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Kazakhstan: ancient DNA

147
Y-DNA
samples
39
mtDNA
samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

6,000–5,000 BCE
2 · 1.4%
4,000–3,000 BCE
2 · 1.4%
3,000–2,000 BCE
10 · 6.8%
2,000–1,000 BCE
40 · 27.2%
1,000–0 BCE
45 · 30.6%
0–1,000 CE
37 · 25.2%
1,000–2,000 CE
11 · 7.5%
Y-DNA

Branches #

R-FGC56408
20 · 13.6%
R-Z2124
17 · 11.6%
R-S23592
10 · 6.8%
Q-L330
10 · 6.8%
N-P189
7 · 4.8%
R-Z93
6 · 4.1%
R-Y934
5 · 3.4%
Q-F749
4 · 2.7%
R-M417
4 · 2.7%
J-Y14700
4 · 2.7%
R-L1433
3 · 2.0%
R-M198
3 · 2.0%
Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

4,000–3,000 BCE
3 · 7.7%
2,000–1,000 BCE
3 · 7.7%
1,000–0 BCE
15 · 38.5%
0–1,000 CE
13 · 33.3%
1,000–2,000 CE
1 · 2.6%
mtDNA

Branches #

A
5 · 12.8%
U2e1
2 · 5.1%
J1c5a
2 · 5.1%
J1b1a1
2 · 5.1%
C4
2 · 5.1%
C4a1a
2 · 5.1%
U4
2 · 5.1%
D4b
2 · 5.1%
F1
2 · 5.1%
D4
2 · 5.1%
Z1a1
1 · 2.6%
K1b2
1 · 2.6%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample Culture Site Date Branch Study
Koken 1 KKN001 Neolithic Central Asian Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 5,350 BCE N-P189 Gill et al. 2025
Koken 2 KKN002 Neolithic Central Asian Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 5,350 BCE N-P189 Gill et al. 2025
Botai 14 BOT14 Botai Botai 3,364 BCE R-L1432 Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.); Jeong et al. 2019
Botai 15 BOT15 Botai Botai 3,193 BCE N-P189 Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Kumsay I11734 Bronze Age Central Asian Kumsay, Kyryk Oba 2,967 BCE Q-F749 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Karagash 786 RISE786 Yamnaya Karagash 2,940 BCE R-BY185688 Damgaard, Martiniano et al. 2018 (Sci.)
Kumsay 26302 I26302 Yamnaya Kumsay, Aqtöbe Region 2,587 BCE Q-BZ1462 ? Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kumsay 26231 I26231 Yamnaya Kumsay, Aqtöbe Region 2,587 BCE Q-FTH74408 Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kumsay 26303 I26303 Yamnaya Kumsay, Aqtöbe Region 2,587 BCE R-BY15339 ? Lazaridis et al. 2025
Kumsay 26230 I26230 Yamnaya Kumsay, Aqtöbe Region 2,587 BCE R-Y96236 ? Lazaridis et al. 2025
Mereke 11735 I11735 Bronze Age Central Asian Kurgan, Mereke 2,378 BCE N-FT171373 Narasimhan et al. 2019
Mereke 11737 I11737 Bronze Age Central Asian Kurgan, Mereke 2,096 BCE N-FGC28421 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Saint Petersburg 37 I6708 Kanai Kanai Cemetery, Northwestern Kazakhstan 2,092 BCE C-F3977 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 3770 I3770 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Shemonaikha District 2,018 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Sjauke 900 NEO900 Bronze Age Central Asian Sjauke, Pavlodar 1,854 BCE N-FGC28421 ? Allentoft et al. 2024
Maitan 6789 I6789 Bronze Age Central Asian Maitan, Belagash 1,782 BCE R-S23592 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Maitan 6794 I6794 Bronze Age Central Asian Maitan, Belagash 1,765 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Satan 6799 I6799 Alakul Satan, Karkaraly District 1,765 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Ak-Moustafa 3767 I3767 Bronze Age Steppe Kurgan, Ak-Moustafa 1,734 BCE R-S23592 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Georgievsky 11541 I11541 Bronze Age Central Asian Burial, Georgievsky Bugor 1,734 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Karagash 4262 I4262 Bronze Age Central Asian Karagash 1,726 BCE R-Y136354 Narasimhan et al. 2019
Dali 507 I0507 Bronze Age Steppe Byan Zherek, Dali 1,718 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Karagash 4263 I4263 Bronze Age Central Asian Karagash 1,708 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Karagash 4778 I4778 Bronze Age Central Asian Karagash 1,697 BCE R-Y136354 Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kairan 4568 I4568 Bronze Age Central Asian Kairan 1,681 BCE R-M417 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Maitan 6793 I6793 Bronze Age Central Asian Maitan, Belagash 1,681 BCE R-S23592 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kairan 4567 I4567 Bronze Age Central Asian Kairan 1,676 BCE R-Z93 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Oy-Dzhaylau 3860 I3860 Bronze Age Steppe Oy-Dzhaylau, Merki 1,653 BCE R-Z93 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Koken 93 KKN093 Andronovo Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 1,650 BCE Q-M346 ? Gill et al. 2025
Koken 102 KKN102 Andronovo Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 1,650 BCE R-M198 ? Gill et al. 2025
Koken 83 KKN083 Andronovo Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 1,650 BCE R-S23592 ? Gill et al. 2025
Koken 85 KKN085 Andronovo Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 1,650 BCE R-S23592 ? Gill et al. 2025
Koken 96 KKN096 Andronovo Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 1,650 BCE R-S23592 ? Gill et al. 2025
Koken 100 KKN100 Andronovo Koken, Upper Irtysh River, Abai Region 1,650 BCE R-Z2124 ? Gill et al. 2025
Oy-Dzhaylau 3788 I3788 Bronze Age Central Asian Oy-Dzhaylau, Merki 1,586 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Aktogai 4265 I4265 Bronze Age Central Asian Aktogai 1,572 BCE R-S23592 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kyzyl Bulak 4784 I4784 Bronze Age Central Asian Kyzyl Bulak, Enbekshikazakh 1,558 BCE Q-BZ4911 Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Aktogai 4773 I4773 Bronze Age Central Asian Aktogai, Urzhar 1,558 BCE R-FTF10113 Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Narasimhan et al. 2019
Aktogai 4774 I4774 Bronze Age Central Asian Aktogai, Urzhar District 1,553 BCE R-S23592 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Shoendykol 10112 I10112 Fedorovo Shoendykol, Bayanaul 1,547 BCE R-Y38987 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kazakh Mys 4322 I4322 Bronze Age Central Asian Kazakh Mys, Urzhar District 1,534 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Kazakh Mys 4783 I4783 Bronze Age Central Asian Kazakh Mys, Urzhar District 1,506 BCE R-S23592 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Oy-Dzhaylau 4791 I4791 Bronze Age Central Asian Oy-Dzhaylau, Merki 1,506 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Taldysay 4794 I4794 Bronze Age Central Asian Taldysay, Aktobe 1,500 BCE J-Z7700 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 3763 I3763 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Shemonaikha District 1,495 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Oy-Dzhaylau 4790 I4790 Bronze Age Central Asian Oy-Dzhaylau, Merki 1,483 BCE R-Y136354 Narasimhan et al. 2019
Shoendykol 10111 I10111 Fedorovo Shoendykol, Bayanaul 1,446 BCE R-Y210252 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Aktogai 10140 I10140 Bronze Age Steppe Aktogai, Urzhar 1,300 BCE R-Z94 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Taldysay 4787 I4787 Bronze Age Central Asian Taldysay, Aktobe 1,266 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 4295 I4295 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Barashki 1,140 BCE R-Z93 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 4267 I4267 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Barashki 1,092 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 3976 I3976 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Barashki 1,085 BCE Q-L332 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 3977 I3977 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Barashki 1,065 BCE R-M478 Narasimhan et al. 2019
Zevakinskiy 3753 I3753 Bronze Age Central Asian Zevakinskiy stone fence, Shemonaikha District 1,027 BCE R-Z2124 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Birlik 17 DA17 Saka Bajanaul, Central steppe 754 BCE R-Z2124 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Caspan 3 CSP003 Saka Caspan Mound, Caspan 697 BCE R-YP1456 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Akbeit 1 AKB001 Tasmolinskaya Akbeit I, Akbeit 688 BCE R-Z21197 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karaterekh 19 DA19 Saka Karaterekh Burial, Central steppe 681 BCE E-FT169238 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Aksu Ayuly 52 MJ-52 Tasmola Aksu-Ayuly, Shetsky District, Karagandinsk Region 671 BCE J-ZS6592 ? Järve et al. 2019
Eleke Sazy 1 ESZ001 Saka Eleke Sazy 670 BCE R-FTC98316 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Taldy 4 TAL004 Tasmolinskaya Taldy 670 BCE R-PH1397 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Taldy 5 TAL005 Tasmolinskaya Taldy 669 BCE C-F11852 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karashoky 1 KSH001 Tasmolinskaya Karashoky 667 BCE R-Z21197 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Kyzylshilik 1 KYZ001 Tasmolinskaya Kyzylshilik 666 BCE R-PH1397 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Nurken 2 NUR002 Tasmolinskaya Nurken 663 BCE R-Z21197 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Bisoba 1 BSB001 Savromo-Sarmatian Bisoba mound 3, Kaul'dzhur 656 BCE R-KMS133 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Ismailovo 2 IS2 Zevakino-Chilikta Ismailovo, East Kazakhstan 653 BCE Q-L332 Unterländer et al. 2017
Bektauta 1 BKT001 Tasmolinskaya Bektauta 648 BCE R-Z21197 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Taldy 2 DA13 Saka Taldy River, Karkaraly 626 BCE R-FTC11044 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karasjoky 6 DA15 Saka Karkarali, Central steppe 607 BCE R-PF6162 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karagaly 221 DA221 Central Asian Nomad Karagaly 1 burial site, Tian Shan 604 BCE Q-BZ513 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Chanchar 11537 I11537 Bronze Age Central Asian Kurgan, Chanchar 604 BCE R-Z93 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Nazar 2 DA16 Saka Karkarali, Central steppe 603 BCE R-FTC11044 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Mayemer 1 MMR001 Mayemer-II mound, Майемер 600 BCE J-ZS12194 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Birlik 10 BIR010 Tasmolinskaya Birlik Mound, Birlik 600 BCE Q-FT9308 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karakemer 1 KKM001 Tasmolinskaya Karakemer 600 BCE R-FTC11044 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Taldy 3 TAL003 Tasmolinskaya Taldy 600 BCE R-PH1397 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karashoky 4 KSH004 Tasmolinskaya Karashoky 600 BCE R-YP1548 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karashoky 3 KSH003 Tasmolinskaya Karashoky 600 BCE R-Z21197 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Warrior 1 WAR001 Tasmolinskaya 37 Warriors, Imeni telmana 583 BCE Q-YP3957 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Chelkar 1 CLK001 Savromo-Sarmatian Chelkar 450 BCE R-M198 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Aigyrly 6 AIG006 Sarmatian Sanctuary, Aigyrly 400 BCE R-M198 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Aigyrly 2 AIG002 Sarmatian Sanctuary, Aigyrly 400 BCE R-M417 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Caspan 4 CSP004 Saka Caspan Mound, Caspan 400 BCE R-PH1397 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Kyzylasker 129 DA129 Kyzylasker nomad Kyzylasker, Tian Shan 383 BCE R-YP6547 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Wusun 223 DA223 Wusun Turgen 2 burial site, Tian Sha 361 BCE R-Y41571 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Bisoba 4 BSB004 Savromo-Sarmatian Bisoba mound 8, Kaul'dzhur 350 BCE C-F3977 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Berel’ 11 I0563 Pazyryk Berel’, Kazakh Altai 350 BCE R-S23592 ? Unterländer et al. 2017
Kaynbulak 3 KBU003 Savromo-Sarmatian Burial Mound, Kaynbulak 350 BCE R-Z2124 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Korgantas 1 KBO001 Korgantas Karaoba, Korgantas 317 BCE Q-F15008 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Caspan 1 CSP001 Saka Caspan Mound, Caspan 301 BCE Q-MEH2 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Berel 16 BRE016 Pazyryk Berel 300 BCE Q-L330 ? Ghalichi et al. 2026
Sjiderti 17 DA20 Korgantas Kurgan, Sjiderti 274 BCE Q-BZ181 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Ornek 130 DA130 Saka Ornek, Tian Shan 271 BCE R-M420 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Berel 2 BRE002 Pazyryk Berel Burial Mounds, Shilikta Valley 268 BCE Q-F15008 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Wusun 220 DA220 Wusun Turgen 2 burial site, Tian Shan 250 BCE N-Y147658 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Bidayk 3 BDY003 Korgantas Bidayk mound, Bidayk 204 BCE R-PH1397 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Berel 5 BRE005 Pazyryk Berel Burial Mounds, Shilikta Valley 201 BCE Q-BZ93 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Sjauke 902 NEO902 Iron Age Central Asian Sjauke, Pavlodar 36 BCE Q-M346 ? Allentoft et al. 2024
Naurzum 30 DA30 Sarmatian Naurzum, Yubilejnoje 2 CE I-BY37214 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Pavlodar 92 DA92 Central Asian Nomad Kenjekol, Central steppe 51 CE R-Y20768 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Berel 13 BRE013 Pazyryk Berel 186 CE Q-BZ93 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Georgievsky 11540 I11540 Iron Age Central Asian Burial, Georgievsky Bugor 227 CE R-BY30764 ? Narasimhan et al. 2019
Berel 18 BRE018 Hun-Xianbei Berel Necropolis, Berel 250 CE Q-BZ94 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2025
Berel 20 BRE020 Hun-Xianbei Berel Necropolis, Berel 250 CE Q-L715 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2025
Berel 26 BRE026 Hun-Xianbei Berel Necropolis, Berel 250 CE R-Z2124 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2025
Berel 24 BRE024 Hun-Xianbei Berel Necropolis, Berel 250 CE R-Z93 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2025
Kangju 229 DA229 Kangju Kaynar Bulak 2 burial site, Central steppe 250 CE R-Z94 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kangju 206 DA206 Kangju Konyrtobe burial site, Talapty 253 CE R-S21872 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kok-Mardan 125 DA125 Kangju Kok-Mardan, Tian Shan 262 CE T-Y13309 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karatau 4 KNT004 Otyrar Konyrtobe 284 CE D-Y59460 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karatau 1 KNT001 Otyrar Konyrtobe 294 CE E-CTS9320 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karatau 3 KNT003 Otyrar Konyrtobe 300 CE J-Y234666 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Berel 14 BRE014 Pazyryk Berel 314 CE R-BY172798 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Berel 4 BRE004 Pazyryk Berel Burial Mounds, Shilikta Valley 317 CE Q-YP789 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karatau 5 KNT005 Otyrar Konyrtobe 319 CE L-FTE92546 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Berel 11 BRE011 Pazyryk Berel 331 CE Q-YP789 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Aktas 127 DA127 Hun Aktas cemetery, Tian Shan 334 CE Q-YP4495 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Gregorievka 95 DA95 Iron Age Steppe Burial, Pavlodar 354 CE N-FT37622 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
OutTurk 224 DA224 Iron Age Central Asian Besynshitobe, excavation 1, Central steppe 365 CE R-Y57 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kurayly 1 KRY001 Elite Hun Kurayly 379 CE R-BY172798 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Kostanay 27 DA27 Hun-Sarmatian Halvay Kurgan, Central steppe 442 CE R-Y195965 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kyzytu 228 DA228 Türk Kyzytu 600 CE O-Y126014 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Grigorjevka 4 DA87 Medieval Central Asian Burial, Pavlodar 691 CE R-L1433 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karakaba 2 KKB002 Karakaba 700 CE R-YP1547 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Issyk 124 DA124 Medieval Central Asian Issyk City, Tian Shan 705 CE J-PH2466 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Berygavoya 89 DA89 Türk Berygavoya, Central steppe 719 CE R-FT129490 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Pavlodar 93 DA93 Central Asian Nomad Kurgan, Central steppe 824 CE R-BY42301 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karakaba 1 KKB001 Bolshenarymskoe, Karakaba 831 CE J-FT147742 Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Butatky 222 DA222 Medieval Central Asian Butakty 1 settlement, Tian Shan 850 CE J-FT384007 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karluk 230 DA230 Medieval Central Asian Butakty 1 settlement, Tian Shan 850 CE J-FT384007 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kayalyk 2 KLK002 Kayalyk Kayalyk Mausoleum, Unknown 900 CE C-F1918 ? Gnecchi-Ruscone et al. 2021
Karakhanid 203 DA203 Karakhanid Cemetery Butakty, Almaty 950 CE J-FT384007 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karakhanid 204 DA204 Karakhanid Butakty, Central steppe 950 CE J-FT384007 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Pavlodar 94 DA94 Central Asian Nomad Kurgan, Central steppe 950 CE R-M417 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Almaly 126 DA126 Almaly Nomad Almaly, Tian Shan 959 CE R-Z93 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Nurataldy 2 DA179 Medieval Central Asian Nurataldy 1,100 CE G-FTJ16000 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Lisakovsk 23 DA23 Central Asian Nomad Lisakovsk, Kipchak 1,110 CE C-F13522 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Golden Horde Elite 2 ckz002 Golden Horde Elite Mausoleum of Joshi Khan, Jezkazgan 1,342 CE C-MF691989 ? Askapuli et al. 2026
Golden Horde Elite 3 ckz003 Golden Horde Elite Mausoleum of Ayakkamir, Ulitau region 1,342 CE C-ZQ369 ? Askapuli et al. 2026
Karasuyr 28 DA28 Golden Horde Burial 2, Karasuyr 1,400 CE C-ZQ346 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Karasuyr 29 DA29 Golden Horde Karasuyr, Burial 5, Central steppe 1,400 CE R-BY160093 Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Konyrtebe 208 DA208 Kazakh Konyrtebe settlement, Talapty 1,750 CE J-Z2217 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Konyrtebe 207 DA207 Historical Kazakh Konyrtebe settlement, Central steppe 1,750 CE R-M417 ? Damgaard, Marchi et al. 2018 (Nature)
Kuygenzhar 1 B2_B1 Kazakh Kuygenzhar 1,750 CE T-SK1474 ? White et al. 2021
Mausoleum of Alash Khan 1 ckz001 Golden Horde Elite Mausoleum of Alash Khan, Jezkazgan 1,770 CE C-FT442440 Askapuli et al. 2026
Kuygenzhar 5 B2_B5 Kazakh Kuygenzhar 1,784 CE G-FTJ64125 White et al. 2021

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample Site Date Branch
83425 Soltüstik Quzaqstan oblysy 3,446 BCE Z1c1
82561 Soltüstik Quzaqstan oblysy 3,387 BCE K1b2c1
83309 Soltüstik Quzaqstan oblysy 3,300 BCE R1b1c
87103 Almaty oblysy 1,561 BCE G2a1
91006 Pavlodar oblysy 1,500 BCE U2e1h1a5
119200 Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy 1,335 BCE J1c5a-a
97920 Qaraghandy oblysy 842 BCE H101a4
13891 Almaty oblysy 769 BCE J1b1a1
13905 Qaraghandy oblysy 717 BCE A-a1b3
88513 Qaraghandy oblysy 687 BCE H6a1a26
88514 Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy 670 BCE J1b1a1-a
88519 Qaraghandy oblysy 670 BCE A-a1b3
88517 Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy 650 BCE H15b1
88518 Qaraghandy oblysy 650 BCE C4-a3a
93202 Pavlodar oblysy 638 BCE Y1a1
89990 Qaraghandy oblysy 583 BCE H2b
97914 550 BCE C4a1a4a1a
13913 Almaty oblysy 425 BCE W3b
13890 Almaty oblysy 389 BCE J1c5a-a3
91009 Qostanay oblysy 250 BCE U4
13907 Qostanay oblysy 16 BCE U4
91004 Ongtüstik Qazaqstan oblysy 100 CE U2e1h1a
13900 Ongtüstik Qazaqstan oblysy 193 CE HV13b
13899 Pavlodar oblysy 270 CE D4b1e1
18210 Almaty oblysy 278 CE D4b1a2a1d2
97919 Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy 300 CE U1b2d
13897 Qostanay oblysy 358 CE C4b1
13892 Ongtüstik Qazaqstan oblysy 700 CE A15c
89924 Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy 700 CE C4a1a-a4
13908 Pavlodar oblysy 732 CE D4j8a1
89921 Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy 831 CE T2c1-a1
13889 Almaty 850 CE A25b
13909 Almaty 850 CE F1b1e4
13915 Almaty 911 CE A-a1b3a
13904 Qaraghandy oblysy 1,050 CE D4ad
13895 Qostanay oblysy — F1b1b1
13885 Qaraghandy oblysy — D4m2-a
13911 Qaraghandy oblysy — I1b10
83835 Batys Quzaqstan oblysy — R1a1a