Moldova: ancient DNA

Y-DNA

samples

mtDNA

samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

5,000–4,000 BCE

1 · 3.7%

4,000–3,000 BCE

4 · 14.8%

3,000–2,000 BCE

10 · 37.0%

2,000–1,000 BCE

3 · 11.1%

1,000–0 BCE

8 · 29.6%

0–1,000 CE

1 · 3.7%

Y-DNA

Branches #

4 · 14.8%

4 · 14.8%

3 · 11.1%

2 · 7.4%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

1 · 3.7%

Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

3,000–2,000 BCE

1 · 8.3%

1,000–0 BCE

9 · 75.0%

0–1,000 CE

1 · 8.3%

mtDNA

Branches #

2 · 16.7%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

1 · 8.3%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample	Culture	Site	Date	Branch	Study
Giurgiuleşti 20072 I20072	Suvorovo	Giurgiuleşti, Cahul	4,194 BCE	Q-BZ754	Nikitin et al. 2025
Hlinaia 20086 I20086	Chalcolithic Eastern European	Hlinaia, Transnistria	3,250 BCE	R-M198 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2022
Bursuceni 17973 I17973	Proto-Yamnaya	Bursuceni, Sîngerei	3,228 BCE	J-Z43608	Nikitin et al. 2025
Taraclia 20078 I20078	Usatove	Taraclia II, Căușeni	3,187 BCE	Q-BZ1462 ?	Nikitin et al. 2025
Dănceni 20069 I20069	Cucuteni–Trypillia	Dănceni II, Ialoveni	3,129 BCE	I-L703 ?	Nikitin et al. 2025
Ciumai 7847 I7847	Yamnaya	Ciumai, Taraclia District	2,961 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Glinoe 12637 I12637	Yamnaya	Glinoe, Hlinaia, Slobozia, Transnistria	2,900 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Nikitin et al. 2025
Cotiujeni 20068 I20068	Yamnaya	Cotiujeni, Briceni	2,776 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Nikitin et al. 2025
Tiraspol 17747 I17747	Yamnaya	Tiraspol, Kurgan 3, Transnistria	2,720 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Nikitin et al. 2025
Sărăteni 17744 I17744	Yamnaya	Sărăteni, Leova	2,719 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Nikitin et al. 2025
Sărăteni 17745 I17745	Yamnaya	Sărăteni, Leova	2,717 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Akbari et al. 2026; Nikitin et al. 2025
Crihana-Veche 10206 I10206	Yamnaya	Crihana-Veche, Cahul District	2,700 BCE	J-L283 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Crihana-Veche 10208 I10208	Yamnaya	Crihana-Veche, Cahul District	2,700 BCE	R-Z2109 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2025
Sărăteni 20077 I20077	Bronze Age Eastern European	Catacomb, Sărăteni	2,500 BCE	R-BY44400 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2022
Tiraspol 20083 I20083	Bronze Age Eastern European	Tiraspol, Transnistria	2,500 BCE	R-BY44400 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2022
Crihana Veche 10421 I10421	Bronze Age Eastern European	Crihana Veche, Cahul	2,000 BCE	R-M417 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2022
Crihana Veche 10436 I10436	Multi-cordoned Ware	Crihana Veche, Cahul	1,950 BCE	R-M12149 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2022
Crihana Veche 10438 I10438	Sabatinovka	Crihana Veche, Cahul	1,500 BCE	R-PF6162 ?	Lazaridis et al. 2022
Cimmerian 358 cim358	Cimmerian	Glinoe Sad, Odessa Oblast	872 BCE	Q-Z19213	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Cimmerian 357 cim357	Cimmerian	Glinoe Sad, Odessa Oblast	858 BCE	R-Z94 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Ciumai 11926 I7852	Bronze Age Balkan	Grave, Ciumai	550 BCE	N-FT353531	Akbari et al. 2026; Harney et al. 2021
Scythian 305 scy305	Western Scythian	Gilnoe, Hilnaia	304 BCE	R-Z2106 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Scythian 301 scy301	Western Scythian	Glinoe, Hilnaia	287 BCE	I-FTA31766	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Scythian 197 scy197	Western Scythian	Glinoe, Hilnaia	275 BCE	E-CTS8814 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Scythian 193 scy193	Western Scythian	Glinoe, Hilnaia	275 BCE	R-M417 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Scythian 304 scy304	Western Scythian	Glinoe, Hilnaia	263 BCE	R-FGC14598 ?	Krzewińska et al. 2018 (Sci. Adv.)
Stoicani 10448 I10448	Late Sarmatian	Stoicani, Stoicani, Soroca District	369 CE	I-CTS1977 ?	Akbari et al. 2026

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample	Site	Date	Branch
158882	Cahul	2,700 BCE	U4b3
38613		350 BCE	H5b8
41918		250 BCE	U5a2a1
43467		250 BCE	U5a1a1j
39858		250 BCE	H5b8b
24076		250 BCE	U5a1a2b
34929		250 BCE	U5a2b
23723		250 BCE	F1d-a1
47393		250 BCE	T2b18a
22525		250 BCE	M10a1a1a
120378		298 CE	U5b2a3c
26159		—	U5a1c3a