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Estonians

language: Estonian · est
12
Y-DNA
samples
5
mtDNA
samples
Compare with…
Y-DNA

Key branches tree #

Tree of the main branches by YFull samples. Each branch includes all samples of its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Branches of at least 1% of the sample are shown; branches that only pass one child through are skipped. Age is how many years ago the branch's common ancestor lived (TMRCA), from FTDNA.

N-CTS2929
3 of 12 (3 of 12, 95% confidence interval: 9–53%) 4,000 years
R1a-Y35 R-Y35
3 of 12 (3 of 12, 95% confidence interval: 9–53%) 4,300 years
other
6 · 50% (6 of 12, 95% confidence interval: 25–75%)
mtDNA

mt-branch tree #

Tree of the mt branches by YFull samples, grouped by letter. Each branch includes all samples of its sub-branches; sub-branches are indented. Branches of at least 1% of the sample are shown; branches that only pass one child through are skipped. Age is how many years ago the branch's common foremother lived (TMRCA), from FTDNA.

H
2 of 5 (2 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 12–77%) 11k years
H1b2
1 of 5 (1 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 4–62%) 3,800 years
H5a1a
1 of 5 (1 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 4–62%) 4,000 years
U2'3'4'7'8'9
2 of 5 (2 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 12–77%) 50k years
U2e2a1a
1 of 5 (1 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 4–62%) 3,700 years
U4c1
1 of 5 (1 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 4–62%) 5,100 years
Z1a1a
1 of 5 (1 of 5, 95% confidence interval: 4–62%) 3,100 years

Distinctive branches of the people · Y #

Branches this people carries 3 or more times as often as all YFull customers together. The multiplier is in brackets. Branches of at least 5 samples are included.

  • N1a-L1026 N-L1026: 5 · 41.7% (×13.6)
  • N1a-M178 N-TAT: 5 · 41.7% (×12.7)
  • N N: 5 · 41.7% (×11.3)
  • R1a-Z282 R-Z282: 6 · 50.0% (×7.2)
  • NO NO: 5 · 41.7% (×7.2)
  • R1a-M417 R-M417: 6 · 50.0% (×5.3)
  • R1a-M198 R-M198: 6 · 50.0% (×5.3)
  • R1a R1a: 6 · 50.0% (×5.1)

Migration paths of the characteristic branches #

Paths of the people's main characteristic branches, from YFull samples that report this native language, as modelled by FamilyTreeDNA Discover, on one calendar clock: in each year a branch stands where its ancestral line was. A branch's share is of the people's samples. Grey is a stretch of path shared by several branches; the large marker is the branch itself.

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  • N-L1026 · 42%
  • R-Z282 · 50%
  • Shared trunk

The time scale is logarithmic: the closer to the present, the longer a year takes.

The same branches are in the tree on this page.

Where the samples come from #

Which countries and regions this people's samples come from; paternal and maternal lines counted separately.

Y-DNA

  • Viljandimaa EE-84 5
  • Parnumaa EE-67 2
  • Saaremaa EE-74 2
  • Harjumaa EE-37 1
  • Laanemaa EE-57 1
  • Tartumaa EE-78 1

mtDNA

  • Harjumaa EE-37 2
  • Jogevamaa EE-49 1
  • Raplamaa EE-70 1
  • Vorumaa EE-86 1

Data on this page: YFull Y tree, 2 November 2026: 12 samples; YFull mtDNA tree, 2 November 2026: 5 samples.

How to cite: ftdnastat, "Estonians: Y-DNA and mtDNA haplogroups", https://ftdnastat.github.io/en/ethnic/est/, data of 2026-11-14, build 20261114-18dba71.

The data is licensed under CC BY 4.0: take it, rework it, just credit ftdnastat.