 · 0.3%
8,000–7,000 BCE
3 · 0.9%
6,000–5,000 BCE
13 · 3.9%
4,000–3,000 BCE
24 · 7.2%
3,000–2,000 BCE
77 · 23.1%
2,000–1,000 BCE
70 · 21.0%
1,000–0 BCE
25 · 7.5%
0–1,000 CE
71 · 21.3%
1,000–2,000 CE
47 · 14.1%
Y-DNA

Branches #

R-P312
53 · 15.9%
I-S12377
22 · 6.6%
R-Z198
11 · 3.3%
H-Z19049
10 · 3.0%
R-Z195
10 · 3.0%
I-S21825
8 · 2.4%
E-Z1200
8 · 2.4%
G-PF3177
7 · 2.1%
R-L151
7 · 2.1%
I-P222
6 · 1.8%
E-PF2546
6 · 1.8%
C-V20
4 · 1.2%
Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

393,000–392,000 BCE
1 · 1.7%
38,000–37,000 BCE
1 · 1.7%
6,000–5,000 BCE
6 · 10.2%
5,000–4,000 BCE
1 · 1.7%
4,000–3,000 BCE
1 · 1.7%
3,000–2,000 BCE
1 · 1.7%
2,000–1,000 BCE
10 · 16.9%
1,000–0 BCE
17 · 28.8%
0–1,000 CE
5 · 8.5%
1,000–2,000 CE
1 · 1.7%
mtDNA

Branches #

H1
5 · 8.5%
H3
4 · 6.8%
H1e1a
4 · 6.8%
K1a
3 · 5.1%
T2b3
2 · 3.4%
J2b1a
2 · 3.4%
H
2 · 3.4%
J2a1a1
2 · 3.4%
U5b1
2 · 3.4%
K2b1a
2 · 3.4%
T2c1d
1 · 1.7%
K1a1
1 · 1.7%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample Culture Site Region Date Branch Study
Gerona 3 GER003 Gravettian Mollet III, Girona Spain (Catalonia) 25,174 BCE C-V20 ? Posth et al. 2023
Malalmuerzo 3 MLZ003 Solutrean Cueva del Malalmuerzo, Moclin Spain (Andalusia) 20,797 BCE C-FT368070 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2023
Balma Guilanyà 1/5 BAL051 Iberian Hunter-Gatherer Balma Guilanyà, Solsona Spain (Catalonia) 11,065 BCE I-M253 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Balma Guilanyà 3 BAL003 Iberian Hunter-Gatherer Balma Guilanyà, Solsona Spain 9,958 BCE I-P37 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Carigüela 1 I10899 Mesolithic Hunter-Gatherer Cueva de la Carigüela, Piñar, Granada Spain (Andalusia) 7,600 BCE I-L75 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Santa Maira 694 NEO694 Sauveterrian Santa Maira, Alicante Spain (Asturias) 7,572 BCE I-Y22622 Allentoft et al. 2024
Cueva de Chaves 1 CHA001 Neolithic Iberian Cueva de Chaves, Yaso Spain 7,131 BCE I-CTS5375 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Casa Corona 2 CRN002 Neolithic Iberian Casa Corona, Alicante Spain 5,920 BCE I-L1294 Posth et al. 2023
La Braña 2 I0843 Iberian Hunter-Gatherer La Braña-Arintero, Valdelugueros, León Spain 5,903 BCE C-A22291 Olalde et al. 2019
La Braña 1 I0585 Iberian Hunter-Gatherer La Braña-Arintero, Valdelugueros, León Spain 5,875 BCE C-A22291 Akbari et al. 2026; Mathieson et al. 2015
Casa Corona 1 CRN001 Neolithic Iberian Casa Corona, Alicante Spain 5,864 BCE I-L1294 Posth et al. 2023
El Toral 648 NEO648 Sauveterrian El Toral III, Asturias Spain (Asturias) 5,574 BCE I-FT79764 Allentoft et al. 2024
Troc 5 I0412 Epicardial Els Trocs, Bisaurri, Huesca, Aragón Spain 5,227 BCE I-A812 Akbari et al. 2026; Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Ardales 5 ADS005 Neolithic Iberian Cueva de Ardales, Malaga Spain (Andalusia) 5,187 BCE G-FTE7000 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2023
Ardales 7 ADS007 Neolithic Iberian Cueva de Ardales, Malaga Spain (Andalusia) 5,187 BCE I-Y15655 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2023
Troc 3 I0410 Epicardial Els Trocs, Bisaurri, Huesca, Aragón Spain 5,180 BCE R-Z30267 Akbari et al. 2026; Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Murciélago 93 MUR Neolithic Iberian Cueva de los Murciélag, Córdoba, Andalusia Spain 5,177 BCE G-BY200976 Valdiosera et al. 2018
Cueva de Chaves 3 CHA003 Neolithic Iberian Cueva de Chaves, Yaso Spain 5,125 BCE I-L161 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Atapuerca 5 ATP5 Neolithic Iberian El Portalón, Atapuerca Spain 5,119 BCE G-PF3146 ? Valdiosera et al. 2018
Fuente Celada 3 FUC003 Neolithic Iberian Fuente Celada, Alfoz de Quintanadueñas Spain 5,069 BCE G-PF3148 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Els Trocs 6 ELT006 Neolithic Iberian Cova de Els Trocs, Bisaurri Spain 3,859 BCE I-PF3981 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Les Llometes 3 I7643 Neolithic Iberian Les Llometes, Alicante, Valencia Spain 3,835 BCE H-SK1180 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Els Trocs 2 ELT002 Neolithic Iberian Cova de Els Trocs, Bisaurri Spain 3,803 BCE I-PF3981 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2019
Les Llometes 5 I7645 Neolithic Iberian Les Llometes, Alicante, Valencia Spain 3,770 BCE I-BY33166 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Mina 3 I0405 Neolithic Iberian La Mina Spain 3,750 BCE H-BY84221 ? Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
Mina 5 I0406 Neolithic Iberian La Mina Spain 3,750 BCE I-S21760 ? Haak et al. 2015; Mathieson et al. 2015
San Quílez 216 SAN216 Neolithic Iberian San Quílez, Basque country Spain 3,707 BCE H-Z19089 ? Valdiosera et al. 2018
Cuarenta 331 C40331 Neolithic Iberian Cueva de los Cuarenta, Andalusia Spain 3,680 BCE I-PH4495 ? Valdiosera et al. 2018
Pacs del Peneds 21 LP110_21 Neolithic Iberian Pacs del Penedes, Catalonia Spain 3,676 BCE I-BY33166 ? Roca-Rada et al. 2025 (iScience)
Les Llometes 7601 I7601 Neolithic Iberian Les Llometes, Alicante, Valencia Spain 3,590 BCE G-BY201413 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Les Llometes 4 I7644 Neolithic Iberian Les Llometes, Alicante, Valencia Spain 3,510 BCE I-Y31653 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Les Llometes 7598 I7598 Neolithic Iberian Les Llometes, Alicante, Valencia Spain 3,500 BCE G-BY133179 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Coveta Emparetà 1 I8567 Chalcolithic Iberian La Coveta Emparetà, Bocairent, Valencia Spain 3,400 BCE H-BY84221 ? Olalde et al. 2019
El Portalón 2 POR002 Chalcolithic Iberian El Portalón, Atapuerca Spain 3,161 BCE I-A20188 Valdiosera et al. 2018
Jentillarri 6 I11248 Neolithic Iberian Jentillarri, Jentillarri, Enirio-Aralar, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-BY37398 Olalde et al. 2019
Jentillarri 10 I11249 Neolithic Iberian Jentillarri, Jentillarri, Enirio-Aralar, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-BY37398 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Mandubi Zelaia 7602 I7602 Neolithic Iberian Mandubi Zelaia, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-BY37398 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Mandubi Zelaia 7603 I7603 Neolithic Iberian Mandubi Zelaia, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-BY37398 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Mandubi Zelaia 7605 I7605 Neolithic Iberian Mandubi Zelaia, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-BY37398 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Mandubi Zelaia 7606 I7606 Neolithic Iberian Mandubi Zelaia, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-BY37398 Olalde et al. 2019
Mandubi Zelaia 7604 I7604 Neolithic Iberian Mandubi Zelaia, Gipuzkoa, Basque Country Spain 3,100 BCE I-L1228 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Hechicera 3272 I3272 Chalcolithic Iberian La Chabola de la Hechicera, Basque Country Spain 3,009 BCE I-P222 ? Lipson et al. 2017
Huesera 3276 I3276 Chalcolithic Iberian Alto de la Huesera, Basque Country Spain 3,005 BCE G-BY57083 Akbari et al. 2026; Lipson et al. 2017
El Portalón 4 POR004 Chalcolithic Iberian El Portalón, Atapuerca Spain 3,005 BCE I-S12377 ? Valdiosera et al. 2018
Chabola 1975 I1975 Chalcolithic Iberian La Chabola de la Hechicera, El, Basque Country Spain 2,977 BCE I-P214 ? Lipson et al. 2017
Carboners 4565 I4565 Chalcolithic Iberian Galls Carboners, Catalonia Spain 2,965 BCE I-L1228 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Gineu 11305 I11305 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE G-BY201413 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 10280 I10280 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE G-PF3378 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 10287 I10287 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE I-BY37404 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 10277 I10277 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE I-CTS1132 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 10284 I10284 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE I-CTS2257 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 10278 I10278 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE I-FT366586 Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 11304 I11304 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE I-P222 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Guineu 10283 I10283 Neolithic Iberian Cova de la Guineu, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 2,950 BCE I-P37 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Matojo 12 ATP12-1420 Chalcolithic Iberian El Portalón, Atapuerca Spain 2,918 BCE I-BY37404 Günther et al. 2015; Valdiosera et al. 2018
Las Yurdinas 1842 I1842 Chalcolithic Iberian Las Yurdinas II, Araba, Basque Country Spain 2,900 BCE G-PF3148 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Peñacerrada 3269 I3269 Chalcolithic Iberian Peñacerrada-Urizaharra, Basque Country Spain 2,900 BCE I-BY71734 ? Lipson et al. 2017
Lucena 339 LU339 Chalcolithic Iberian Lucena, Lucena Spain 2,899 BCE I-FT384997 González-Fortes et al. 2019
Atapuerca 17 ATP17 Chalcolithic Iberian Funerary Tumulus, El Portalón cave, Atapuerca Spain 2,899 BCE I-M223 ? Günther et al. 2015
La Huesera 1845 I1845 Chalcolithic Iberian Alto de la Huesera, Araba, Basque Country Spain 2,875 BCE I-BY37404 ? Olalde et al. 2019
El Sotillo 2473 I2473 Chalcolithic Iberian El Sotillo, Araba, Basque Country Spain 2,861 BCE I-P222 ? Lipson et al. 2017; Olalde et al. 2019
Les Llometes 27 I7642 Neolithic Iberian Les Llometes, Alicante, Valencia Spain 2,834 BCE I-L1228 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Cueva de las Lechuzas 1 CLL001 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE G-BY200976 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cova d' En Pardo 9 CDP009 Chalcolithic Iberian Cova d' En Pardo, Planes, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE H-Z19049 ? Rohrlach et al. 2021; Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cova d' En Pardo 2 CDP002 Chalcolithic Iberian Cova d' En Pardo, Planes, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE H-Z19089 ? Rohrlach et al. 2021; Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cova d' En Pardo 3 CDP003 Chalcolithic Iberian Cova d' En Pardo, Planes, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE H-Z19089 ? Rohrlach et al. 2021; Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cova d' En Pardo 6 CDP006 Chalcolithic Iberian Cova d' En Pardo, Planes, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE H-Z19089 Rohrlach et al. 2021; Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cueva de las Lechuzas 11 CLL011 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE H-Z19089 ? Rohrlach et al. 2021; Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cueva de las Lechuzas 3 CLL003 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE I-BY33166 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cueva de las Lechuzas 5 CLL005 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE I-BY33166 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Camino del Molino 6 CDM006 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino del Molino, Caravaca, Murcia Spain 2,800 BCE I-L160 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Montelirio 17 MON017 Chalcolithic Iberian Valencina, Sevilla Spain 2,800 BCE I-L160 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Montelirio 29 MON029 Chalcolithic Iberian Valencina, Sevilla Spain 2,800 BCE I-M26 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Montelirio 16 MON016 Chalcolithic Iberian Valencina, Sevilla Spain 2,800 BCE I-S2639 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Camino del Molino 4 CDM004 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino del Molino, Caravaca, Murcia Spain 2,800 BCE I-S2770 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Montelirio 20 MON020 Chalcolithic Iberian Valencina, Sevilla Spain 2,800 BCE I-Y11222 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cueva de las Lechuzas 9 CLL009 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE I-Y12999 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cueva de las Lechuzas 4 CLL004 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE I-Y43623 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cueva de las Lechuzas 7 CLL007 Chalcolithic Iberian Cueva de las Lechuzas, Villena, Alicante Spain 2,800 BCE R-FTC606 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Atapuerca 2 ATP2 Chalcolithic Iberian Clandestine pit, El Portalón cave, Atapuerca Spain 2,796 BCE H-BY84221 Günther et al. 2015; Valdiosera et al. 2018
Mirador 5 I0581 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,796 BCE I-L1228 Mathieson et al. 2015
Molino 455 I0455 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino del Molino, Caravaca, Murcia Spain 2,787 BCE I-CTS10057 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Montelirio 36 MON036 Chalcolithic Iberian Valencina, Sevilla Spain 2,778 BCE I-P37 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Diablets 8569 I8569 Chalcolithic Iberian Cova dels Diablets, Castellon, Valencia Spain 2,742 BCE G-BY201413 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sima del Angel 7587 I7587 Chalcolithic Iberian Sima del Angel, Cordova, Andalusia Spain 2,700 BCE G-L30 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sima del Angel 8199 I8199 Chalcolithic Iberian Sima del Angel, Cordova, Andalusia Spain 2,700 BCE G-S10654 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sima del Angel 8365 I8365 Chalcolithic Iberian Sima del Angel, Cordova, Andalusia Spain 2,638 BCE G-S10654 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sima del Angel 8364 I8364 Chalcolithic Iberian Sima del Angel, Cordova, Andalusia Spain 2,638 BCE I-FGC7095 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Mirador 24 I1302 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,600 BCE G-PF3359 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
Mirador 26 I1314 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,600 BCE G-PF3378 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
Humanejos 6596 I6596 Chalcolithic Iberian Humanejos, Madrid Spain 2,600 BCE H-Z19089 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Mirador 202 I5838 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castile and León Spain 2,600 BCE I-FT444172 Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Lipson et al. 2017
Mirador 11 I1274 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,600 BCE I-L1228 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
Mirador 25 I1303 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,600 BCE I-L160 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
Mirador 19 I1282 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,600 BCE I-M170 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
Mirador 21 I1284 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,600 BCE I-P214 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
Humanejos 6617 I6617 Chalcolithic Iberian Humanejos, Madrid Spain 2,600 BCE I-Z161 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Cerdanyola 826 I0826 Bell Beaker Cerdanyola - Paris Street, Barcelona Spain 2,572 BCE I-P222 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Cerdanyola 257 I0257 Bell Beaker Cerdanyola - Paris Street, Barcelona Spain 2,489 BCE R-PF6289 ? Olalde et al. 2018
El Sotillo 1976 I1976 Chalcolithic Iberian El Sotillo, Araba, Basque Country Spain 2,477 BCE I-S12377 ? Lipson et al. 2017; Olalde et al. 2019
Camino del Molino 2 CDM002 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino del Molino, Caravaca, Murcia Spain 2,462 BCE G-FTE7000 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Mirador 14 I1277 Chalcolithic Iberian El Mirador Cave, Atapuerca, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,453 BCE I-L1228 ? Mathieson et al. 2015
El Hundido 2 EHU002 Chalcolithic Iberian Monasterio de Rodilla, Burgos Spain 2,417 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Cerdanyola 825 I0825 Bell Beaker Cerdanyola - Paris Street, Barcelona Spain 2,396 BCE G-L156 ? Olalde et al. 2018
El Sotillo 2467 I2467 Chalcolithic Iberian El Sotillo, Basque Country Spain 2,377 BCE I-P222 ? Lipson et al. 2017
Roy 3 I0460 Bell Beaker Arroyal I, Burgos Spain 2,335 BCE I-BY37398 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Roy 1 I0458 Bell Beaker Arroyal I, Burgos Spain 2,332 BCE I-S12377 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Molino 453 I0453 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino del Molino, Caravaca, Murcia Spain 2,289 BCE I-M170 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Yeseras 426 I4246 Cogotas Camino de las Yeseras, Madrid Spain 2,259 BCE E-SK863 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Humanejos 6587 I6587 Bell Beaker Humanejos, Madrid Spain 2,250 BCE I-P222 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Humanejos 6539 I6539 Bell Beaker Humanejos, Madrid Spain 2,250 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2018
El Hundido 1 EHU001 Chalcolithic Iberian Monasterio de Rodilla, Burgos Spain 2,171 BCE R-L51 ? Olalde et al. 2019
El Toral 649 NEO649 Bell Beaker El Toral III, Asturias Spain (Asturias) 2,166 BCE R-L23 ? Allentoft et al. 2024
Yeseras 6542 I6542 Bell Beaker Camino de las Yeseras, Madrid Spain 2,150 BCE H-P96 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Yeseras 6543 I6543 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino de las Yeseras, Madrid Spain 2,150 BCE I-M423 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Virgazal 5665 I5665 Bell Beaker Virgazal, Tablada de Rudrón, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 2,127 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2018
La Bastida 23 BAS023 Early Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 2,105 BCE R-P312 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Molninos de Papel 3 MDP003 Early Argar Molinos del Papel, Caravaca, Murcia Spain 2,105 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Navilla 8048 I8048 Chalcolithic Iberian La Navilla, Granada, Andalusia Spain 2,100 BCE I-M423 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Bastida 24 BAS024 Early Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 2,085 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Bastida 25 BAS025 Early Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 2,037 BCE E-L618 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Yeseras 6604 I6604 Bronze Age Iberian Camino de las Yeseras, Madrid Spain 1,997 BCE G-PF3148 ? Olalde et al. 2018
Cogotas 3756 I3756 Cogotas Castillejo del Bonete, Castilla La Manch Spain 1,910 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Almoloya 40 ALM040 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,891 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Yeseras 6608 I6608 Chalcolithic Iberian Camino de las Yeseras, Madrid Spain 1,890 BCE I-BY37357 ? Olalde et al. 2018
La Almoloya 7 ALM007 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 14 ALM014 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 28 ALM028 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 47 ALM047 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 50 ALM050 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 25 ALM025 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 69 ALM069 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Bastida 22 BAS022 Early Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-P312 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 20 ALM020 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,875 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 41 ALM041 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,865 BCE R-Z198 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 34 ALM034 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,863 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 16 ALM016 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,858 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 2 ALM002 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,855 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 6 ALM006 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,835 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Coveta del Frare 3494 I3494 Bronze Age Iberian Coveta del Frare, Valencia Spain 1,831 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Almoloya 52 ALM052 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,820 BCE R-DF27 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Cerro del Morrón 2 CMO002 Early Argar Cerro del Morrón, Mortadalla Spain 1,817 BCE R-P310 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 17 ALM017 Early Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,791 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Humanejos 6618 I6618 Bronze Age Iberian Humanejos, Madrid Spain 1,785 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Almoloya 57 ALM057 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,777 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Bastida 18 BAS018 Late Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 1,719 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Valdescusa 4 VAD004 Bronze Age Iberian Valdescusa, Hervias, La Rioja Spain 1,700 BCE R-P310 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Can Roqueta 1312 I1312 Bronze Age Iberian Can Roqueta, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 1,700 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Lloma de Betxí 30593 I3997 Bronze Age Iberian Lloma de Betxi, Valencia Spain 1,692 BCE R-P312 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Valdescusa 1 VAD001 Bronze Age Iberian Valdescusa, Hervias, La Rioja Spain 1,691 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Covacha del Ángel 20126 COV20126 Bronze Age Iberian Covacha del Ángel, Cordoba Spain 1,682 BCE I-BY37404 ? González-Fortes et al. 2019
Puntal 2 PUC002 Bronze Age Iberian Puntal de los Carniceros, Villena, Alicante Spain 1,680 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Rudrón 6470 I6470 Cogotas Tablada de Rudrón, Burgos, Castilla y León Spain 1,659 BCE R-FT10154 Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Olalde et al. 2019
Valdescusa 5 VAD005 Bronze Age Iberian Valdescusa, Hervias, La Rioja Spain 1,640 BCE R-FT74540 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Almoloya 39 ALM039 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,637 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Zapateria 2 ZAP002 Late Argar Zapatería, Lorca, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-FTC604 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 64 ALM064 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 81 ALM081 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-FTC605 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 70 ALM070 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-L51 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 36 ALM036 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-P312 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 58 ALM058 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 78 ALM078 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 80 ALM080 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-P312 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Bastida 26 BAS026 Late Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Madre Mercedarias 4 MMI004 Late Argar Iglesia Madre Mercedarias, Lorca, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 32 ALM032 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Almoloya 63 ALM063 Late Argar La Almoloya, Pliego, Murcia Spain 1,625 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Carboners 4563 I4563 Bronze Age Iberian Galls Carboners, Tarragona, Catalonia Spain 1,600 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Miquel Vives 1 MIV001 Late Argar Miquel Vives, Terrasa, Barcelona Spain 1,595 BCE R-P310 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Bastida 2 BAS002 Late Argar La Bastida, Totana, Murcia Spain 1,570 BCE R-P312 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Horna 2 LHO002 Bronze Age Iberian La Horna, Aspe, Alicante Spain 1,559 BCE R-FTC606 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
La Horna 1 LHO001 Bronze Age Iberian La Horna, Aspe, Alicante Spain 1,538 BCE R-FTC606 Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
El Sotillo 1840 I1840 Bronze Age Iberian El Sotillo, Araba, Basque Country Spain 1,525 BCE R-BY128991 Olalde et al. 2019
Pacs del Peneds 3 LP110_3 Bronze Age Iberian Pacs del Penedes, Catalonia Spain 1,450 BCE R-BY137712 ? Roca-Rada et al. 2025 (iScience)
Pacs del Peneds 5 LP110_5 Bronze Age Iberian Pacs del Penedes, Catalonia Spain 1,450 BCE R-L151 ? Roca-Rada et al. 2025 (iScience)
Pacs del Peneds 2 LP110_2 Bronze Age Iberian Pacs del Penedes, Catalonia Spain 1,450 BCE R-P310 ? Roca-Rada et al. 2025 (iScience)
Cueva de Lagos 1 ESP005 Cogotas Cueva de los Lagos, La Rioja Spain 1,450 BCE R-P312 Valdiosera et al. 2018
Pacs del Peneds 26 LP110_26 Bronze Age Iberian Pacs del Penedes, Catalonia Spain 1,450 BCE R-P312 ? Roca-Rada et al. 2025 (iScience)
El Sotillo 2470 I2470 Bronze Age Iberian El Sotillo, Araba, Basque Country Spain 1,325 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019; Patterson et al. 2022
San Román de Hornija 3 I12209 Cogotas La Requejada, Valladolid, Castilla y León Spain 1,300 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Los Castellets 2-3 LCA003 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,200 BCE R-P312 ? Ezcurra et al. 2025
Los Castellets 2-6 LCA006 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,200 BCE R-P312 ? Ezcurra et al. 2025
Los Castellets 2-8 LCA008 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,200 BCE R-P312 ? Ezcurra et al. 2025
Los Castellets 2-10 LCA010 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,200 BCE R-P312 ? Ezcurra et al. 2025
Los Castellets 2-30 LCA030 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,200 BCE R-P312 ? Ezcurra et al. 2025
Espinoso cave 20735 I20735 Bronze Age Iberian El Espinoso cave, Asturias Spain 1,150 BCE R-P312 ? Patterson et al. 2022
Es Forat 6 EFA006 Bronze Age Iberian Es Forat de ses Aritges, Menorca Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,100 BCE R-P312 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Es Forat 7 EFA007 Bronze Age Iberian Es Forat de ses Aritges, Menorca Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,100 BCE R-Z195 ? Villalba-Mouco et al. 2021
Los Castellets 2-15 LCA015 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,092 BCE R-P312 ? Ezcurra et al. 2025
Los Castellets 2-13 LCA013 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,025 BCE R-Z198 Ezcurra et al. 2025
Los Castellets 2-12 LCA012 Urnfield Los Castellets II, Mequinenza, Aragón Spain 1,014 BCE R-P312 Ezcurra et al. 2025
Naveta des Tudo 3315 I3315 Bronze Age Iberian Naveta des Tudo, Menorca Spain (Balearic Islands) 859 BCE R-P312 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol); Patterson et al. 2022
Empúries 8209 I8209 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 604 BCE R-CTS2819 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Villaricos 18201 I18201 Phoenician Cuevas del Almazora, Almería, Villaricos Spain 584 BCE E-FTG85074 Akbari et al. 2026; Ringbauer et al. 2025
Empúries 8211 I8211 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 475 BCE R-FT177021 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Empúries 8344 I8344 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 450 BCE R-FGC73097 Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Boixo 12410 I12410 Iron Age Iberian Mas d'en Boixo, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain 425 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Empúries 8212 I8212 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 425 BCE R-P312 Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Empúries 8341 I8341 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 425 BCE R-Y28950 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Puig des Molins 27620 I27620 Phoenician Puig des Molins, Ibiza Spain 400 BCE R-FT187568 Ringbauer et al. 2025
Can Marines 27602 I27602 Phoenician Can Marines, Ibiza Spain 391 BCE R-P312 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Villaricos 18202 I18202 Phoenician Cuevas del Almazora, Almería, Villaricos Spain 310 BCE E-V68 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Calle Mármoles 26932 I26932 Phoenician Calle Mármoles, Málaga Spain 292 BCE J-PF5252 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Villaricos 18199 I18199 Phoenician Cuevas del Almazora, Almería, Villaricos Spain 286 BCE E-FTG85074 Akbari et al. 2026; Ringbauer et al. 2025
Empúries 8208 I8208 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 276 BCE J-FTB66564 Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
Sant Andreu 3324 I3324 Iron Age Iberian Puig de Sant Andreu, Girona, Catalonia Spain 273 BCE R-Z209 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Hoya 73 I3759 Celtiberian La Hoya, Araba, Basque Country Spain 272 BCE I-Y14718 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Villaricos 18189 I18189 Phoenician Cuevas del Almazora, Almería, Villaricos Spain 264 BCE E-M44 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Villaricos 18193 I18193 Phoenician Cuevas del Almazora, Almería, Villaricos Spain 262 BCE T-PF7457 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Sant Andreu 3327 I3327 Iron Age Iberian Puig de Sant Andreu, Girona, Catalonia Spain 225 BCE R-P310 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Empúries 8205 I8205 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 200 BCE J-FTH87928 Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019
La Rata 3320 I3320 Iron Age Iberian Els Estrets de la Rata, Castellon, Valencia Spain 200 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019; Patterson et al. 2022
La Rata 3321 I3321 Iron Age Iberian Els Estrets de la Rata, Castellon, Valencia Spain 200 BCE R-P312 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Olalde et al. 2019; Patterson et al. 2022
Empúries 8206 I8206 Hellenistic Iberian Empúries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 153 BCE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Monte Benorio 19991 I19991 Iron Age Iberian Monte Benorio, Palencia Spain 100 BCE R-Y31393 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Patterson et al. 2022
Monte Benorio 19990 I19990 Iron Age Iberian Monte Benorio, Palencia Spain 86 BCE R-P312 ? Patterson et al. 2022
Empuries 10865 I10865 Roman Age Iberian Empuries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 150 CE L-M20 ? Olalde et al. 2019
La Mineta 29575 I29575 Roman Age Iberian La Mineta, Cambrils, Tarragona Spain 150 CE R-CTS4065 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Els Masos 29525 I29525 Roman Age Iberian Els Masos, Cambrils, Tarragona Spain 150 CE R-Z202 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Empuries 8216 I8216 Roman Age Iberian Empuries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 155 CE J-PF7263 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Empuries 8202 I8202 Roman Age Iberian Empuries, Girona, Catalonia Spain 200 CE R-L151 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Blanes 23768 I23768 Roman Age Iberian Necrópolis Blanes, Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura Spain 250 CE R-BY28826 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Plaza Einstein 4054 I4054 Roman Age Iberian Plaza Einstein, Granada, Andalusia Spain 300 CE J-L26 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Plaza Einstein 4055 I4055 Roman Age Iberian Plaza Einstein, Granada, Andalusia Spain 300 CE T-L490 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Hormiguero 10 CAN010 Guanche El Hormiguero, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 400 CE E-M81 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Plaza Einstein 3983 I3983 Roman Age Iberian Plaza Einstein, Granada, Andalusia Spain 400 CE J-Z1847 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Blanes 23273 I23273 Roman Age Iberian Necrópolis Blanes, Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura Spain 449 CE I-FT343655 Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Blanes 24953 I24953 Roman Age Iberian Necrópolis Blanes, Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura Spain 450 CE G-FGC79808 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Blanes 23280 I23280 Roman Age Iberian Necrópolis Blanes, Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura Spain 450 CE I-DF29 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Blanes 23763 I23763 Roman Age Iberian Necrópolis Blanes, Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura Spain 450 CE R-L21 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Blanes 23764 I23764 Roman Age Iberian Necrópolis Blanes, Mérida, Badajoz, Extremadura Spain 450 CE R-P312 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Estevillas 22051 CGG022051 Visigothic Estevillas Virgen de la Torre, Madrid Spain 477 CE R-S19290 ? McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
El Castillón 3576 I3576 Medieval Spanish El Castillón, Granada, Andalusia Spain 482 CE R-PH3162 ? Olalde et al. 2019
El Castillon 3583 I3583 Medieval Spanish El Castillón, Granada, Andalusia Spain 500 CE E-M78 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Fuentenueva 3981 I3981 Medieval Spanish Fuentenueva, Granada, Andalusia Spain 500 CE E-Z1231 ? Olalde et al. 2019
El Castillon 3579 I3579 Medieval Spanish El Castillón, Granada, Andalusia Spain 500 CE E-Z1919 ? Olalde et al. 2019
El Castillón 3575 I3575 Medieval Spanish El Castillón, Granada, Andalusia Spain 500 CE I-SK1270 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Guayadeque 18 CAN018 Guanche Guayadeque, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 515 CE R-Z290 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Plaza de l'Horta 20271 I20271 Visigothic Plaza de l'Horta, Girona, Catalonia Spain 550 CE R-Z17112 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Plaza de l'Horta 20394 I20394 Visigothic Plaza de l'Horta, Girona, Catalonia Spain 573 CE R-Z295 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Plaza de l'Horta 12031 I12031 Medieval Spanish Plaza de l'Horta, Girona, Catalonia Spain 600 CE E-BY28635 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Las Lomas del Molino 30597 I30597 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE G-Y412735 Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Lomas del Molino 30591 I30591 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE I-BY62847 Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Plaza de l'Horta 12162 I12162 Medieval Spanish Plaza de l'Horta, Girona, Catalonia Spain 600 CE J-Z2177 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Aldaieta 67 B67 Medieval Basque Aldaieta, Alava Spain (Basque) 600 CE R-M153 ? Alzualde et al. 2007
Aldaieta 68 B68 Medieval Basque Aldaieta, Alava Spain (Basque) 600 CE R-M153 ? Alzualde et al. 2007
Las Lomas del Molino 30592 I30592 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE R-P312 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Lomas del Molino 30589 I30589 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE R-Y31393 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Lomas del Molino 30590 I30590 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE R-Y599226 Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Lomas del Molino 30930 I30930 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE R-Y91901 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Lomas del Molino 30932 I30932 Visigothic Las Lomas del Molino, Epila, Zaragoza Spain 600 CE R-Z202 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Cubillejo de la Sierra 19670 I19670 Visigothic Cubillejo de la Sierra, Molina de Aragón, Guadalajara Spain 601 CE R-PH1011 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Gobas 62 ldo062 Visigothic Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 607 CE R-FTG24233 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 57 ldo057 Visigothic Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 607 CE R-FTG88820 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Les Goges 20278 I20278 Visigothic Les Goges, Sant Julià de Ramis, Girona, Catalonia Spain 621 CE J-L858 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Guanche 12 gun012 Guanche Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 626 CE E-Z1200 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2017
La Gobas 39 ldo039 Visigothic Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 633 CE R-FGC32346 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Estevillas 22052 CGG022052 Visigothic Estevillas Virgen de la Torre, Madrid Spain 717 CE R-P312 ? McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Yeseras 22028 CGG022028 Visigothic Camino de las Yeseras, Madrid Spain 719 CE C-Y256256 McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
La Vall d'Uixó 23 GOG23 Andalusi Plaza Peral, La Vall d'Uixó Spain (Valencia) 722 CE E-PF2477 ? Oteo-García et al. 2025
El Tesoro 19659 I19659 Visigothic El Tesoro-Carramantiel, Gualda, Cifuentes, Guadalajara Spain 722 CE R-FGC65155 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Carrión et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Gandia 34 GOG34 Visigothic Sanxo Llop, Gandia Spain (Valencia) 723 CE R-DF27 ? Oteo-García et al. 2025
Los Berrocales 22026 CGG022026 Visigothic Los Berrocales, Madrid Spain 724 CE G-Z727 ? McColl et al. 2024 (bioRxiv)
Las Delicias 3585 I3585 Medieval Spanish Necropolis de las Delicias, Granada, Andalusia Spain 755 CE R-P312 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Guanche 14 gun014 Guanche Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 792 CE E-M81 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2017
Las Gobas 48 ldo048 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-BY34791 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 160 ldo160 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-BY34791 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 66 ldo066 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-CTS7079 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 40 ldo040 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-DF84 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 55 ldo055 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-FT159430 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 58 ldo058 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-FT31840 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 42 ldo042 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-FT322173 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 46 ldo046 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-FTA88231 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 60 ldo060 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burg Spain 800 CE R-FTE6380 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 52 ldo052 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-S1051 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 43 ldo043 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-Y231833 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 263 ldo263 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-Y346041 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Las Gobas 242 ldo242 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 800 CE R-Z290 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Guanche 11 gun011 Guanche Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 813 CE E-PF2546 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2017
Las Gobas 50 ldo050 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 832 CE L-FTB44977 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Antocojo 27 CAN027 Guanche Antocojo, La Gomera Spain (Canary Islands) 884 CE E-Z1200 ? Serrano et al. 2023
La Vall d'Uixó 24 GOG24 Andalusi Plaza Peral, La Vall d'Uixó Spain (Valencia) 900 CE J-FTD13000 Oteo-García et al. 2025
Las Gobas 37 ldo037 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 900 CE R-FTG24233 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Ramis 10895 I10895 Medieval Spanish Sant Julià de Ramis, Girona, Catalonia Spain 912 CE R-S1911 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Panderos 7427 I7427 Moorish Calle Panderos, Granada, Andalusia Spain 950 CE E-M2 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Guanche 6 gun006 Guanche Cave, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 950 CE T-L131 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2017
Las Gobas 49 ldo049 Early Christian Spain Las Gobas, Burgos Spain 967 CE R-Z278 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2024
Maraute 7500 I7500 Moorish El Maraute, Granada, Andalusia Spain 1,000 CE E-Z1200 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sepultura 9 I7498 Moorish Cueva Romero, Granada, Andalusia Spain 1,050 CE E-BY3880 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Cendro 57 LLD-0057 Canario Cendro, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,065 CE T-BY67658 Alberto-Barroso et al. 2021
Cendro 56 LLD-0056 Canario Cendro, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,065 CE T-L208 ? Alberto-Barroso et al. 2021
Ibiza 123 ldo123 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-A429 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 121 ldo121 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-BY119585 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 116 ldo116 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-BY9937 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 136 ldo136 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-FT194594 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 118 ldo118 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-PF2548 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 130 ldo130 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-PF6789 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 140 ldo140 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE E-Z1200 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 131 ldo131 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE R-FTG94281 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Ibiza 115 ldo115 Islamic Ibizan Ibiza Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE R-KMS36 Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2026
Sant Julià 15-1796 I10853 Medieval Spanish Sant Julià de Ramis, Girona, Catalonia Spain 1,074 CE E-V13 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Cendro 59 LLD-0059 Canario Cendro, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,075 CE T-BY67658 ? Alberto-Barroso et al. 2021
Guanche 1 gun001 Guanche Cave, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,090 CE E-M35 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2017
Salitre 48 CAN048 Guanche Salitre, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,095 CE E-FTH64066 Serrano et al. 2023
Betxi 12514 I12514 Moorish Palau Castell de Betxi, Castellon, Valencia Spain 1,096 CE J-Z39601 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Guanche 2 gun002 Guanche Cave, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,099 CE E-PF2546 ? Rodríguez-Varela et al. 2017
Granada 7457 I7457 Moorish Casa Guardia Civil, Granada, Andalusia Spain 1,200 CE E-CTS8814 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sagunto 12644 I12644 Moorish Carrer Sagunto 49, València Spain 1,200 CE E-PF2546 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sagunto 12649 I12649 Moorish Carrer Sagunto 49, València Spain 1,200 CE E-Z1200 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Betxi 12515 I12515 Moorish Palau Castell de Betxi, Castellon, Valencia Spain 1,200 CE J-Z39601 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Montana Mina 38 CAN038 Guanche Montana Mina, Lanzarote Spain (Canary Islands) 1,213 CE E-FT164825 Serrano et al. 2023
Los Pasitos 35 CAN035 Guanche Los Pasitos, La Palma Spain (Canary Islands) 1,215 CE E-Z1200 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Hormiguero 12 CAN012 Guanche El Hormiguero, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,217 CE E-PF2477 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Lomo Galeon 22 CAN022 Guanche Lomo Galeon, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,220 CE E-M44 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Montana Mina 37 CAN037 Guanche Montana Mina, Lanzarote Spain (Canary Islands) 1,245 CE E-M132 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Lomo Galeon 23 CAN023 Guanche Lomo Galeon, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,249 CE E-M81 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Arenas 41 CAN041 Guanche Arenas, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,262 CE E-PF2477 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Hormiguero 11 CAN011 Guanche El Hormiguero, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,328 CE T-BY28600 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Punta Azul 1 CAN001 Guanche Punta Azul, El Hierro Spain (Canary Islands) 1,330 CE E-FTH64066 Serrano et al. 2023
Angostura 40 CAN040 Guanche Angostura, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,333 CE E-Z1232 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Barranco Majona 30 CAN030 Guanche Barranco Majona, La Gomera Spain (Canary Islands) 1,342 CE E-Z1200 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Roquetes 7 ROQ7 Jewish Roquetes Necropolis, Tàrrega, Catalonia Spain 1,350 CE E-FT424082 Pallarés-Viña et al. 2026
Roquetes 2 ROQ2 Jewish Roquetes Necropolis, Tàrrega, Catalonia Spain 1,350 CE E-Y192816 Pallarés-Viña et al. 2026
Roquetes 4 ROQ4 Jewish Roquetes Necropolis, Tàrrega, Catalonia Spain 1,350 CE G-FTF87116 Pallarés-Viña et al. 2026
Roquetes 1 ROQ1 Jewish Roquetes Necropolis, Tàrrega, Catalonia Spain 1,350 CE J-BY111118 ? Pallarés-Viña et al. 2026
Calzada 25 CAN025 Canarians Puente de la Calzada, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,357 CE E-PF2477 ? Serrano et al. 2023
El Agujero 8 CAN008 Guanche El Agujero, Gran Canaria Spain (Canary Islands) 1,368 CE T-BY67658 Serrano et al. 2023
Cascajo 42 CAN042 Canarians Cascajo, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,384 CE E-PF2546 ? Serrano et al. 2023
El Capricho 43 CAN043 Canarians El Capricho, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,385 CE E-M81 ? Serrano et al. 2023
San Lorenzo 59 GOG59 Historical Spanish Cementerio San Lorenzo, Valencia Spain (Valencia) 1,525 CE E-BY9701 Oteo-García et al. 2025
El Portillo 45 CAN045 Canarians El Portillo, Tenerife Spain (Canary Islands) 1,534 CE E-Z1200 ? Serrano et al. 2023
Torna Alta 3807 I3807 Moorish Necropolis de Torna Alta, Granada, Andalusia Spain 1,550 CE E-L19 ? Olalde et al. 2019
Sagrera 1810 October_L014 Renaissance Spanish Soldier La Sagrera, Barcelona Spain (Catalonia) 1,652 CE R-FGC21056 ? Tonide-Dios et al. 2021
Sagrera 1436 F1364-1436 Renaissance Spanish Soldier La Sagrera, Barcelona Spain (Catalonia) 1,652 CE R-FTA61163 Tonide-Dios et al. 2021

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample Site Region Date Branch
81880 Burgos Spain (Castile and León) 392,980 BCE HD
22209 Asturias Spain (Asturias) 37,430 BCE NL1
23108 Spain 5,030 BCE T2c1d-a
28405 Spain 5,030 BCE T2b3-a
23425 Spain 5,030 BCE T2b3-a
25186 Spain 5,030 BCE K1a1c1a1
22809 Spain 5,030 BCE K1a2a
23414 Spain 5,030 BCE J2b1a
28392 Spain 4,945 BCE J2b1a
87147 Álava Spain (Basque) 3,146 BCE J1c3ac
86628 Burgos Spain (Castile and León) 2,600 BCE K1-a15
99371 Murcia Spain (Murcia) 1,853 BCE H2a4b
99372 Murcia Spain (Murcia) 1,830 BCE H
99349 Murcia Spain (Murcia) 1,802 BCE T2b21
87137 Tarragona Spain (Catalonia) 1,677 BCE H1
99373 Alicante Spain (Valencia) 1,330 BCE K1-a4b2
98819 Álava Spain (Basque) 1,320 BCE J2a1a1
99374 Alicante Spain (Valencia) 1,300 BCE K1-a4b2
99350 Spain 1,300 BCE R13a
113019 Valladolid Spain (Castile and León) 1,290 BCE H1ah-a
102217 Asturias Spain (Asturias) 1,150 BCE H1j10
102183 Álava Spain (Basque) 892 BCE H3an
102158 Sevilla Spain (Andalusia) 664 BCE J1c1b12
148137 Almería Spain (Andalusia) 585 BCE I4a22
148136 Almería Spain (Andalusia) 286 BCE H1e1a
86642 Álava Spain (Basque) 286 BCE U5b1-a1e1b
31285 Spain 200 BCE T2b
51148 Spain 200 BCE U4a2a
31406 Spain 200 BCE U5b3i
56437 Spain 200 BCE H1-d6
32185 Spain 200 BCE H3-b
26620 Spain 200 BCE H1c25
28065 Spain 200 BCE H3cl
56441 Spain 200 BCE J1c3g
58783 Spain 200 BCE K1a1b1-b
102204 Palencia Spain (Castile and León) 101 BCE H1e1a6
102230 Palencia Spain (Castile and León) 101 BCE H1e1a
102168 Palencia Spain (Castile and León) 80 BCE H1e1a6
148777 Balears Spain (Balearic Islands) 283 CE U6a1
148312 Madrid Spain (Madrid) 624 CE T2d1b
148776 Madrid Spain (Madrid) 657 CE H5a1
148309 Madrid Spain (Madrid) 720 CE H7h
148308 Madrid Spain (Madrid) 725 CE K1a4g
161147 Balears Spain (Balearic Islands) 1,068 CE H1cw2
20567 León Spain (Castile and León) — U5b2c1
23648 Spain — K1a4a1
66954 Spain — U6a7a1
72382 Spain — L2a1l
72381 Spain — U2e1c1
28064 Spain — H3
31077 Spain — U5b1
34134 Spain — H1ay2
72380 Spain — H79c2
72379 Spain — H1bm
30403 Spain — V
28970 Spain — U5b3b
31275 Spain — K2b1a
29803 Spain — J2a1a1q
31274 Spain — K2b1a