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Italy (Sardinia): ancient DNA

75
Y-DNA
samples
28
mtDNA
samples

People whose remains archaeologists found and whose DNA labs have read. The date is the middle of the dating interval, radiocarbon or by archaeological context. Branches link to branch pages where one exists. All archaeological cultures

Y-DNA

By period #

5,000–4,000 BCE
5 · 6.7%
4,000–3,000 BCE
2 · 2.7%
3,000–2,000 BCE
22 · 29.3%
2,000–1,000 BCE
21 · 28.0%
1,000–0 BCE
17 · 22.7%
0–1,000 CE
6 · 8.0%
1,000–2,000 CE
2 · 2.7%
Y-DNA

Branches #

G-PF3178
7 · 9.3%
I-S12377
7 · 9.3%
R-PF6287
6 · 8.0%
I-BY1003
5 · 6.7%
G-PF3378
5 · 6.7%
R-V88
4 · 5.3%
G-P303
2 · 2.7%
H-Z19049
2 · 2.7%
R-FGC21027
2 · 2.7%
I-PF6950
2 · 2.7%
J-Z597
2 · 2.7%
E-L1250
2 · 2.7%
Y-DNA

Cultures #

All archaeological cultures

mtDNA

By period #

5,000–4,000 BCE
4 · 14.3%
4,000–3,000 BCE
2 · 7.1%
3,000–2,000 BCE
7 · 25.0%
2,000–1,000 BCE
11 · 39.3%
1,000–0 BCE
3 · 10.7%
0–1,000 CE
1 · 3.6%
mtDNA

Branches #

J1c3
2 · 7.1%
H1
2 · 7.1%
J2b1a
2 · 7.1%
H3
2 · 7.1%
H1e1a
2 · 7.1%
U5b2b3
1 · 3.6%
H1e1
1 · 3.6%
K1b1a1
1 · 3.6%
T2c1d
1 · 3.6%
J2a1a1
1 · 3.6%
K1a
1 · 3.6%
HV0
1 · 3.6%

Paternal lines of the ancients #

Source: FamilyTreeDNA Discover.

Paternal lines of the ancients
Sample Culture Site Date Branch Study
Longu Fresu 3 LON003 Neolithic Sardinian Grutta I de Longu Fresu, Seulo 4,324 BCE G-P303 ? Marcus et al. 2020
S'isteridolzu 5 SID005 Neolithic Sardinian S'isteridolzu, Ossi 4,145 BCE I-BY1003 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Noeddale 1 NOE001 Neolithic Sardinian Noeddale, Ossi 4,140 BCE G-L89 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Anghelu Ruju 15944 I15944 Neolithic Sardinian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 4,007 BCE G-PF3359 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Anghelu Ruju 15946 I15946 Neolithic Sardinian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 4,007 BCE I-BY1003 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Anghelu Ruju 16168 I16168 Copper Age Italian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 3,857 BCE H-Z19089 Akbari et al. 2026; Allen Ancient Genome Diversity Project; Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Cannas di Sotto 1 CDS001 Copper Age Italian Cannas di Sotto, Carbonia 3,248 BCE R-FTJ54910 ? Marcus et al. 2020
S'isteridolzu 6 SID006 Copper Age Italian S'isteridolzu, Ossi 2,713 BCE I-P222 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Sa Ucca 16164 I16164 Copper Age Italian Sa Ucca Cave, Mara, Sassari 2,459 BCE G-PF3378 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Serra Crabiles 2 I18968 Copper Age Italian Serra Crabiles, Sennori 2,402 BCE G-FTK181 Akbari et al. 2026; Marcus et al. 2020
Su Crucifissu Mannu 6 SUC006 Bronze Age Italian Su Crucifissu Mannu, Porto Torres 2,397 BCE I-BY1003 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Serra Crabiles 14677 I14677 Copper Age Italian Serra Crabiles necropolis, Sassari 2,381 BCE G-FTK181 Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Su Crucifissu Mannu 7 SUC007 Bronze Age Italian Su Crucifissu Mannu, Porto Torres 2,371 BCE I-L1228 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Anghelu Ruju 15942 I15942 Copper Age Italian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 2,338 BCE G-PF3143 Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Serra Crabiles 14678 I14678 Copper Age Italian Serra Crabiles necropolis, Sassari 2,328 BCE G-FTK181 Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Serra Crabiles 1 I18970 Copper Age Italian Serra Crabiles, Sennori 2,287 BCE G-FTK181 Akbari et al. 2026; Marcus et al. 2020
Anghelu Ruju 15940 I15940 Copper Age Italian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 2,245 BCE E-SK863 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Anghelu Ruju 15941 I15941 Copper Age Italian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 2,242 BCE H-BY84221 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Piras 1 ISC001 Nuragic S’Iscia ‘e sas Piras, Usini 2,225 BCE I-BY167523 Marcus et al. 2020
Su Crocefissu 29 R29 Bronze Age Italian Su Crocefissu, Sassari 2,200 BCE G-PF3378 ? Antonio et al. 2019
Su Crocefissu 27 R27 Bronze Age Italian Su Crocefissu, Sassari 2,200 BCE I-FTA1525 Antonio et al. 2019
Su Crucifissu Mannu 26 R26 Bronze Age Italian Su Crucifissu Mannu, Porto Torres, Sassari 2,200 BCE I-Y7240 ? Antonio et al. 2019
Su Crucifissu Mannu 5 SUC005 Bronze Age Italian Su Crucifissu Mannu, Porto Torres 2,196 BCE I-L1228 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Su Asedazzu 2 SUA002 Bronze Age Italian Riparo sotto roccia Su Asedazzu, Seulo 2,126 BCE R-PF7549 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Serra Crabiles 14676 I14676 Copper Age Italian Serra Crabiles necropolis, Sassari 2,116 BCE I-BY167523 Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Su Crucifissu Mannu 3 SUC003 Bronze Age Italian Su Crucifissu Mannu, Porto Torres 2,068 BCE I-L1228 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Serra Crabiles 14675 I14675 Copper Age Italian Serra Crabiles necropolis, Sassari 2,059 BCE I-BY167523 Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Su Asedazzu 8 SUA008 Bronze Age Italian Riparo sotto roccia Su Asedazzu, Seulo 2,040 BCE R-PF6287 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Seulo 59 I3743 Bronze Age Italian Stampu Erdi, Seulo 2,040 BCE R-PF6350 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Su Asedazzu 7 SUA007 Bronze Age Italian Riparo sotto roccia Su Asedazzu, Seulo 1,954 BCE R-V88 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Bittuleris 209 I0209 Nuragic Su Grutta ’e is Bittuleris, Seulo 1,800 BCE R-PF6350 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Bittuleris 1 ISB001 Nuragic Su Grutta ’e is Bittuleris, Seulo 1,785 BCE I-Y11222 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Su Crucifissu Mannu 9 I18945 Bronze Age Italian Su Crucifissu Mannu, Porto Torres 1,717 BCE I-FTC498 Akbari et al. 2026; Marcus et al. 2020
Seulo 10365 I10365 Bronze Age Italian Stampu Erdi, Seulo 1,453 BCE G-PF3158 ? Akbari et al. 2026; Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Anghelu Ruju 16170 I16170 Bronze Age Italian Anghelu Ruju, Alghero 1,387 BCE I-PH4419 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol); Patterson et al. 2022
Su Asedazzu 1 SUA001 Nuragic Riparo sotto roccia Su Asedazzu, Seulo 1,326 BCE R-PF7549 ? Marcus et al. 2020
S'Orku 4 ORC004 Nuragic S’Orcu ‘e Tueri, Perdasdefogu 1,276 BCE I-L1228 ? Marcus et al. 2020
S'Orku 3 ORC003 Nuragic S’Orcu ‘e Tueri, Perdasdefogu 1,231 BCE J-YP157 Marcus et al. 2020
S'Orku 7 ORC007 Nuragic S’Orcu ‘e Tueri, Perdasdefogu 1,223 BCE J-L283 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Anulu 10502 I10502 Bronze Age Italian Anulu, Seui 1,196 BCE R-PF6289 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
S'Orku 6 ORC006 Nuragic S’Orcu ‘e Tueri, Perdasdefogu 1,173 BCE G-Z7025 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Su Asedazzu 3 SUA003 Nuragic Riparo sotto roccia Su Asedazzu, Seulo 1,162 BCE R-PF7549 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Is Arutas 1 ISR001 Nuragic Is Arutas, Cabras 1,161 BCE G-L1259 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Ingurtosu Mannu 1 INM001 Nuragic Ingurtosu Mannu, Donori 1,147 BCE R-Z30238 Marcus et al. 2020
Is Arutas 2 ISR002 Nuragic Is Arutas, Cabras 1,146 BCE R-PF6289 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Perdasdefogu 2 I10553 Bronze Age Italian Perdasdefogu cave, Quirra 1,141 BCE J-YP157 Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
S'Orku 8 ORC008 Nuragic S’Orcu ‘e Tueri, Perdasdefogu 1,073 BCE J-Z600 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Lu Maccioni 31 I3642 Bronze Age Italian Lu Maccioni, Alghero 1,046 BCE G-PF3378 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Su Asedazzu 9 SUA009 Nuragic Riparo sotto roccia Su Asedazzu, Seulo, CA 1,038 BCE R-PF6289 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Sant’ Imbenia 11828 R11828 Nuragic Sant’ Imbenia, Porto Conte, Sassari 1,030 BCE I-PH4419 ? Antonio et al. 2023; Moots et al. 2022
Lu Maccioni 10364 I10364 Bronze Age Italian Lu Maccioni, Alghero 975 BCE G-PF3420 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Villamar 11 VIL011 Punic Via Roma, Villamar 804 BCE R-PF7589 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Sant’ Imbenia 11835 R11835 Nuragic Sant’ Imbenia, Porto Conte, Sassari 787 BCE H-Y21647 Antonio et al. 2023; Moots et al. 2022
Monte Sirai 2 MSR002 Punic Monte Sirai, Carbonia 724 BCE G-PF3146 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Tharros 22115 I22115 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 673 BCE G-CTS5990 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22118 I22118 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 643 BCE E-FTD69833 Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22117 I22117 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 620 BCE R-L2 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 21987 I21987 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 500 BCE G-L30 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22122 I22122 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 471 BCE E-FTD69833 Ringbauer et al. 2025
Villamar 7 VIL007 Punic Via Roma, Villamar 459 BCE J-FTA87616 Marcus et al. 2020
Tharros 22094 I22094 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 400 BCE C-M216 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22090 I22090 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 400 BCE G-P303 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
S'Orku 2 ORC002 Punic S’Orcu ‘e Tueri, Perdasdefogu 299 BCE I-PF4398 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Tharros 22093 I22093 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 298 BCE G-S10654 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22114 I22114 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 297 BCE I-S63 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22119 I22119 Phoenician Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 269 BCE J-ZS6056 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 21964 I21964 Roman Age Sardinian Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 111 BCE R-FGC20764 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Tharros 22091 I22091 Roman Age Sardinian Tharros, Cabras, Oristano 13 CE I-SK1270 ? Ringbauer et al. 2025
Aho M. Carru 14 AMC014 Roman Aho M. Carru, Alghero 205 CE G-Z6191 ? Marcus et al. 2020
Sant’Elia 12223 I12223 Iron Age Italian Sant’Elia Cape, Cagliari 328 CE G-P15 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Grotta Colombi 12220 I12220 Medieval Italian Grotta Colombi, Cagliari 602 CE J-M92 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
Corona Moltana 2 COR002 Medieval Sardinian Corona Moltana, Bonnanaro 854 CE I-FT376000 Marcus et al. 2020
Grotta Colombi 12221 I12221 Medieval Italian Grotta Colombi, Cagliari 941 CE E-M34 ? Fernandes et al. 2020 (Nat. Ecol. Evol)
San Nicola 2 SNN002 Medieval Sardinian San Nicola Necropoli Esterna, Sassari 1,346 CE R-P312 ? Marcus et al. 2020
San Nicola 1 SNN001 Medieval Sardinian San Nicola Necropoli Esterna, Sassari 1,347 CE E-CTS9320 ? Marcus et al. 2020

Maternal lines of the ancients #

Source: YFull; no culture given.

Maternal lines of the ancients
Sample Site Date Branch
60313 Sassari 4,145 BCE J1c3
64064 Sassari 4,125 BCE H1
60314 Sassari 4,115 BCE J2b1a
60317 Cagliari 4,105 BCE U5b2b3-a1c
60315 Sassari 3,620 BCE H1e1
52099 Cagliari 3,240 BCE K1b1a1
52623 Medio Campidano 2,675 BCE T2c1d-a
52100 Carbonia-Iglesias 2,665 BCE J2a1a1k
52621 Oristano 2,515 BCE K1-a4
52622 Medio Campidano 2,390 BCE HV0-a2a1
52098 Cagliari 2,205 BCE U5b2b5a
60318 Cagliari 2,045 BCE H3u5
60321 Cagliari 2,040 BCE U5b2a8
60322 Cagliari 1,950 BCE H1e1a20a
60320 Cagliari 1,895 BCE K1b1b1
60319 Cagliari 1,515 BCE H1ek1
52617 Oristano 1,255 BCE H3
82467 Cagliari 1,249 BCE K1a4a1
82472 Cagliari 1,206 BCE H1e1a20a1
58400 Oristano 1,160 BCE V
52618 Oristano 1,140 BCE H5a
52619 Cagliari 1,135 BCE T2b3-a3
82471 Cagliari 1,095 BCE H1e-a
54955 Cagliari 1,055 BCE J2b1a
82598 Cagliari 930 BCE J1c3
148131 Oristano 643 BCE U5a2b
148133 Oristano 472 BCE H30a
87463 Sassari 178 CE U6a7a