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United States: ancient DNA

110
Y-DNA
samples
3
mtDNA
samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

11,000–10,000 BCE
1 · 0.9%
10,000–9,000 BCE
1 · 0.9%
9,000–8,000 BCE
1 · 0.9%
7,000–6,000 BCE
1 · 0.9%
4,000–3,000 BCE
4 · 3.6%
3,000–2,000 BCE
8 · 7.3%
2,000–1,000 BCE
2 · 1.8%
0–1,000 CE
10 · 9.1%
1,000–2,000 CE
82 · 74.5%
Y-DNA

Branches #

Q-FTK600
10 · 9.1%
E-CTS7305
7 · 6.4%
Q-L53
6 · 5.5%
E-L515
6 · 5.5%
Q-M3
4 · 3.6%
Q-FGC8436
3 · 2.7%
Q-CTS6060
3 · 2.7%
R-M222
3 · 2.7%
Q-Z780
2 · 1.8%
Q-M346
2 · 1.8%
Q-M902
2 · 1.8%
Q-FGC8439
2 · 1.8%
Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

11,000–10,000 BCE
1 · 33.3%
10,000–9,000 BCE
1 · 33.3%
1,000–2,000 CE
1 · 33.3%
mtDNA

Branches #

D4
1 · 33.3%
D1
1 · 33.3%
A2a
1 · 33.3%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample Culture Site Region Date Branch Study
Anzick 1 Anzick-1 Clovis Wilsall, Montana United States (Native American) 10,762 BCE Q-FGC47595 Rasmussen et al. 2014
Spirit Cave Mummy AHUR_2064 Native American Spirit Cave, Nevada United States (Native American) 9,022 BCE Q-Y166185 Moreno-Mayar et al. 2018 (Science)
Shuká Káa ("Man Ahead of Us") ShukaKaa Native American On Your Knees Cave, Prince of Wales Island, Alaska United States (Native American) 8,416 BCE Q-L53 ? Lindo et al. 2017
Kennewick man Kennewick Native American Kennewick, Washington United States (Native American) 6,802 BCE Q-FTJ87105 Rasmussen et al. 2015
San Nicolas 44 SN-44 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 3,440 BCE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 17 SN-17 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 3,214 BCE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 32 SN-32 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 3,159 BCE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 59 SN-59 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 3,103 BCE Q-L54 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 58 SN-58 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,925 BCE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 20 SN-20 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,925 BCE Q-L53 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 55 SN-55 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,925 BCE Q-L53 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 57 SN-57 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,925 BCE Q-L53 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 31 SN-31 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,925 BCE Q-M346 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 4 SN-04 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,892 BCE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 54 SN-54 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,459 BCE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 25 SN-25 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 2,428 BCE Q-L53 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 9 SN-09 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 1,200 BCE Q-FTH16 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 38 SN-38 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 1,200 BCE Q-FTH36 Scheib et al. 2018
Lovelock 4 Lovelock4 Native American Lovelock Cave, Nevada United States (Native American) 207 CE Q-FTC17883 ? Moreno-Mayar et al. 2018 (Science)
Point Sal 23 PS-23 Mainland Chumash Point Sal, California United States (Native American) 400 CE Q-CTS10853 ? Scheib et al. 2018
Point Sal 26 PS-26 Mainland Chumash Point Sal, California United States (Native American) 400 CE Q-M346 ? Scheib et al. 2018
Point Sal 3 PS-03 Mainland Chumash Point Sal, California United States (Native American) 483 CE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
Point Sal 6 PS-06 Mainland Chumash Point Sal, California United States (Native American) 496 CE Q-FT333346 Scheib et al. 2018
Point Sal 7 PS-07 Mainland Chumash Point Sal, California United States (Native American) 503 CE Q-CTS6060 ? Scheib et al. 2018
New Cuyama NC Mainland Chumash New Cuyama, California United States (Native American) 614 CE Q-M3 ? Scheib et al. 2018
San Nicolas 11 SN-11 Southern Channel Islander San Nicolas Island, California United States (Native American) 863 CE Q-FTH36 Scheib et al. 2018
Ashby 1 Ashby-1 Native American Native American Burial Grounds, Ashby, Minnesota United States (Native American) 933 CE Q-Z780 ? Lakehead University 2017
Chaluka 1126 I1126 Paleo-Aleutian Chaluka Midden, Aleutian Islands United States (Native American) 985 CE Q-Z36017 ? Flegontov et al. 2019
San Clemente 6 SC-06 Southern Channel Islander San Clemente Island, California United States (Native American) 1,000 CE Q-FTJ206 Scheib et al. 2018
San Clemente 756 I0756 Southern Channel Islander San Clemente Island, California United States (Native American) 1,125 CE Q-FTJ211 Nakatsuka et al. 2023
Tochak McGrath 1 I5319 Athabaskan Tochak McGrath, Kuskokwim River, Alaska United States (Native American) 1,225 CE Q-FTA37711 Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Flegontov et al. 2019; Rohland et al. 2022
Tochak McGrath 2 I5320 Athabaskan Tochak McGrath, Kuskokwim River, Alaska United States (Native American) 1,225 CE Q-FTA37711 Flegontov et al. 2019
Aleut 378544 I1125 Neo-Aleutian Ship Rock Island, Aleutian Islands United States (Native American) 1,375 CE Q-A15256 Flegontov et al. 2019
Aleut 378620 I0719 Paleo-Aleutian Chaluka Midden, Aleutian Islands United States (Native American) 1,445 CE Q-L53 ? Flegontov et al. 2019
Aleut 377917 I1129 Neo-Aleutian Kagamil Island Warm Cave, Aleutian Islands United States (Native American) 1,555 CE Q-M3 ? Flegontov et al. 2019
Governor Thomas Greene I15286 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,610 CE R-FT133548 Harney et al. 2026
Governor Philip Calvert I2099 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,626 CE R-M222 ? Reich et al. 2016
Aleut 377918 I1123 Neo-Aleutian Kagamil Island Warm Cave, Aleutian Islands United States (Native American) 1,635 CE Q-M3 ? Flegontov et al. 2019
Leonard Greene I15304 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,637 CE R-FT133548 Harney et al. 2026
Shohola 14 US-14 Colonial American Shohola Creek, Indian Cabin Ridge, Pennsylvania United States 1,648 CE I-FTA57752 Scheib et al. 2018
St. Mary's City 15315 I15315 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE E-CTS567 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15292 I15292 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE I-BY14044 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15284 I15284 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE I-FGC20030 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15296 I15296 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE I-FT124604 Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 35268 I35268 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE I-FT26183 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15318 I15318 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE I-FT268028 Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15303 I15303 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE J-Z40826 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15305 I15305 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-BY186495 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 35259 I35259 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-BY20010 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15285 I15285 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-BY69597 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15319 I15319 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-CTS422 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 35265 I35265 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-CTS422 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 35266 I35266 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-FT262357 Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 35260 I35260 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-FTF59003 Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15300 I15300 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-FTJ48766 Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15282 I15282 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-P312 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15301 I15301 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-P312 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 15295 I15295 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-PH137 ? Harney et al. 2026
St. Mary's City 35267 I35267 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,667 CE R-Y247605 Harney et al. 2026
Calvert Son I2097 Colonial American St. Mary's City, Maryland United States 1,682 CE R-M222 ? Reich et al. 2016
Avery’s Rest 10 AR10 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE E-FTJ76 ? Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 11 AR11 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE E-FTJ76 ? Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 9 AR09 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE E-M4311 ? Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 8 AR08 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE I-FT45175 ? Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 5 AR05 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE I-Z166 ? Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 1 AR01 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE R-BY31279 Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 4 AR04 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE R-BY3326 ? Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 3 AR03 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE R-FT180945 Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Avery’s Rest 2 AR02 Colonial American Avery’s Rest, Lewes, Delaware United States 1,700 CE R-FTD42661 Fleskes et al. 2023 (Curr. Biol.)
Aleut 377919 I1124 Neo-Aleutian Kagamil Island Warm Cave, Aleutian Islands United States (Native American) 1,720 CE Q-M3 ? Flegontov et al. 2019
Kuto CHS04 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,735 CE E-CTS12153 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Babatunde CHS06 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,735 CE E-CTS4051 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Pele CHS35 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,735 CE E-Z22310 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Talata CHS15 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,735 CE E-Z36913 Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Kiana CHS25 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,735 CE E-Z906 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Fumu CHS19 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,750 CE B-V83 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Wuta CHS16 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,750 CE E-CTS7305 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Pita CHS29 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,750 CE E-L515 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Ganda CHS23 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,750 CE E-M4901 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Lima CHS03 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,750 CE E-U174 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Daba CHS17 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,750 CE E-Z6022 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Banza CHS01 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,758 CE E-CTS668 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Anika CHS10 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,758 CE E-CTS7305 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Lisa CHS22 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,758 CE E-Z6020 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Coosaw CHS24 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,765 CE E-M54 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Jode CHS33 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,768 CE E-CTS668 ? Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Zimbu CHS13 Enslaved African American Gaillard Center, Charleston, South Carolina United States 1,775 CE E-FTC600 Fleskes et al. 2021; Fleskes et al. 2023 (PNAS)
Dr. Samuel Walter Washington HC-B Early Republic American Harewood Cemetery, Charles Town, West Virginia United States 1,799 CE R-FTE202 ? Cavagnino et al. 2024
George Steptoe Washington Jr. HC-3 Early Republic American Harewood Cemetery, Charles Town, West Virginia United States 1,806 CE R-FTE202 ? Cavagnino et al. 2024
St. Mary's Basilica 3 STM3x Historical American Basilica of St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception, Norfolk, Virginia United States 1,810 CE R-FTC30893 Fleskes et al. 2025
Catoctin Furnace 8084 I8084 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE A-L1213 Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 15331 I15331 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-CTS1881 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8090 I8090 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-CTS4257 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 15336 I15336 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-CTS7305 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8085 I8085 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-FT327133 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 15330 I15330 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-L515 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 15341 I15341 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-M180 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8087 I8087 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-M58 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8092 I8092 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-P277 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8095 I8095 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-Z16131 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8094 I8094 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-Z1673 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 15340 I15340 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-Z1711 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8086 I8086 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE E-Z6023 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8088 I8088 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE R-A9861 ? Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 8096 I8096 Enslaved African American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE R-BY135984 Harney et al. 2023
Catoctin Furnace 15342 I15342 Admixed American Catoctin Furnace, Maryland United States 1,820 CE R-Z284 ? Harney et al. 2023
San Miguel 1 SM-01 Island Chumash San Miguel Island, California United States (Native American) 1,828 CE Q-FTJ205 ? Scheib et al. 2018
St. Mary's Basilica 1 STM1x Historical American Basilica of St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception, Norfolk, Virginia United States 1,844 CE R-M222 ? Fleskes et al. 2025
Palm Site 523a 523a Athabaskan Palm Site, Alaska United States (Native American) 1,850 CE Q-A15249 Scheib et al. 2018
Santa Catalina 1 CT-01 Southern Channel Islander Santa Catalina Island, California United States (Native American) 1,881 CE Q-FTJ211 Scheib et al. 2018

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample Site Region Date Branch
1317 Montana United States 10,800 BCE D4h3a
110921 Nevada United States 9,020 BCE D1s
86633 Alaska United States 1,225 CE A2a1